@ARTICLE{Gumińska_Barbara_Role_2009,
 author={Gumińska, Barbara and Kłos, Marcin},
 volume={vol.35},
 number={No 1},
 pages={33-43},
 journal={Archives of Environmental Protection},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2009},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={All multifunctional units combine flocculation and sedimentation to improve efficiency of treatment process. The characteristic feature of the unit is a contact of raw water with previously generated floes which enhances flocculation by increasing interparticle collisions and sorption ability offloes. On the basis of the authors' experience it was stated that in spite of significant differences between the procedure of conventional treatment and treatment in multifunctional units, an optimum coagulant dose is determined in jar testing which is commonly used for conventional treatment. The influence of sludge recirculation is not taken into consideration resulting in reagent overdosing. In this paper the results of the research on coagulation with postcoagulation sludge recirculation in aspect of sludge age are presented. It was stated that for the tested water, sludge recirculation may result in significant lowering of optimum alum doses provided that a proper degree of fresh sludge recirculation is applied.},
 type={Article},
 title={Role of Recycled Sludge Age in Coagulation of Colored Water},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/122862/PDF/6_AE_VOL_35_1_2009_Guminska_Role.pdf},
}