@ARTICLE{Kaczmarczyk_Olga_Association_2022,
 author={Kaczmarczyk, Olga and Dąbek-Drobny, Agnieszka and Woźniakiewicz, Michał and Paśko, Paweł and Dobrowolska-Iwanek, Justyna and Woźniakiewicz, Aneta and Targosz, Aneta and Ptak-Belowska, Agata and Piątek-Guziewicz, Agnieszka and Wcisło, Kacper and Zagrodzki, Paweł and Zwolińska-Wcisło, Małgorzata},
 volume={Vol. 62},
 number={No 1},
 journal={Folia Medica Cracoviensia},
 pages={43-54},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2022},
 publisher={Oddział PAN w Krakowie; Uniwersytet Jagielloński – Collegium Medicum},
 abstract={Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of chronic inflamma-tory disorders characterized by dysbiosis and altered short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level. The association between individual SCFA levels and cytokine levels is unknown. Objectives: We aimed to determine the fecal SCFA levels in patients with IBD in relation to disease severity and the serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Patients and Methods: The study included 61 patients with IBD (inactive, 22; active, 39) and 16 controls. Fecal levels of organic acids (acetic, lactic, propionic, butyric, isovaleric, isobutyric, and valeric), serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-17, and IL-22, complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Results: Patients with active IBD had reduced butyric, acetic, valeric, and isovaleric acid levels and elevated lactic acid levels in stool. Hemoglobin levels were positively correlated with the levels of acetic and butyric acids ( R = 0.266 and R = 0.346, respectively; P <0.05). In addition, CRP levels were inversely correlated with butyric acid levels ( R = –0.573; P <0.05). Higher serum TNF-α levels were observed in patients with active IBD compared with controls (6.64 pg/ml vs 2.05 pg/ml, P <0.05). No relationship was noted between the SCFA profile and cytokine levels. Conclusions: The study showed that determination of SCFA levels can be used to evaluate the activity of IBD. The relationship between individual SCFA and cytokine levels seems to be complex and requires further studies.},
 type={Article},
 title={Association between fecal levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and serum Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/124804/PDF-MASTER/2022-01-FMC-04-Kaczmarczyk.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/fmc.2022.141690},
 keywords={butyric acid, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, short chain fatty acids, intestinal inflammation},
}