@ARTICLE{Hołówka_Jacek_Four_2022,
 author={Hołówka, Jacek},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria},
 pages={73-109},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2022},
 publisher={Komitet Nauk Filozoficznych PAN},
 publisher={Wydział Filozofii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
 abstract={In his book Mortal Questions (1979) Thomas Nagel discusses four practical moral issues: (1) fear of death, (2) the absurdity of human life, (3) sexual perversion and (4) military massacre. His primary concern is neither to justify moral opprobrium nor to find an appropriate punishment for the culprits. Instead, he wants to clarify motives of those individuals who are not afraid of death, who can deal resolutely with the pointlessness of human life, who are not deeply dismayed by the crudity of some forms of sexual behavior or who refuse to justify whatever forms of military atrocities with higher purposes. He reviews various cases of excessive or deficient moral sensitivity and offers specific, case‑oriented advice on how to deal with them. Nagel favors self‑persuasion in cases of fear of death and argues that the sense of absurd is not much different from skepticism. He proposes to draw a line between private and public aspects of sexual behavior and supports dual evaluation of military activities by distinguishing between the moral value of an act and the moral value of the motives of the actor. He condones no atrocities. These arguments do not add up to constitute a form of moral relativism but, instead, seem to restore intellectual respectability of casuistry.},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 title={Four moral problems discussed by Thomas Nagel},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/125931/PDF-MASTER/2022-03-PFIL-05.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/pfns.2022.143326},
 keywords={absurdity of human condition, empathy, ethical neopragmatism, fear of death, general rules of ethics, military massacre, moral consistency, moral disagreement, moral opprobrium, sexual perversion},
}