@ARTICLE{Strus_Włodzimierz_Theoretical_2021,
 author={Strus, Włodzimierz and Cybis, Natalia and Cieciuch, Jan and Rowiński, Tomasz},
 volume={vol. 52},
 number={No 3},
 pages={197-210},
 journal={Polish Psychological Bulletin},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2021},
 publisher={Committee for Psychological Science PAS},
 abstract={The current literature on personality types—understood as basic configurations of the Big Five’s personality traits—provides inconsistent results. The most commonly reported, three-type RUO (Resilient-Undercontrolled- Overcontrolled) solution is not definitive, as other solutions are also" often obtained. The current paper starts from reviewing and discussing the inconsistencies found in the previous results as well as in the RUO typology itself. The prevalence of an exploratory orientation in research on personality type was interpreted as the main cause of these problems. Then, we proposed a solution by using the Two Factor Model of personality and its extension—the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits—as the theoretical foundation for a four-type RUNO typology (Resilient- Undercontrolled-Nonresilient-Overcontrolled). The paper presents the RUNO personality typology and its theoretical consequences – in particular, we argue that the RUNO (a) is the most theoretically justified, and therefore, empirically expected solution, (b) allows us to explain why the three-type RUO solution is so commonly obtained, and (c) helps to solve some other problems that have arisen in the literature (e.g., with “typeness”).},
 type={Article},
 title={Theoretical framework for the RUNO personality typology based on the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/121025/2021-03-PPB-01-Strus-etal.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/ppb.2021.137885},
 keywords={personality types, Big Five, RUO typology, Two Factor Model, Circumplex of Personality Metatraits, RUNO typology},
}