@ARTICLE{Makowski_Andrzej_The_2003, author={Makowski, Andrzej and Ilnicki, Marek}, number={No XVIII}, journal={Prawo Morskie}, pages={117-137}, howpublished={online}, year={2003}, publisher={Oddział PAN w Gdańsku}, abstract={The use of the seas for military purposes consists of a broad and complex range of activities. We can divide these activities into two categories of users' rights. The first is the right tofreedom ofnavigation, and the second is the right to conduct operational activities. The Navy of a maritime power is the main defender and executive agent ofthese rights. The relations between maritime law and the military exploitation of the oceans, on one hand, 'and maritime law and the structure of power within the international system, on the other hand, are dynamic rather than static ones. They should be considered together in connection with planning for national security. Naval powers have a right to declare that the right to exploit the oceans for military purposes also extends to and beyond exclusive areas of economic}, type={Artykuły / Articles}, title={The Concept of the Freedom of the Seas in the Light of the Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) and Military Actions on the Open Seas}, URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/120609/PDF-MASTER/9_PM_XVIII_Makowski_Ilnicki_Koncepcja.pdf}, }