The purpose of this study is to analyse the use of agricultural land on the territory of united communities and their individual districts of Zhytomyr region as the smallest units of the administrative territorial division of Ukraine. The relevance of this study, due to current changes in national land relations, dictates the need to have information about agricultural lands, their owners, tenants and the lands status for planning agricultural production, the land-leases development, sale of land. The analysis of land use was carried out according to the following indicators: location of land plots of all owners within the community district and the whole community; their area; monetary evaluation; status of documents for each land plot, in particular the availability of lease, land cultivation presence. The initial data of the researches is the data of the state land cadastre database, and data of the real property rights register, both in general access and in need of special access. As a result of the research there were defined areas and location of lands of some landowners, who leased their lands and areas of lands not leased, also there were defined areas of lands, used illegally, without any documents on land use, defined areas of lands, used or owned by agricultural producers (farms, physical persons, legal entities). A cartographic core was created for the purpose of convenient planning of agricultural land use and land management within selected districts on the territory of the community.

Cell encapsulation seems to be a promising tool in tissue engineering. However, it has been shown to have several limitations in terms of long-term cell cultures due to an insufficient oxygen supply. In this study we propose the use of novel microcapsules designed for long-term cell culture consisting of an alginate shell and perfluorocarbon (PFC) core, which works as a synthetic oxygen carrier and reservoir. The influence of PFC presence in the culture as well as the size of structures on cell metabolism was evaluated during 21-day cultures in normoxia and hypoxia. We showed significant improvement in cell metabolism in groups where cells were encapsulated in hydrogel structures with a PFC core. The cells maintained a typical metabolism (oxidative phosphorylation) through all 21 days of the culture, overcoming the oxygen supply shortage even in large structures (diameter ¡ 1 mm). Applying PFC in alginate matrices can improve cell metabolism and adaptation in long-term cell cultures.

The ethanol fire hazards will become more frequent due to the new established targets for the consumption of renewable energy sources. With this in mind, this paper aims to widen the current knowledge on CFD modelling of such a fire. As previous works rely heavily on the data of small pool fire diameters (below 1 m), this research deals with ethanol pool fire on a one-meter test tray, using our own experimental data. A mathematical model was developed and solved using a commercial CFD package (ANSYS Fluent). A new hybrid RANS-LES (SBES) model was employed to calculate turbulent stresses. Generally, the simulation results showed a good fit with the experimental results for flame temperatures at different elevations. In particular, a minor discrepancy was only observed for the top thermocouple (1.9 m above the tray). The flame heights computed with the CFD model were on average higher than the experimental one. Good agreement was observed for the radiative fraction and the axial temperature profile on the plume centreline. The latter showed an almost perfect fit between the temperature profiles obtained from CFD simulations and those calculated from the plume law for temperature.

This study is focused on the image analysis of motionless hydraulic mixing process, for which pressure changes were the driving force. To improve the understanding of hydraulic mixing, mixing efficiency was assessed with dye introduction, which resulted in certain challenges. In order to overcome them, the framework and methodology consisting of three main steps were proposed and applied to an experimental case study. The experiments were recorded using a camera and then processed according to the proposed framework and methodology. The main outputs from the methodology which were based only on the recorded movie were liquid heights and colour changes during the process time. In addition, considerable attention has also been given to issues related to other colour systems and the hydrodynamic description of the process.

This work investigates adsorption of n-hexane on activated tyre pyrolysis char (ATPC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) as a reference material in a fixed-bed column. Microwave-assisted regeneration is also considered. The adsorbed amount of n-hexane on ATPC is in the range of 37–58 mg/g. Microwave-assisted desorption of ATPC samples enables the recovery of up to 95% of adsorbed n-hexane in this non-optimized microwave setup with the efficiency of microwave energy conversion into heat of only 5–6%. For the 50% breakthrough time, ATPC and GAC are able to purify the n-hexane gas volumes in the ranges of 20–90 and 935–1240 cm3/g, respectively. While adsorption kinetics is not satisfactorily described by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models, it is very well reflected by a family of dynamic adsorption models, which are modelled with a single logistic function. Internal diffusion is likely the rate limiting step during adsorption on ATPC, while external and internal diffusion likely plays a role in adsorption to GAC. Although microwave-assisted regeneration is performed in a general purpose microwave reactor, both adsorbents show excellent performance and are very good candidates for the adsorption process. Preliminary results show that magnetite can further reduce microwave energy consumption.

Controlling the bubble size is a major concern in enhancing transport performance in gas-liquid systems. The role of wettability of diffuser surface on bubble size is the subject of the current work. The study inspects the contact angle of a set of liquids on HP ceramic diffusers using the Washburn method. The results demonstrate that organic liquids like toluene, methanol–water (1:1 v/v), ethanol– water (1:1 v/v) and decane have small contact angles of 12.9°, 37.5°, 24.4° and 22.5° respectively. Water has a lower wettability than the organic compounds where the contact angle was about 67.4°. The effect of wettability of the bubble size is investigated by measuring the size of air bubble produced using the same diffuser material. The results of bubble size measurement demonstrates that with liquids of small contact angle, i.e. good wetting properties, small bubble sizes are produced in comparison with liquids with a higher contact angle. The study demonstrates the viability of Washburn method in characterization of wettability of porous diffuser, which was verified by measuring the bubble size produced. A high reduction in bubble size can be obtained by a carefully chosen diffuser material that provides better wettability.