@ARTICLE{Vistro_Rahim_Bux_Impact_2022,
 author={Vistro, Rahim Bux and Talpur, Mashooque Ali and Shaikh, Irfan Ahmed and Mangrio, Munir Ahmed},
 number={No 52},
 pages={166-171},
 journal={Journal of Water and Land Development},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2022},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute},
 abstract={In furrow irrigation, the maximum lateral movement of water in ridges is more desirable than the vertical downward movement. This can be achieved by compacting the furrows. Thus, the study examines the impact on furrow soil compaction by tractor wheel trafficking during mechanical operations in the different soil types. In this experiment, the three-wheel tractor compaction includes: 1) control (no soil compaction), 2) compaction through 3-wheel tractor passes, and 3) compaction through 6-wheel passes under three different soil textural classes such as: clay loam, silty clay loam and silty loam soils. The impact of various treatments on clay loam, silty clay loam, and silty loam under 3- and 6-wheel passes showed increased bulk density (7–12%), field capacity (9–19%), ridge storage efficiency (35–38%), water use efficiency (16–20.5%) and decreased soil porosity (7–16%), infiltration (8–20%), and furrow storage efficiency (28–41%) over the control. This study shows comparable results of 6-passes with other studies in which more than 6-passes were used to compact the soil. This study suggested that farmers can maximise water use efficiency by compacting their furrows using 6-passes tractor trafficking.},
 type={Article},
 title={Impact of tractor wheels on physical properties of different soil types and the irrigation efficiency of the furrow irrigation method},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/122642/PDF/2022-01-JWLD-21-Vistro.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/jwld.2022.140386},
 keywords={furrow/ridge storage efficiency, irrigation method, soil physical properties, tractor wheel trafficking, water use efficiency},
}