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Study on Chinese Speech Intelligibility Under Different Low-Frequency Characteristics of Reverberation Time Using a Hybrid Method

Wuqiong Huang Jianxin Peng Tinghui Xie
Archives of Acoustics | 2023 | vol. 48 | No 2 | 151-157 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2023.145229
Keywords low frequency speech intelligibility classroom finite-difference time-domain method
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Abstract

Reverberation time (RT) is an important indicator of room acoustics, however, most studies focus on the mid-high frequency RT, and less on the low-frequency RT. In this paper, a hybrid approach based on geometric and wave methods was proposed to build a more accurate and wide frequency-band room acoustic impulse response. This hybrid method utilized the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method modeling at low frequencies and the Odeon simulation at mid-high frequencies, which was investigated in a university classroom. The influence of the low-frequency RT on speech intelligibility was explored. For the low-frequency part, different impedance boundary conditions were employed and the effectiveness of the hybrid method has also been verified. From the results of objective acoustical parameters and subjective listening experiments, the smaller the low-frequency RT was, the higher the Chinese speech intelligibility score was. The syllables, consonants, vowels, and the syllable order also had significant effects on the intelligibility score.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wuqiong Huang
1 2
Jianxin Peng
1
Tinghui Xie
3
  1. School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
  3. School of Architecture and Art, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, China

Analysis of the influence of the complex structure of clay hollow bricks on the values of electric field intensity by using the FDTD method

Agnieszka Choroszucho
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2016 | vol. 65 | No 4 December | 745-759 | DOI: 10.1515/aee-2016-0052
Keywords building materials electromagnetic waves propagation finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) wireless communication systems
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Abstract

The study presents the analysis of the effects occurring at the propagation of electromagnetic waves within an area containing non-ideal, non-homogenous and absorbing dielectric. The analysed models are connected with housing constructions and include single and double-layered walls made of clay hollow bricks. The influence of the size of holes, the contained clay mass percentage and conductivity of brick on the distribution of electric field is presented. Double-layered wall causes more heterogeneity in distribution of electric field and numerous maxima and minima to compare with singlelayered construction. The presented results refer to the electromagnetic field generated by a wireless communication system (Wi-Fi), operating within the standard frequencies (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz). A FDTD method was used to the analysis of electric field distribution. Also in this paper all formulations of difference method (FDTD) is presented. The possibilities of modifying the described method are indicated too. The obtained values of electric field intensity allow to determining the attenuation coefficient for different variants of the walls. Detailed analysis of influence of different types of building construction will make it possible to better understand the wave phenomena and counteract local fading at planning of wireless networks systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Choroszucho

Basic Logic Gates in Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals for All Optical Device Design

Mahesh V. Sonth G. Srikanth Pankaj Agrawal B. Premalatha
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 247-253 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2021.135972
Keywords Basic gates Photonic crystals Finite difference time domain Plane wave expansion Photonic Band Gap
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Mahesh V. Sonth
1
G. Srikanth
1
Pankaj Agrawal
1
B. Premalatha
2
  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad-501401, Telangana, India
  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad-501401,Telangana, India

Influence of spatial distribution and the type of material on the occurrence of bandgaps in phononic crystals

Sebastian Garus Wojciech Sochacki Paweł Kwiatoń Marcin Nabiałek Jana Petrů Mariusz Kubanek
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2023 | 71 | 3 | e144609 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2023.144609
Keywords finite difference time domain band gap phononic crystal mechanical waves propagation
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Abstract

The study investigated the effect of the fill factor, lattice constant, and the shape and type of meta-atom material on the reduction of mechanical wave transmission in quasi-two-dimensional phononic structures. A finite difference algorithm in the time domain was used for the analysis, and the obtained time series were converted into the frequency domain using the discrete Fourier transform. The use of materials with large differences in acoustic impedance allowed to determine the influence of the meta-atom material on the propagation of the mechanical wave.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Garus
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wojciech Sochacki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Kwiatoń
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Nabiałek
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jana Petrů
3
ORCID: ORCID
Mariusz Kubanek
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Mechanics and Fundamentals of Machinery Design, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 73, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
  2. Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Department of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
  3. Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava,70833 Ostrava, Czech Republic
  4. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 73, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland

Investigation of 2D-photonic crystal resonant cavity based WDM demultiplexer

V. Kannaiyan R. Savarimuthu S.K. Dhamodharan
Opto-Electronics Review | 2018 | vol. 26 | No 2 | 108-115
Keywords Photonic Band Gap Quasi Ring Resonator Resonant cavity Finite difference time domain Plane wave expansion
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Abstract

In this attempt, Two Dimensional Photonic Crystal (2DPC) Quasi Square Ring Resonator (QSRR) based four channel demultiplexer is proposed and designed for Wavelength Division Multiplexing systems. The performance parameters of the demultiplexer such as transmission efficiency, passband width, line spacing, Q factor and crosstalk are investigated. The proposed demultiplexer is composed of bus waveguide, drop waveguide and QSRR. In the proposed demultiplexer, the output ports are arranged separately in odd and even number, where an odd number of ports are located on the right side and even number of ports are located on the left side of the bus waveguide that are used to reduce the channel interference or crosstalk. Further, the refractive index of rods around the center rod is increased linearly one to another in order to improve the signal quality. The resonant wavelengths of the proposed demultiplexer are of 1521.1 nm, 1522.0 nm, 1523.2 nm and 1524.3 nm, respectively. The footprint of the device is of 180.96 μm2. Then, a four channel point to point network is designed and the proposed four channel demultiplexer is implemented by replacing a conventional demultiplexer. Finally, functional parameters of the network, namely, BER, receiver sensitivity and Q factor are estimated by varying the link distance. This attempt could create new dimensions of research in the domain of photonic networks.

