The aim of this contribution is to derive a general matrix formula for the net period premium paid in more than one state. In order to avoid “overpayment” which implies higher premiums we give a formula for replacement of lump sum benefit into annuity benefits paid in more than one state. The obtained result is useful for example to more advanced models of dread disease insurances allowing period premiums paid by both healthy and ill person (e.g. not terminally yet). As an application, we supply analysis of dread disease insurances against the risk of lung cancer based on the actual data for the Lower Silesian Voivodship in Poland.

The article discusses data processing in e-Maritime systems. Operations within those systems are automatic, yet the actual system machinery is poorly understood by lawyers. The authors call for greater involvement of scholars and practicing lawyers in e-Maritime development.

The article analyses e-Maritime systems as implemented by Singapore Port and the european e-Maritime initiative. Furthermore, the authors examine electronic documents in Polish administrative and civil law — in particular, electronic bill of lading, NCTS communication, electronic transport records, electronic billing and the Internet of Things.

This article examines the history of periodicals which have been published in Sandomierz, or had an ongoing interest in the town, since 1816, when the first publication of this kind went into print. Apart from the Polish segment, the article covers periodicals in Latin, German, English, Russian and Dutch. So far c. 230 items on wide range of themes have been sourced to Sandomierz.