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Działalność międzynarodowa

Anna Plater-Zyberk
ACADEMIA. Magazyn Polskiej Akademii Nauk | 2022 | No 1 (69) Nauka dla nauki | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAN.2021.140137
Keywords współpraca międzynarodowa wymiana naukowa granty europejskie
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Abstract

W ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad polskie uczelnie i instytuty badawcze dokonały znacznego postępu w umiędzynarodowieniu swojej działalności. Polska Akademia Nauk również podjęła wiele działań wzmacniających współpracę między badaczami i badaczkami z PAN a ich partnerami za granicą.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Plater-Zyberk
1
  1. Biuro Współpracy z Zagranicą PAN

Energy-optimal current distribution in a complex linear electrical network with pulse or periodic voltage and current signals. Optimal control

M. Siwczyński S. Żaba A. Drwal
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2016 | 64 | No 1 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.1515/bpasts-2016-0006
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Siwczyński
S. Żaba
A. Drwal

Science Collaboration Across Borders

Anna Plater-Zyberk
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2022 | No 1 (73) Science for Science | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2022.142704
Keywords international cooperation academic exchange ERC grants
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Abstract

Over the past two decades, Polish higher education institutions and research institutes have made significant progress in internationalizing their activity. Likewise, the Polish Academy of Sciences has taken many steps to boost the collaboration between the PAS researchers and their partners abroad.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Plater-Zyberk
1
  1. Office for International Cooperation, PAS

Waste as substrates for agricultural biogas plants: A case study from Poland

Wojciech Czekała Jakub Pulka Tomasz Jasiński Piotr Szewczyk Wiktor Bojarski Jan Jasiński
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 56 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.143743
Keywords biofuels biogas plant circular economy renewable energy waste management waste to energy
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Abstract

Energy production from renewable sources is one of the main ways to fight against global warming. Anaerobic digestion process can be used to produce biogas containing methane. In the light of the growing demand for substrates, a variety of raw materials are required. These substrates should be suitable for anaerobic digestion, and processing them need to provide the desired amount of energy.
This paper aims to discuss the agricultural biogas market in Poland, its current state, and the possibility of development during energy transformation, in particular in terms of using waste as a substrate for energy production. In February 2022, there were 130 agricultural biogas plants registered in Poland. On the other hand, in 2020, 4,409,054.898 Mg of raw materials were used to produce agricultural biogas in Poland. Among all the substrates used, waste played a special role.
With the right amount of raw materials and proper management of a biogas plant, it is possible to produce electricity and provide stable and predictable heat supply. Bearing in mind the development of the Polish and European biogas markets, attention should be paid to ensure access to raw materials from which chemical energy in the form of biogas can be generated. Due to limited access to farmland and the increasing demand for food production, one should expect that waste will be increasingly often used for biogas production, especially that with high energy potential, such as waste related to animal production and the meat industry.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Czekała
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jakub Pulka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Jasiński
2
Piotr Szewczyk
3
Wiktor Bojarski
1
Jan Jasiński
1
  1. Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biosystems Engineering, 50 Wojska Polskiego St, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
  2. WP2 Investments Sp. z o.o., Kąty Wrocławskie, Poland
  3. The Municipal Association “Clean Town, Clean Municipality”, Kalisz, Poland

Statistical analysis of groundwater quality at Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate

Megersa Olumana Dinka
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 53 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.140778
Keywords correlation groundwater quality principal component quality parameters statistical analysis
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Abstract

Quality assessment of shallow groundwater table is very important because it is the water that recharges deeper aquifers and constantly feeds the water levels of our surface streams and wetlands. Continuous monitoring of large number of quality parameters is essential for effective maintenance of water quality through appropriate control measures. However, it is very difficult and laborious task for regular monitoring of all the parameters even if adequate manpower and laboratory facilities are available. Therefore, this study presents the statistical analysis of physico- chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl, CO3, SO4, TH, B, F) using correlation and Principal Component Analysis. The statistical analysis of the groundwater quality variables indicated that most of the variables are highly correlated. The strong correlation is an opportunity to develop a regression equation and monitor using few parameters. This provides an easy and rapid method of continuous groundwater quality monitoring. Moreover, groundwater of the area showed significant compositional variation. The compositional variability has implications for the source and origin of groundwater quality in the study area.
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Authors and Affiliations

