@ARTICLE{Machelski_Czesław_Contact_2021,
 author={Machelski, Czesław and Korusiewicz, Leszek},
 volume={vol. 67},
 number={No 1},
 pages={57-79},
 journal={Archives of Civil Engineering},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2021},
 publisher={WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING and COMMITTEE FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES},
 abstract={Unlike in conventional bridges, the backfill and the roadway pavement have a major bearing on the load capacity of buried corrugated metal structures. In the soil-steel structure model one can distinguish two structural subsystems: the shell made of corrugated steel plates and the soil backfill with the road pavement. The interaction between them is modelled as a contact (interfacial) interaction, i.e. forces normal and tangent to the surface of the shell. The normal interactions are variable during both construction and service life. Two algorithms are presented. In the first algorithm on the basis of unit strains the internal forces in the shell are determined and consequently the contact interactions are calculated. A large number of measuring points distributed on the circumferential section of the shell is needed for the calculations. In the second algorithm the collocation condition, according to which the result obtained from the shell geometry model must agree with the measured displacement of the structure’s collocation point, is used. When there are more such points, the estimated result is more precise. The advantage of both algorithms is that they take into account the physical characteristics of the soil in the backfill layers, but above all the backfill laying and compacting technology. The results of such analyses can be the basis for comparing the effectiveness of conventional geotechnical models.},
 type={Article},
 title={Contact Interaction between Corrugated Steel Shell and the Soil Backfill Determined based on the Measurements of Shell Deformations},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/119558/PDF/4.ACE-00036_B5.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/ace.2021.136461},
 keywords={soil-shell structures, earth pressure, shell deformation, contact interaction},
}