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Number of results: 4
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Fading of Inoculation Effect in Grey Cast Iron

R. Jelínek P. Bořil M. Kaněra J. Doubrava A. Záděra
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2025 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 138-143 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2025.153783
Keywords Inoculation Inoculant Grey cast iron Thermal analysis Image analysis
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Abstract

The paper deals with the issue of inoculation of cast iron with flake graphite. In this paper, two different inoculants were chosen for the inoculation of cast iron with flake graphite and then compared. The first inoculant was the basic inoculant Alinoc, the second inoculant chosen was SB 5, which contains rare earth metals. One of the factors affecting the resulting quality of the structure and the occurrence of undesirable forms of graphite is the fading of the inoculation effect. This is due to the time delay between the time of inoculation and the casting of the metal. In this work, the graphitization effect as a function of the decay time was investigated for two different inoculants. After inoculation, samples were collected at time intervals for chill test piece, thermal analysis and chemical composition analysis using an optical spectrometer. The cast samples were subsequently subjected to metallographic evaluation of the microstructure and its quantification by image analysis of graphite.
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Bibliography

  1. Hartung, C., Michels, L. & Logan, R. (2021). The evolution of inoculants. Modern Casting. 111(10), 24-29.
  2. Lia, B.‐G., Sim, K.‐H., & Kim, R.-C. (2019). Effect of Sb–Ba–Ce–Si–Fe post inoculants on microstructural and mechanical properties of As‐cast pearlitic ductile iron. Steel research international. 90(5). https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201800530.
  3. Dwulat, R., Janerka, K. & Grzesiak, K. (2021). The influence of final inoculation on the metallurgical quality of nodular cast iron. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 21(4), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.24425/afe.2021.138673.
  4. Mrvar, P., Mihalic Pokopec, I., Petrič, M. & Bauer, B. (2018). Effect of Si and Ni addition on graphite morphology in heavy-section spheroidal graphite iron parts. Materials Science Forum. 925, 70-77. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.925.70.
  5. Nakae, H. (2008). Influence of inoculation on solidification in cast iron. International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 21(1-4), 7-10. https://doi.org/10.1179/136404608X361576.
  6. Stan, S., Firican, C., Stefan, I. & Riposan, I. (2016). Thermal analysis to optimize and control the cast iron solidification process. Solid State Phenomena. 254, 14-19. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.254.14.
  7. Stefan, E. M. & Chisamera, M. (2015). Solidification control by thermal analysis of la/ba inoculated grey cast iron. Advanced Materials Research. 1128, 35-43. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1128.35.
  8. Elkem Foundry Products. (2012). Alinoc Inoculant. YUMPU. Retrieved March 23, 2024, from https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/11944545/alinocr-inoculant-elkem.
  9. Foundry Lexicon. (2024). Chill wedge test piece. Retrieved April 23, 2024, from https://www.giessereilexikon.com/en/foundry-lexicon/Encyclopedia/show/chill-wedge-test-piece-3794/?cHash=67a9441603ce8fc97526f4b623629871.
  10. Chyla, O. (2016). Verification of the effect of inoculants on the structure of cast iron using thermal analysis. Diploma thesis, Brno University of Technology, the Czech Republic (in Czech).
  11. Controlling Metallurgy. Retrieved April 23, 2024, from https://www.novacast.se/product/
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Jelínek
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Bořil
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Kaněra
1
J. Doubrava
1
A. Záděra
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic

Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Cast Ceramic Cores Based on Ethyl Silicate

P. Bořil V. Kaňa M. Myška V. Krutiš
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2022 | vol. 22 | No 4 | 47-52 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.143949
Keywords Ethyl silicate Shaw proces Cast cores Ceramics Fibre reinforcement Mechanical properties
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Abstract

The aim of the paper is experimental verification of the influence of the composition of the ceramic mixture on the mechanical properties of cast ethyl silicate cores. Cast ceramic cores have a great potential in the production of complex castings, especially in the field of hydropower. However, the disadvantage of the cast ceramic cores is their low strength during cores removing from the core box and handling with them. The research is focused mainly on the possibilities of increasing the handling strength of the cores during removal from the core box and after their ignition. The paper investigates different ways of increasing the strength of cast ceramic cores by adjusting the composition of the ceramic mixture. Further, the research verifies the possibility of increasing the strength of ceramic cores by adding synthetic fibers to the ceramic mixture. The paper also contains the results of measuring the strength of the cores after impregnation with a solution of phosphorous binder and subsequent annealing.
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Bibliography

