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Three-Dimensional Simulation of the Fracture System Distribution in Formation Rock Based on Fractal Method

Wei Li Huan Zhao Meiling Liu Siqi Li Wenfeng Sun Lei Wang
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 2 | DOI: 10.24425/122456
Keywords hydraulic fracturing fractal dimension natural fracture fracturing fracture numerical simulation
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Abstract

Lower Carboniferous limestone has been extracted in the “Czatkowice” open-pit hill-slope quarry in southern Poland since 1947, for the needs of metallurgical and building industries, as well as farming. We can distinguish two aquifers in the Czatkowice area: the Quaternary porous aquifer and the Carboniferous fissure-porous one. Two vertical zones representing different hydrodynamic characteristics can be indentified in the Carboniferous formations. One is a weathering zone and the other one the zone of fissures and interbedding planes. Groundwater inflows into the quarry workings have been observed at the lowest mining level (+315 m above the sea level (asl)) for over 30 years. This study concerns two hypotheses of the sources of such inflows originating either from (a) the aeration zone or from (b) the saturation zone. Inflows into the quarry combine into one stream flowing gravitationally to the doline under the pile in the western part of the quarry. This situation does not cause a dewatering need. Extending eastward mining and lowering of the exploitation level lead to increased inflows.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wei Li
Huan Zhao
Meiling Liu
Siqi Li
Wenfeng Sun
Lei Wang

Characteristic of carbon dioxide absorption by cereals in Poland and China

Lucjan Pawłowski Małgorzata Pawłowska Wojciech Cel Lei Wang Chong Li Tingting Mei
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management | 2019 | vol. 35 | No 1 | 165-176 | DOI: 10.24425/gsm.2019.128205
Keywords climate change carbon dioxide emissions terrestrial ecosystems carbon dioxide sequestration photosynthesis
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Abstract

The reports of Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change indicate that the growing emission of greenhouse gases, produced from the combustion of fossil fuels, mainly carbon dioxide, leads to negative climate changes. Therefore, the methods of mitigating the greenhouse gases emission to the atmosphere, especially of carbon dioxide, are being sought. Numerous studies are focused on so-called geological sequestration, i.e. injecting carbon dioxide to appropriate geological strata or ocean waters. One of the methods, which are not fully utilized, is the application of appropriate techniques in agriculture. The plant production in agriculture is based on the absorption of carbon dioxide in the photosynthesis process. Increasing the plant production directly leads to the absorption of carbon dioxide. Therefore, investigation of carbon dioxide absorption by particular crops is a key issue. In Poland, ca. 7.6 mln ha of cereals is cultivated, including: rye, wheat, triticale, oat and barley. These plants absorb approximately 23.8 mln t C annually, including 9.8 mln t C/yr in grains, 9.4 mln t C/yr in straw and 4.7 mln t C/yr in roots. The China, these cereals are cultivated on the area over 24 mln ha and absorb 98.9 mln t C/yr, including 55 mln tC/yr in grains, 36 in straw, and 7.9 mln t C/yr in roots. The second direction for mitigating the carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere involves substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy sources to deliver primary energy. Cultivation of winter cereals as cover crops may lead to the enhancement of carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere in the course of their growth. Moreover, the produced biomass can be used for energy generation.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lucjan Pawłowski
Małgorzata Pawłowska
Wojciech Cel
Lei Wang
Chong Li
Tingting Mei

Application of MoO3 as an efficient catalyst for wet air oxidation treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater (Experimental and DFT study)

Chen Chen Ting Cheng Lei Wang Yuan Tian Qin Deng Yisu Shi
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2021 | vol. 47 | No 2 | 47-60 | DOI: 10.24425/aep.2021.137277
Keywords wet air oxidation catalytic wet air oxidation pharmaceutical wastewater DFT
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Abstract

In this work, a highly effective catalyst (MoO3) is synthesized and applied for catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. The catalyst is systematically characterized to investigate the morphology, crystal structure and chemical composition, and the findings demostrated that MoO3 catalyst is successfully synthesized. The degradation mechanism is also illustrated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The degradation experiments confirm that MoO3 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance in CWAO, and the removal rate of TOC (Total Organic Carbon) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is achieved to more than 93%. The catalyst doses, reaction temperature and reaction time have a significant impact on the removal of pollutants. The degradation process of pollutants in CWAO could be satisfactorily fitted by the second-order kinetics. Besides, MoO3 displays a favorable stability as CWAO catalyst. DFT calculation illustrates that MoO3 catalyst is a typical indirect band gap semiconductor. Moreover, the high temperature environment provides the thermal excitation energy, which favors to the free electrons nearing Fermi level to escape the material surface, and excites them to the conduction band, then directly reduces the pollutants in CWAO. These findings demonstrate that MoO3 can be used as an efficient and excellent catalyst for CWAO of pharmaceutical wastewater.
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Authors and Affiliations

