@ARTICLE{Takiul_Islam_Sinterability,_2024,
 author={Takiul, Islam and Lee, Sanghaw and Hwang, Haejin},
 volume={vol. 69},
 number={No 1},
 journal={Archives of Metallurgy and Materials},
 pages={33-38},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Polish Academy of Sciences},
 publisher={Committee of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy of Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={In this study, lead-free bismuth sodium titanate (BNT; Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) powder was synthesized using wet precipitation. The sintering behavior and dielectric properties of the BNT ceramics were investigated in terms of the sintering temperature. Titanium isopropoxide, sodium nitrate, and bismuth nitrate were used as starting materials. A titanium peroxo complex (TPC) solution was synthesized using titanium hydroxide, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. A clear Bi-Na-Ti precursor solution was obtained by mixing the TPC, sodium, and bismuth nitrate solutions. The pH of the precursor solution was increased to 9 using NaOH and a white powder was precipitated. A spherical and pyrochlore phase-free BNT powders were obtained by calcining the white precipitate above 600°C for 3 h. Particle size analysis and SEM observations revealed that the BNT powder calcined at 700°C exhibited homogeneous distribution with particle size less than 300 nm. The sinterability of the BNT ceramic prepared through wet precipitation was significantly enhanced compared to that of the BNT powder prepared via the solid-state reaction of sodium carbonate, bismuth oxide, and titanium oxide powders.},
 type={Article},
 title={Sinterability, Microstructural Evolution, and Dielectric Performance of Bismuth Sodium Titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) Lead-Free Ferroelectric Ceramics},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/130908/PDF-MASTER/AMM-2024-1-06-Whang.pdf},
 keywords={Bismuth sodium titanate, Lead-free, ferroelectrics, sintering, dielectric constant},
}