Phytophthora citricola constituted about 70% of all Phytophthora isolates recovered from rhododendron leaves used as baits for detection of that group of organisms in water. The species was found in 4 rivers, 2 hardy nursery water reservoirs and nursery drainage canal from May to October, 2006. Analysis of spots’ number on rhododendron leaf baits as a measure of P. citricola density showed that place of holding baits had a significant influence on the species occurrence. Significantly more spots, especially in July survey, were observed on baits held in Skierniewka and Zwierzynka rivers swimming through agricultural and forest area than in Ner, the river of horticultural area. Significantly more spots/rhododendron leaves were observed when they were held in rivers downstream of nursery and in the middle of hardy nursery borders. In nursery water containers and drainage canal higher Phytophthora density was recorded in August than in other periods of surveying. Using water from reservoir for sprinkling of Picea omorika nursery trees caused the development of tip blight and from diseased twigs P. citricola was isolated.
The use of virtual reality (VR) has been exponentially increasing and due to that many researchers have started to work on developing new VR based social media. For this purpose it is important to have an avatar of the user which look like them to be easily generated by the devices which are accessible, such as mobile phones. In this paper, we propose a novel method of recreating a 3D human face model captured with a phone camera image or video data. The method focuses more on model shape than texture in order to make the face recognizable. We detect 68 facial feature points and use them to separate a face into four regions. For each area the best fitting models are found and are further morphed combined to find the best fitting models for each area. These are then combined and further morphed in order to restore the original facial proportions. We also present a method of texturing the resulting model, where the aforementioned feature points are used to generate a texture for the resulting model.
Polarimetric optical fiber sensors based on highly birefringent (HB) polarization-maintaining fibers have focused great interest for last decades. The paper presents a novel modular fiber optic sensing system of potential industrial applications to measure temperature, hydrostatic pressure, and strain that is based on classical HB and photonic crystal fibers and can operate at visible and infrared wavelengths. The main idea of the system is a novel and replaceable fiber-optic head, which allows adjusting the measuring system both to the required range and type (strain, pressure or temperature) of the external measurand. We propose also a new configuration of the fiber optic strain gauge with a free cylinder and an all-fiber built-in analyzer based on the photonic crystal fiber filled with a liquid crystal. Additionally, strain sensitivities of various HB fibers operating at visible and infrared wavelengths range have been measured.
Heat pipes, as passive elements show a high level of reliability when taking heat away and they can take away heat flows having a significantly higher density than systems with forced convection. A heat pipe is a hermetically closed duct, filled with working fluid. Transport of heat in heat pipes is procured by the change of state of the working fluid from liquid state to steam and vice versa and depends on the hydrodynamic and heat processes in the pipe. This study have been focused on observing the impact these processes have on the heat process, the transport of heat within the heat pipe with the help of thermovision. The experiment is oriented at scanning the changes in the surface temperatures of the basic structural types of capillary heat pipes in vertical position.