O zwrocie ku czułości w projektowaniu, czyli przesunięciach dizajnu w kierunku relacji, emocji i empatii.
The paper concentrates on the possibilities of checking the extent to which cities meet the smart city concept. The presented concept concentrates on one of the main smart cities characteristic: smart environment. This paper is a result of joint work of specialist from two diff erent areas: management and environmental protection. The interdisciplinary character of the paper is characteristic for smart cities.
The aim of the presented research was to analyse the pollution of the Kozłowa Góra Dam Reservoir
with PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180) and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cr). The investigated water
and bottom sediments were sampled from two sampling points in November, 2009. The sampling points were
located in the southern part of the Kozłowa Góra Dam Reservoir. The samples of bottom sediments were taken
from the surface layer of 5 cm thickness. The extraction of PCBs from the bottom sediments was performed
according to the EPA 3550B standard. For the sequential extraction analysis of metals from the sampled bottom
sediments, the method suggested by Tessier was applied. Based on the obtained results the water and bottom
sediments from the Kozłowa Góra Dam Reservoir were polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls. The highest
concentration of the investigated PCB congeners in bottom sediments was determined in the sampling point
No. 1 (2.78 µg/kg d.m.), whereas in the sampling point No. 2 this level was over 20-fold lower which might
result from the inflow of these compounds with the waters of the Brynica river. In both sampling points the investigated bottom sediments were predominated by higher chlorinated PCBs with comparable contents of 86%
and 85%, respectively. The level of pollution in the investigated bottom sediments (calculated per dry matter)
with polychlorinated biphenyls did not exceed the level of TEL (< 0.02 mg/kg). The PEL value (3.5 mg/kg) was
exceeded in the case of cadmium in the bottom sediment from the sampling point No. 2 and also lead (91 mg/kg)
from both sampling points. The first two fractions with the mobile forms of metals are the most sensitive fractions to any changes of the environmental conditions in the benthic zone. In those fractions significant contents
of lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc were observed.
On the shift toward tender sensitivity – the role of relations, emotions, and empathy in design.
In studying contemporary transformations of social relations and family life, researchers and social theorists have been focused on the increased diversity of forms of bonding, coupling and other interpersonal connections. When single people are discussed, either it is to emphasize the disintegration of their ties and the crisis of the family, or their single life is considered as an identity choice. The aim of this text is to look at the experience of singleness not by choice among contemporary corporate employees in Poland and to try to set this experience against the background of a broader social reality, especially the reality of professional work. The text also examines the relationship between relational forms (including being single) and the social system in late capitalism. The experiences of people who are not single by choice are discussed and contrasting variants for people whose single situation is associated with low interpersonal skills and for those with an interactional proficiency are distinguished. In the conclusion, the authors are looking for patterns of connection between being unwillingly single and operating on the late capitalist labour market.
The investigations were carried out in order to assess the effect of thermophilic fermentation on
changes in concentration of seven congeners with codes: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180 in sewage sludge.
The total concentration of PCBs was the highest before the process of thermophilic fermentation. On the tenth
day of the process of fermentation it was found that the total concentration of LCB doubled the previous level,
whereas in higher chlorinated PCBs this value decreased twice. After the process of thermophilic digestion,
all the determined congeners of PCBs were still present. However, their total concentration was reduced by
84% on the fourteenth day of the process. Low concentration of heavy metal ions in the liquid phase of sewage
sludge was observed. The metal ions precipitated and remained bound throughout the stabilization process.
Metal speciation analysis was performed, and revealed some changes in the chemical forms of the metals during the stabilization process of sludge. The highest increase of zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, and chromium
concentration was observed in the organic-sulfide fraction, whereas the highest increase of lead was found in
the residual fraction. Thermophilic methane fermentation did not cause the accumulation of heavy metals in the
mobile fractions of sludge.
The paper presents findings of a research project aimed at a reconstruction of the dynamics of biographical experiences of some of those categories of the Polish society’s members whose educational and professional careers have been shaped by the systemic transformation after 1989. The text is an attempt to delineate analytical guidelines for grasping how some components of three types of social order, conceived in terms of premodernity, modernity and postmodernity, interpenetrating each other in the contemporary life of the society, impact its members’ biographical experiences on the level of work, social ties and identity.
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