[1] Cihlář, J. (1993). Hydrolysis and polycondensation of ethyl silicates. 2, Hydrolysis and polycondensation of ETS40 (ethyl silicate 40). Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 7093), 253-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(93)80299-T.
[2] Doškář, J. (1976). Production of precision castings. (1st ed.). Prague: SNTL. (in Czech)
[3] Lewis, J.A. (2000). Colloidal processing of ceramics. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 83(10), 2341-2359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01560.x.
[4] Raza, N., Raza, W., Madeddu, S., Agbe, H., Kumar, R.V. & Kim, K.H. (2018). Synthesis and characterization of amorphous precipitated silica from alkaline dissolution of olivine. RSC advances. 8(57), 32651-32658. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra06257a.
[5] Doškář, J., Kaštánek, O., Gabriel, J., Valihrach, O. (1961). Precision casting in ceramic molds: designed high techn. foundry staff, work. development and research in mechanical engineering. Prague: SNTL. (in Czech).
[6] Wagh, A.S. (2004). Chemically BondedPhosphate Ceramics. 21st Century Materials with Diverse Applications. Oxford: Elsevier. Retrieved March 15, 2022, from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044505-2/50006-5
[7] Wagh, A.S. & Jeong, S.Y. (2003). Chemically bonded phosphate ceramics: i, A dissolution model of formation. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 83(11). 1838-1844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03569.x
[8] Hlaváč, J. (1988). Fundamentals of silicate technology. Prague: SNTL. (in Czech)
[9] Lü, K., Liu, X., Du, Z., & Li, Y. (2016). Bending strength and fracture surface topography of natural fiber-reinforced shell for investment casting process. China Foundry, 13, 211-216. DOI: 10.1007/s41230-016-5100-4.
[10] Lü, K., Liu, X., & Duan, Z. (2018). Effect of firing temperature and time on hybrid fiber-reinforced shell for investment casting. International Journal of Metalcasting. 13(3), 666-673. DOI: 10.1007/s40962-018-0280-x.
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Bořil
1
ORCID: ORCID
V. Kaňa
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Myška
1
ORCID: ORCID
V. Krutiš
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic

Influence of Heat Treatment and Nickel Content on the Properties of the GX4CrNi13-4 Steel

V. Kaňa V. Krutiš P. Bořil A. Záděra M. Rimko
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2021 | vol. 66 | No 1 | 37-41 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2021.134756
Keywords Martensitic steel retained austenite mechanical properties heat treatment
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Abstract

For the EN GX4CrNi13-4 martensitic stainless steel, research was conducted to investigate the impact of the quenching intensity and the content of nickel on the mechanical properties and amount of retained austenite. It was found that the amount of retained austenite significantly increases with growing nickel concentration. On the other hand, the cooling rate at quenching makes a difference only if the cooling is intensive, then amount of retained austenite decrease. A higher nickel content improves the mechanical properties. With more intensive cooling, the tensile strength decreases while the yield strength increases. The ductility is not significantly affected by the cooling intensity.

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Authors and Affiliations

V. Kaňa
ORCID: ORCID
V. Krutiš
ORCID: ORCID
P. Bořil
ORCID: ORCID
A. Záděra
ORCID: ORCID
M. Rimko

Precipitation of Sigma and Chi Phases in Cast Standard Duplex Stainless Steel

M. Myška P. Bořil V. Krutiš V. Kaňa A. Zádĕra
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 2 | 29-34 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144292
Keywords precipitation Cast duplex steel Intermetallics sigma phase Chi phase
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Abstract

This work deals with the problem of intermetallic phases in cast standard duplex steel ASTM A890 Gr 4A (generally known as 2205). The investigated steel was subjected to isothermal heat treatment in the range from 595 °C to 900 °C and in the duration from 15 minutes to 245 hours, and was also investigated in terms of anisothermal (natural) cooling after casting into the mould. The precipitation starts at grain boundaries with a consistent ferrite transformation. The work is focused on the precipitation of the sigma phase (σ) and the chi phase (χ). Examination of the microstructure was conducted using light and scanning electron microscopy. Their statistical analysis was carried out using the results of the investigations of precipitation processes in the microstructure, both within the grains and at the grain boundaries. To illustrate this impact, the surface area of precipitates was evaluated. The percentage of these intermetallic phases was calculated by measuring their area using a computer image analysis system. Based on their observations, a combined time-temperature transformation (TTT) diagram with continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves was created.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Myška
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Bořil
1
ORCID: ORCID
V. Krutiš
1
ORCID: ORCID
V. Kaňa
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Zádĕra
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic

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