Megersa Olumana Dinka
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Johannesburg, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Department of Civil Engineering Sciences, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006 Johannesburg, South Africa

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Impedance and Optical Properties of Tm-Doped SrBi2Nb2O9 Ceramics

Mohamed Afqir Stevan Stojadinović Mohamed Elaatmani Abdelouahad Zegzouti Nabiha Tahiri Mohamed Daoud
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 1 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.137470
Keywords hydrothermal microstructure impendence luminescent
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Abstract

In this study, Strontium Bismuth Niobate (SrBi2-xTmxNb2O9 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) doped by Tm was synthesized using by the hydrothermal method. The microstructure and electrical properties were mainly investigated. XRD analysis showed a single-phase orthorhombic structure for Tm-doped SrBi2Nb2O9 samples. The crystallite size is anisotropic and the strain is apparently independent of Tm amount. Dielectric properties for doped SrBi2Nb2O9 with Tm3+ ion have the same trend discussed for the pure sample. FTIR resulats showed that NbO6 octahedral is formed, on one hand, and on the other hand, it shows that spectras for doped and undoped samples are nearly the same. The Cross-section of ceramics showed the plate-like morphology, also the distribution of the pore in ceramics are observed for all samples. Tm dopants produce only minor changes in the impendence parameter values at room temperature. The luminescent (PL) properties of Tm-doped SrBi2Nb2O9 ceramic powders were investigated. The optimum Tm3+ concentration for the maximum PL intensity was found to be at x = 0.075.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mohamed Afqir
1
ORCID: ORCID
Stevan Stojadinović
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mohamed Elaatmani
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abdelouahad Zegzouti
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nabiha Tahiri
1
Mohamed Daoud
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Laboratoire des Sciences des Matériaux et Optimisation des Procédés, Marrakech, Morocco
  2. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics, Studentskitrg 12-16, Belgrade, Serbia

Effect of Mischmetal on the Microstructure of the Magnesium Alloy AZ91

D. Mikusek C. Rapiejko D. Walisiak T. Pacyniak
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2019 | vol. 19 | No 4 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2019.129628
Keywords Metallography Solidification process Magnesium alloys Mischmetal DTA process
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Abstract

In this paper is discussed the effect of the inoculant mischmetal addition on the microstructure of the magnesium alloy AZ91. The concentration of the inoculant was increased in the samples within the range from 0.1% up to 0.6%. The thermal process was performed with the use of Derivative and Thermal Analysis (DTA). A particular attention was paid to finding the optimal amount of the inoculant, which causes fragmentation of the microstructure. The concentration of each element was verified with use of a spark spectrometer. In addition, the microstructures of every samples were examined with the use of an optical microscope and also was performed an image analysis with a statistical analysis using the NIS–Elements program. The point of those analyses was to examine the differences in the grain diameters of phase αMg and eutectic αMg+γ(Mg17Al12) in the prepared samples as well as the average size of each type of grain by way of measuring their perimeters. This paper is the second part of the introduction into a bigger research on grain refinement of magnesium alloys, especially AZ91. Another purpose of this research is to achieve better microstructure fragmentation of magnesium alloys without the relevant changes of the chemical composition, which should improve the mechanical properties.

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Authors and Affiliations

D. Mikusek
C. Rapiejko
ORCID: ORCID
D. Walisiak
T. Pacyniak
ORCID: ORCID

S1 gene based phylogeny of Israel variant-2 infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Turkey in a five year period

İ.B. Müştak H.K. Müştak N. Bilgen
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140839
Keywords broilers genotyping infectious bronchitis virus molecular epidemiology Israel variant 2
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Abstract