Chen Chen
1
Ting Cheng
2
Lei Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yuan Tian
1
Qin Deng
1
Yisu Shi
1
  1. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, China
  2. School of Environmental Ecology, Jiangsu City Vocational College, China

Bonding Properties of TiAlCrSiN Coating / WC-8Co Cemented Carbide with Microtextured Surface

ManFeng Gong GuangFa Liu Meng Li XiaoQun Xia Lei Wang JianFeng Wu ShanHua Zhang Fang Mei
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 4 | 1563-1570 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.146223
Keywords cemented carbide Coating Microtexture Mechanical properties Interface bonding strength
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Abstract

WC-8Co cemented carbide was prepared by a high-temperature liquid phase sintering in argon at 5-200 Pa. Three microtextured grooves with a spacing of 500, 750, and 1000 μm were prepared on the surface of WC-8Co cemented carbide. TiAlCrSiN multi-element hard coating was deposited on the WC-8Co cemented carbide microtextured surface with multi-arc ion plating technology. The Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of coated and uncoated WC-8Co cemented carbide with or without a microtextured surface were investigated. The effect of different microtextured spacing on the interface bonding strength of the TiAlCrSiN coating was analyzed. The results show that with the reduction of the microtextured spacing, the Vickers hardness of the cemented carbide slightly decreases, and the fracture toughness slightly increases. The microtextured surface can improve the interface bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. The smaller the microtextured spacing, the larger the specific surface area and the higher the surface energy, so the interface bonding strength between the coating and the substrate increases.
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Authors and Affiliations

ManFeng Gong
1 2
GuangFa Liu
1 2
Meng Li
1 3
XiaoQun Xia
1
Lei Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
JianFeng Wu
1 2
ShanHua Zhang
1 2
Fang Mei
1
  1. Lingnan Normal University, School of Mechatronics Engineering, Zhanjiang 524048, China
  2. Guangdong Ocean University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhanjiang 524088, China
  3. Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xian 710072, China

Simulation Studies on the Influence of Other Combustible Gases on the Characteristics of Methane Explosions at Constant Volume and High Temperature

Zhenmin Luo Litao Liu Shuaishuai Gao Tao Wang Bin Su Lei Wang Yong Yang Xiufang Li
Archives of Mining Sciences | 2021 | vol. 66 | No 2 | 279-295 | DOI: 10.24425/ams.2021.137462
Keywords Constant volume Volume fraction of combustible gas Initial temperature adiabatic flame temperature Maximum explosion pressure
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Abstract

Gas explosions are major disasters in coal mining, and they typically cause a large number of deaths, injuries and property losses. An appropriate understanding of the effects of combustible gases on the characteristics of methane explosions is essential to prevent and control methane explosions. FLACS software was used to simulate an explosion of a mixture of CH4 and combustible gases (C2H4, C2H6, H2, and CO) at various mixing concentrations and different temperatures (25, 60, 100, 140 and 180℃). After adding combustible gases to methane at a constant volume and atmospheric pressure, the adiabatic flame temperature linearly increases as the initial temperature increases. Under stoichiometric conditions (9.5% CH4-air mixture), the addition of C2H4 and C2H6 has a greater effect on the adiabatic flame temperature of methane than H2 and CO at different initial temperatures. Under the fuel-lean CH4-air mixture (7% CH4-air mixture) and fuel-rich mixture (11% CH4-air mixture), the addition of H2 and CO has a greater effect on the adiabatic flame temperature of methane. In contrast, the addition of combustible gases negatively affected the maximum explosion pressure of the CH4-air mixture, exhibiting a linearly decreasing trend with increasing initial temperature. As the volume fraction of the mixed gas increases, the adiabatic flame temperature and maximum explosion pressure of the stoichiometric conditions increase. In contrast, under the fuel-rich mixture, the combustible gas slightly lowered the adiabatic flame temperature and the maximum explosion pressure. When the initial temperature was 140℃, the fuel consumption time was approximately 8-10 ms earlier than that at the initial temperature of 25℃. When the volume fraction of the combustible gas was 2.0%, the consumption time of fuel reduced by approximately 10 ms compared with that observed when the volume fraction of flammable gas was 0.4%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhenmin Luo
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Litao Liu
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Shuaishuai Gao
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Tao Wang
1 2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Bin Su
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Lei Wang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Yong Yang
4 2
ORCID: ORCID
Xiufang Li
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Xi’an University of Science and Technology, School of Safety Science & Engineering, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
  2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd, Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
  3. Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Postdoctoral Program, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
  4. Xi’an University of Science and Technology, School of Safety Science & Engineering, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR

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