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Authors and Affiliations

V. Kannaiyan
R. Savarimuthu
S.K. Dhamodharan

Performance analysis of an eight channel demultiplexer using a 2D-photonic crystal quasi square ring resonator

V. Kannaiyan R. Savarimuthu S.K. Dhamodharan
Opto-Electronics Review | 2017 | vol. 25 | No 2 | 74-79
Keywords 2D photonic crystal Optical insulator Wavelength division demultiplexer Finite difference time domain Plane wave expansion
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Abstract

Recent years, the design of photonic crystal (PC) based optical devices is receiving keen interest in research and scientific community. In this paper, two dimensional (2D) PC based eight channel demultiplexer is proposed and designed and the functional characteristics of demultiplexer namely resonant wavelength, transmission efficiency, quality factor, spectral width, channel spacing and crosstalk are investigated. The demultiplexer is designed to drop the wavelength centred at 1537.6 nm, 1538.5 nm, 1539.4 nm, 1540.4 nm, 1541.2 nm, 1541.9 nm, 1542.6 nm and 1543.1 nm. The proposed demultiplexer is primarily composed of bus waveguide, drop waveguide and quasi square ring resonator. The quasi square ring resonator and square ring micro cavity (inner rods) are playing a vital role for a desired channel selection. The operating range of the devices is identified through a photonic band gap (PBG) which is obtained using a plane wave expansion (PWE) method. The functional characteristics of the proposed demultiplexer are attained using a 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The proposed device offers low crosstalk and high transmission efficiency with ultra-compact size, hence, it is highly desirable for DWDM applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

V. Kannaiyan
R. Savarimuthu
S.K. Dhamodharan

Numerical simulations of a simple refractive index sensor based on side-hole optical fibres

Michał Dudek Kinga.K. Köllő
Opto-Electronics Review | 2022 | 30 | 4 | e143607 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2022.143607
Keywords fibre optic sensor finite-difference time-domain method numerical simulations refractive index side-hole optical fibre
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Abstract

In this work the influence of the cavity parameters on optical losses of a simple intensity-based in-line refractive index sensor utilizing a micromachined side-hole fibre was studied by means of numerical simulations. To perform these simulations, the Authors used the finite-difference time-domain method. The proposed sensor setup consists of light source, micromachined optical fibre as a sensor head, and a detector which makes it low-cost and easy to build. The changes of the external refractive index can be, therefore, recovered by direct measurements of the transmitted intensity from which insertion loss values can be calculated. By changing geometry of the cavity micromachined into the side-hole optical fibre, it was possible to determine its influence on the final sensor sensitivity and measurements range. Based on the provided analysis of simulations results, a simple fibre optic sensor can be fabricated mainly for sensing external liquids refractive index for application in biochemistry or healthcare.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Dudek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kinga.K. Köllő
1
  1. Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland

Modelling and analysis of fibre microlenses with ray-tracing and finite-difference methods

Adam Śliwak Mateusz Jeleń Sergiusz Patela
Opto-Electronics Review | 2022 | 30 | 1 | e140147 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2022.140147
Keywords finite-difference time-domain method knife-edge method microlens ray-tracing
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Abstract

Fibre optic microlenses are small optical elements formed on the end-faces of optical fibres. Their dimensions range from a few tens to hundreds of micrometres. In the article, four optical fibre microlenses are modelled and analysed. Microlenses are used for light beam manipulation and quantitative metrics are needed to evaluate the results, for example, the size of focusing spot or intensity distribution. All four lenses tested are made of rods of the same refractive index; they were welded to a single-mode fibre. Two modelling methods were used to analyse the lenses: ray-tracing and finite-difference time-domain. The ray-tracing algorithm moves rays from one plane to another and refracts them on the surfaces. Finite-difference time-domain consists of calculating Maxwell’s equations by replacing spatial and temporal derivatives by quotients of finite differences. In this paper, the results of the microlenses analyses obtained from ray-tracing and finite-difference time-domain methods were compared. Both methods of analysis showed the presence of undesirable side lobes related to lens design, namely rods too long for lens fabrication. The test results were compared with the measurements made with the knife-edge method. The use of a single tool to determine parameters of an optical fibre lens does not allow for precise determination of its properties. It is necessary to use different tools and programs. This allows a complete analysis of the beam parameters, letting us find the causes of technical issues that limit the performance of the lenses.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Śliwak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Jeleń
1
Sergiusz Patela
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Microsystem, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, ul. Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland

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