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Number of results: 18
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of experiments on metallization of plastic elements produced using 3D printing technology from the light-hardened resins. The obtained coatings were bimetallic (Cu/Ni). The first step of metallization was the electroless deposition of copper. The second one was electrodeposition of nickel on the previously prepared copper substrate. The parameters of 3D prints preparation and metallization processes were deeply investigated. The etching of plastics substrates and duration of electroless metallization of 3D prints by copper were analyzed. In the next step the influence of nickel electrodeposition time was investigated. The coating were analyzed by XRD method and morphology of surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thickness of coatings was calculated based on mass differences and measured by using optical microscopy method. The optimal parameters for both processes were specified.
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Kowalik
D. Kutyła
A. Kwiecińska
P. Żabiński
K. Kołczyk
W. Zborowski
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Abstract

3D printing is a technology with possibilities related to the production of elements of any geometry, directly from a digital project. Elements made of plastic are metalized to give new properties such as conductivity or corrosion resistance. In this work, experimental work related to the electroless deposition of metallic coatings on plastics was carried out. For this purpose, the copper and nickel coatings were catalytically deposited on elements printed using hard-lightened resin. The effect of the metallization time on the properties of copper and nickel coatings was determined. In addition, the process of deposition metals in the magnetic field was analyzed with different direction of magnetic field to the surface of the samples. The coatings were analyzed by XRF, XRD method and morphology of surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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Authors and Affiliations

K. Kołczyk-Siedlecka
K. Skibińska
D. Kutyła
A. Kwiecińska
R. Kowalik
P. Żabiński
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Abstract

This work presents the studies on the electrochemical process of thin palladium layers formation onto electrodeposited cobalt coatings. The suggested methodology consists of the preparation of thick and smooth cobalt substrate via galvanostatic electrodeposition. Cobalt coatings were prepared under different cathodic current density conditions from acidic bath containing cobalt sulphate and addition of boric acid. Obtained cobalt layers were analyzed by x-ray diffraction to determine their phase composition. Freshly prepared cobalt coatings were modificated by the galvanic displacement method in PdCl2 solution, to obtain smooth and compact Pd layer. The comparison of electrocatalytic properties of Co coatings with Co/Pd ones enabled to determine the influence of Palladium presence in cathodic deposits on the hydrogen evolution process.

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Authors and Affiliations

K. Skibińska
D. Kutyła
K. Kołczyk
A. Kwiecińska
R. Kowalik
P. Żabiński
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Abstract

Corrosion is a main problem for longtime exploration of heat exchangers in automotive industry. Proper selection of accelerated corrosion test for newly developed material is a key aspect for aluminum industry. The selection of material based on corrosion test includes test duration, chemical spray composition, temperature and number of cycles. The paper present comparison of old and newly developed accelerated corrosion tests for testing automotive heat exchanger. The accelerated test results are comprised with heat exchanger taken from market after life cycle.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ł. Biało
T. Grodniewicz
P. Żabiński
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

In this paper, the kinetics of the platinum(IV) chloride complex ions reduction reaction was studied. It was shown that the mechanism exhibits autocatalytic character. The presence of metallic platinum in the system significantly increases the reaction rate. The influence of the initial concentration of precursor, reductant, ionic strength, initial concentration of the chloride ions as well as the temperature on the process rate was investigated. The activation energy was determined and is equal to 93.57 kJ/mol. Moreover, the obtained metallic phase was analyzed, and it was observed that it has a micrometric size.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Wojnicki
P. Żabiński
ORCID: ORCID
Edit Csapó
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Abstract

Packaging steels are thin gauge flat carbon steels coated with tin or chrome on both sides. They are very important raw materials for the production of steel packaging, which allow food to be stored safely and with an extended shelf life. The publication focuses on the production process of ETP and ECCS steel, as well as the problem of corrosion of steel packaging.

The topic of legislative changes that require the elimination of chromium (VI) compounds from the steel passivation process was also discussed. The packaging steel industry is currently facing the need to develop a new passivation technology. Leading packaging steel manufacturers in cooperation with varnish and paint suppliers have developed chromium (VI) free technologies by implementing chromium (III) compounds and titanium oxide technology.

Authors focus also on new trends and potential development directions for the packaging steel industry.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Słowik
P. Cępa
K. Czapla
P. Żabiński
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This paper presents a method of synthesizing copper powders by electrochemical method with the use of a rotating working electrode. The influence of the rotation speed of the working electrode, the current density, the concentration of copper ions, and the addition of ethylene glycol on the shape, size, and size distribution of the obtained powders were investigated. Properties of the synthesized powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD). It has been shown that it is possible to obtain copper powders with a size of 1 µm by an electrochemical method using the rotary cathode, in sulphate bath with addition of ethylene glycol as a surfactant. Increasing current density causes a decrease in the average size of the obtained powder particles. The addition of 2.5% of ethylene glycol prevents the formation of dendritic powders. The change in the concentration of copper ions in the range from 0.01 to 0.15 mol/dm3 in the electrolyte did not show any significant effect on the size of obtained particles. However, higher concentrations of copper limiting the presence of dendritic-shape particles. Changing the speed of rotation of the electrode affects both the size and the shape of synthesized copper powder. For the rotational speed of the electrode of 115 rpm, the obtained powders have a size distribution in the range of 0-3 µm and an average particle size of 1 µm. The particles had a polygonal shape with an agglomeration tendency.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Wojtaszek
1
F. Cebula
1
B. Partyka
1
P. Deszcz
1
G. Włoch
1
R.P. Socha
2
K. Woźny
2
P. Żabiński
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Wojnicki
1 2

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  2. CBRTP SA Research and Development Center of Technology for Industry, Ludwika Waryńskiego 3A, 00-645 Warszawa, Poland
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Abstract

In this work the conical Ni structures were obtained from an electrolyte containing NH4Cl as a crystal modifier. This process is called one-step method and allows to cover large areas with micro- and nanostructures during a single electrodeposition. Presence of NH4Cl promotes a vertical direction of structure growth in order to block a horizontal one. Additionally, this method does not require using chromic acid solution, which is dangerous for the environment. Due to the ferromagnetic properties of Ni, obtained coatings could be applied as magnetic devices. The influence of the parameters such as a preparation of copper substrate, a composition of electrolyte and electrodeposition conditions (time, the electrolyte temperature and current density) was investigated in this work.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

K. Skibińska
1
ORCID: ORCID
S. Semeniuk
1
D. Kutyła
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Kołczyk-Siedlecka
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Jędraczka
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Żabiński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

In this work the nickel-based coatings were obtained by electroless catalytic deposition on light-hardened resins dedicated for 3D printing by SLA method. The effect of external magnetic field application on the properties of nickel-based coatings was determined. During metallization, the magnetic field was applied to the sample’s surface with different orientations. Due to the magnetic properties of metallic ions, the influence of the magnetic field on coatings properties is expected. The coatings were analyzed by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ED S) the X-Ray diffraction (XRD ) methods, and surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalytic properties in a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER ) were measured by electrochemical method in 1 M NaOH solution. The best catalytic activity has been observed in the case of the ternary Ni-Fe-P alloy deposited under a parallel magnetic field. The primary outcome of the presented research is to produce elements based on 3D printing from resins, which can then be metallized and used for highly-active materials deposited on complex 3D models. Furthermore, these elements can be used as low-cost, highly-developed sensors and catalysts for various chemical processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Kołczyk-Siedlecka
1
ORCID: ORCID
D. Kutyła
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Skibińska
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Jędraczka
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Żabiński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland

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