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Number of results: 183
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Abstract

Zanieczyszczenia genetyczne w dobie światowego kryzysu klimatycznego to miecz obosieczny – stwarzają nie tylko nowe możliwości, lecz także ryzyko globalnej katastrofy.
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Authors and Affiliations

Weronika B. Żukowska
1

  1. Instytut Dendrologii PAN w Kórniku
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Abstract

The mathematical approach to SOFC modelling helps to reduce dependence on the experimental approach. In the current study, six different diffusion mass transfer models were compared to more accurately predict the process behavior of fuel and product diffusion for SOFC anode. The prediction accuracy of the models was extensively studied over a range of parameters. New models were included as compared to previous studies. The Knudsen diffusion phenomenon was considered in all the models. The stoichiometric flux ratio approach was used. All the models were validated against experimental data for a binary (CO-CO2) and a ternary fuel system (H2-15 H2O-Ar). For ternary system, the pressure gradient is important for pore radius below 0.6 μm and current density above 0.5 A/cm2. For binary system, the pressure gradient may be ignored. The analysis indicates that the MBFM is identified to be the best performing and versatile model under critical SOFC operating conditions such as fuel composition and cell temperature. The diffusive slip phenomenon included in MBFM is useful in SOFC operating conditions when fuel contains heavy molecules. The DGMFM is a good approximation of DGM for the binary system.
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Authors and Affiliations

P. Ramakrishnan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abanti Sahoo
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. NIT Rourkela, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rourkela, Sector-1, Sundergarh, Odisha, India, 769008
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Abstract

Martes wenzensis Stach, 1959 is the only European Pliocene marten and possible ancestor of an evolutionary lineage leading through Martes vetus Kretzoi, 1942 to Martes martes Linnæus, 1758. Its occurrence ranged between c. 3.6–2.2 Ma and its presence is recorded herein from four sites: three Polish and one Bulgarian (Varshets). The oldest record from Węże 1, dated to 3.6–3.2 Ma, is also the most abundant and the type locality for this species. Only isolated teeth came from two other Polish sites, Węże 2 and Rębielice Królewskie 1A, dated to 2.5–2.2 Ma. The visceocranium from Varshets (c. 2.5 Ma) shows intermediate features between the type specimen from Węże 1 and the Early Pleistocene M. vetus, its possible descendant. The palaeontological records corroborate well with molecular data. The comparison of marten crania from Węże 1 and Varshets shows decrease in size and massiveness of teeth during the evolution of the species. Martes wenzensis shows an admixture of features inherent to M. vetus, M. martes, and M. foina Erxleben, 1777. The species resembles more M. vetus and M. martes than M. foina. It is described as a large, robust marten, with a flat forehead, short and broad viscerocranium, wide snout, robust canines, elongated and narrow premolars and enlarged carnassials.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adrian Marciszak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Grzegorz Lipecki
2
ORCID: ORCID
Nikolai Spassov
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Palaeozoology, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wrocław, Poland
  2. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17,31-016 Kraków, Poland
  3. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Tzar Osvoboditel 1, 1000 Sofia,Bulgaria
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Abstract

Numerical analysis of the dark current (Jd) in the type-II superlattice (T2SL) barrier (nBn) detector operated at high temperatures was presented. Theoretical calculations were compared with the experimental results for the nBn detector with the absorber and contact layers in an InAs/InAsSb superlattice separated AlAsSb barrier. Detector structure was grown using MBE technique on a GaAs substrate. The k p model was used to determine the first electron band and the first heavy and light hole bands in T2SL, as well as to calculate the absorption coefficient. The paper presents the effect of the additional hole barrier on electrical and optical parameters of the nBn structure. According to the principle of the nBn detector operation, the electrons barrier is to prevent the current flow from the contact layer to the absorber, while the holes barrier should be low enough to ensure the flow of optically generated carriers. The barrier height in the valence band (VB) was adjusted by changing the electron affinity of a ternary AlAsSb material. Results of numerical calculations similar to the experimental data were obtained, assuming the presence of a high barrier in VB which, at the same time, lowered the detector current responsivity.

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Bibliography

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  2. Olson, B. et al. Identification of dominant recombination mecha-nisms in narrow-bandgap InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattices and InAsSb alloys. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 052106 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4817400
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Kopytko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Emilia Gomółka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tetiana Manyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krystian Michalczewski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Kubiszyn
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jarosław Rutkowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Martyniuk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, 2. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Vigo System S.A., Poznańska 129/133, 05-850 Ożarów Mazowiecki, Poland
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Abstract

While the Sun energy is one of the main factors that supports terrestrial life, solar eruptions can sometimes wreak great havoc on Earth. One of the centers working to observe and forecast space weather is the Space Research Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
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Authors and Affiliations

Iwona Stanisławska
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Abstract

On the cultural diplomacy of Polish poet Wisława Szymborska.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Rusinek
1

  1. Department of Polish Studies, Chair of Communication Theory, Jagiellonian University in Krakow
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Abstract

Over the past 15 years Poland has seen changes in how people form and raise a family, meaning the process of marriage and procreation. Increasingly fewer children are being born, and women are deciding to marry and to have their first child at an increasingly later age.
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Authors and Affiliations

Irena E. Kotowska
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Abstract

The teaming up of hydrology and ecology offers one source of hope that the world's water crisis might be kept under control. But how can hydrology, a technology-oriented field, be integrated with ecology, which prioritizes living organisms?
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Zalewski
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Abstract

Metals are useful raw materials used in various industries. But one of the side-effects of their production is pollution of the marine environment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Bełdowski
1
Magdalena Bełdowska
2

  1. PAS Institute of Oceanology in Sopot
  2. Faculty of Oceanography and Geography,University of Gdańsk
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Abstract

The star-studded night sky has fascinated humankind since the dawn of time. Today, as we grow closer and closer to discovering a new Earthlike planet, our fascination with the skies has not weakened. On the contrary - our enchantment is approaching its zenit.
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Authors and Affiliations

Milena Ratajczak
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Abstract

Antarctica is a land of surprises. How low are the lowest temperatures ever recorded there? Is there life at –50°C? Is there anywhere on the continent tourists can actually enjoy swimming?

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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Rakusa-Suszczewski

Authors and Affiliations

Marek Okólski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Committee of Human Migration Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
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Abstract

PAS archaeologists have discovered an extraordinary necropolis in central Poland. It indicates that Duke (and later King) Bolesław Chrobry's knights came from extremely diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds: Slavic, Scandinavian, Varangian-Ruthenian, and Khazar.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Buko
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Abstract

Today's technology makes it possible to analyze genetic samples up to a million years old. Perhaps one day the aurochs will make a comeback to Poland's forests, thanks to Polish scientists.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ryszard Słomski
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Abstract

There has only been one occasion in the history of the Nobel Prize when a mother and daughter were awarded a total of three prizes. This feat was achieved by Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Irene Curie-Joliot.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Gawin
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Abstract

Because bats live clandestine lives, many of their customs remain understudied. Yet research has uncovered that their criteria in choosing homes are very similar to those of humans: they prefer dry, sturdily built, warm and safe places to live.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wiesław Bogdanowicz
Ireneusz Ruczyński
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Abstract

The environment is crucial to socioeconomic development and to human well-being. Properly performed spatial planning efforts allow the natural environment to be shaped in a rational way, by identifying the possibilities and directions for its development.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Legutko-Kobus
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw School of Economics

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