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important disease that causes severe economic loses in the poultry industry worldwide. Furthermore, the spread of new variants poses a challenge for diagnosis and control of the disease. This study investigated the situation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), specifically the Israel variant-2 (IS var-2) also known as GI-23 genotype, in Turkey. Between 2014 and 2019, 214 flocks vaccinated against H120 from Marmara, Western Black Sea, and Inner Anatolia were examined, with 127 (59.3%) flocks testing positive for IBV, of which 92 (72.4%) were positive for IS var-2. Of the latter samples, 60 were randomly selected and subjected to full S1 gene sequencing. The analysis indicated that the field strain in Turkey was located on the same branch as the GI-23 genotype, which is one of the most frequently observed wild-type cluster found in the Middle East. The DNA similarities between the GI-23 isolates from 2014 to 2019 were 99%. In conclusion, the IS var-2 genotype has been circulating in broiler flocks in Turkey. It is recommended that establishing the vaccine strategy it should be considered the current circulating strains for the prevention and control of the disease among poultry.
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Authors and Affiliations

İ.B. Müştak
1
H.K. Müştak
1
N. Bilgen
2
  1. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, İrfan Baştuğ street, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, İrfan Baştuğ street, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey

Smart non-destractive test of a concrete wall using a hammer

Atsushi Ito Masafumi Koike Katsuhiko Hibino
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2024 | vol. 70 | No 1 | 45–50 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2024.149513
Keywords hammering test non-destructive testing neural network transfer learning
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Abstract

Large concrete structures such as buildings, bridges, and tunnels are aging. In Japan and many other countries, those built during economic reconstruction after World War II are about 60 to 70 years old, and flacking and other problems are becoming more noticeable. Periodic inspections were made mandatory by government and ministerial ordinance during the 2013-2014 fiscal year, and inspections based on the new standards have just begun. There are various methods to check the soundness of concrete, but the hammering test is widely used because it does not require special equipment. However, long experience is required to master the hammering test. Therefore, mechanization is desired. Although the difference between the sound of a defective part and a normal part is very small, we have shown that neural network is useful in our research. To use this technology in the actual field, it is necessary to meet the forms of concrete structures in various conditions. For example, flacking in concrete exists at various depths, and it is impossible to learn about flacking in all cases. This paper presents the results of a study of the possibility of finding flacking at different depths with a single inspection learning model and an idea to increase the accuracy of a learning model when we use a rolling hammer.
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Authors and Affiliations

Atsushi Ito
1
ORCID: ORCID
Masafumi Koike
2
Katsuhiko Hibino
3
  1. Faculty of Economics, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
  2. Department of Engineering, Utsunomiya University,Tochigi, Japan
  3. Port Denshi Corporation, Tokyo, Japan

Floral diversity of plant communities in field balks

Teresa Skrajna Agnieszka Bogusz
Studia Quaternaria | 2020 | vol. 37 | Iss. 1 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2019.126393
Keywords marginal habitats segetal species agricultural landscape Poland
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Abstract

The aim of the research was to study the floristic richness of balks, i.e. uncultivated strips separating fields, and to research the dependence of plant communities there on habitat conditions and adjacent crops. The share of segetal species in those communities was also analysed. In the western part of the Siedlce Plateau 70 balks among intensively cultivated fields were examined in 2016–2018. The balks divided fields with corn, winter cereals and spring cereal mixtures. The research was conducted with the Braun-Blanquet method, with 110 phytosociological relevés results used as study material. The flora specified this way was analysed in terms of biological structure, forms of life, persistence, historical and geographical spectrum, species rarity and presence of invasive species. In addition, the interdependence between the species richness of balks and habitat conditions as well as the type of neighbouring crops was studied. Habitat conditions were established with the Ellenberg indicator values, based on indicative species and taking into account light, temperature, moisture, soil reaction and nitrogen content. The development and floristic diversity of balk plant communities as ecotone areas were largely influenced by a proximity of arable fields and habitat conditions, especially by soil moisture and the amount of nitrogen. Balk flora consisted of vascular plants with 161 species, mainly apophytes. Those were mostly perennial species, hemikryptophytes. Among the most common field weeds from the class of Stellarietea mediae, 25 species were identified in balks. There were 26 rare and endangered species and 14 species having the status of invasive taxa.

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Authors and Affiliations

Teresa Skrajna
Agnieszka Bogusz

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