@ARTICLE{Serzysko_T._Enteric_2021,
 author={Serzysko, T. and Skwarek, A. and Chudziak, E. and Malina, M. and Kaleczyc, J. and Sienkiewicz, W.},
 volume={vol. 24},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences},
 pages={293-301},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2021},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences Committee of Veterinary Sciences},
 publisher={University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn},
 abstract={The development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) is still a valid and intensely studied issue. However, literature in the field has no data on this topic in the dog. The present investiga- tions were performed in three groups of fetuses from mongrel dogs – from the third, sixth- -seventh, and ninth week of pregnancy – and in 3-5-day-old puppies (3 specimens for each age group). The tissues (the medial parts of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum with the cecum and a small portion of the adjacent ascending colon) were cut using a cryostat and the sections were processed for single- and double-labeling immunohistochemistry using antisera against acetylat- ed tubulin (AcTub), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), galanin (GAL), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In the 3-week-old fetuses, some oval cells invading the gut wall were found. From the seventh week of pregnancy onwards, two different enteric ganglia were present: submucosal and myenteric. The estimated number of nerve elements in the 9-week-old fetuses was much higher than that observed in the 6-7-week-old individuals. There was no significant difference in the estimated number of nerve structures between the 9-week-old fetuses and the 3-5-day-old puppies. The colonization pattern and the develop- ment of the ENS in the canine small intestine are very similar to those observed in other mam- mals. However, a few exceptions have been confirmed, regarding the time of appearance of the VIP-, GAL-, and CGRP-immunoreactive neurons, and their distribution in different portions of the canine bowel during development.},
 type={Article},
 title={Enteric neuronal development in canine small intestine – an immunohistochemical study},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/120091/16_Serzysko%20(1).pdf},
 doi={10.24425/pjvs.2021.137665},
 keywords={dog, fetus, small intestine, enteric nervous system, development, neurons, immunohistochemistry},
}