The use of the seas for military purposes consists of a broad and complex range of activities. We can divide these activities into two categories of users' rights. The first is the right tofreedom ofnavigation, and the second is the right to conduct operational activities. The Navy of a maritime power is the main defender and executive agent ofthese rights. The relations between maritime law and the military exploitation of the oceans, on one hand, 'and maritime law and the structure of power within the international system, on the other hand, are dynamic rather than static ones. They should be considered together in connection with planning for national security. Naval powers have a right to declare that the right to exploit the oceans for military purposes also extends to and beyond exclusive areas of economic

A military danger zone is a specially designated part ofthe open sea, together with the air space above it, which is temporarily or permanently given over to purposes of conducting experiments with new types of weaponry and technology, and to that of training naval forces under conditions that are as close to real ones as possible. Third party states have only limited access to military danger zones, or are forbidden to use them altogether. Officially declaring part of the sea a danger area protects the safety of international maritime navigation and air transport while dangerous military activities are being conducted in that area.