TY - JOUR N2 - The paper presents national report of Poland for IAG on positioning and applications. The selected research presented was carried out at leading Polish research institutions and concern precise multi-GNSS satellite positioning – relative and absolute – and also GNSS-based ionosphere and troposphere modelling and studies. The research resulted in noticeable advancements in these subjects confirmed by the development of new algorithms and methods. New and improved methods of precise GNSS positioning were developed, and also GNSS metrology was studied. New advanced troposphere models were presented and tested. In particular, these models allowed testing IPW variability on regional and global scales. Also, new regional ionosphere monitoring web-based services were developed and launched. L1 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/98375/PDF/Art-4_Rogowski_Wielgosz.pdf L2 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/98375 PY - 2015 IS - No 2 DO - 10.1515/geocart-2015-0014 KW - precise positioning KW - troposphere KW - ionosphere KW - GPS KW - Galileo KW - GNSS A1 - Rogowski, Jerzy B. A1 - Wielgosz, Paweł PB - Commitee on Geodesy PAS VL - vol. 64 DA - 2015[2015.01.01 AD - 2015.12.31 AD] T1 - Positioning and applications UR - http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/edition/98375 T2 - Geodesy and Cartography ER -