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Thermodynamics and Kinetics Analysis on Carbothermic Reduction of Calcined Magnesite in Vacuum

Qifeng Tang Jinqing Ao Biyou Peng Biao Guo Tao Yang

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 3 | 1021-1026 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.139696

Keywords calcined magnesite carbothermic reduction vacuum thermodynamic kinetic

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Abstract

The carbothermic reduction of calcined magnesite in vacuum was studied. By thermodynamic analysis, the starting temperature of reduction reaction dropped from 2173K to 1523K when system pressure dropped from 1 atmosphere to 100 Pa. The experiments were carried out at different conditions under 10~100 Pa and the experimental results shown that the reduction extent of MgO improved by increasing the reaction temperature and time, the pellet forming pressure as well as adding fluoride as catalyst. The rate-determining step of carbothermic reduction process was gas diffusion with the apparent activation energy of 241.19~278.56 kJ/mol.

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Authors and Affiliations

Qifeng Tang

e-mail:

ORCID:

Jinqing Ao

e-mail:

ORCID:

Biyou Peng

e-mail:

ORCID:

Biao Guo

e-mail:

ORCID:

Tao Yang

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xihua University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chengdu 610039, PR China

A Comparative Study about Production of Va nadium Carbide via Self Propagating High Temperature Synthesis and Reduction

Mehmet Bugdayci Levent Once Murat Alkan Ahmet Turan Umay Cinarli

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2024 | vol. 69 | No 1 | 257-262 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2024.147816

Keywords Vanadium Carbide SHS Carbothermal reduction leaching

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Abstract

Vanadium carbide is important for industrial applications because of its high hardness, high temperature resistance, high chemical, and thermal stability. It is generally obtained from the reaction between V and C powders at a high temperature ranging from 1100 to 1500°C. Investigations on these high strength, high abrasion resistant, hard materials have been intensified in recent years and consequently, significant improvements have been achieved. In this study, VC alloys are produced with low cost processes, by reducing the oxides of their components by SHS methods and ball mill-assisted carbothermal reduction. In the experimental stage, V₂O₅ was used as oxidized Vanadium source, C_black as carbon source, magnesium and C_black as reductant. In the study, VC powders were synthesized by two different methods and optimum production conditions were determined. Furthermore, the effect of different stoichiometric charge components and the effect of experiment durations were realized by X-ray diffraction, HSC Chemistry, and SEM analyses for different reductants.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mehmet Bugdayci

Levent Once

Murat Alkan

Ahmet Turan

Umay Cinarli

Yalova University, Faculty of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, 77200, Yalova, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School, Construction Technology Department, 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
Sinop University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, 57000, Sinop, Turkey
Dokuz Eylul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 35390, Izmir, Turkey
Yeditepe University, Engineering Faculty, Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering Department, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey

RECOVERY OF IRON FROM COPPER SLAG BY CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION AND MAGNETIC SEPARATION IN THE PRESENCE OF CaO

T. Chun G. Mu Z. Di H. Long C. Ning D. Li

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2018 | vol. 63 | No 1 | DOI: 10.24425/118941

Keywords copper slag recovery of iron carbothermic reduction magnetic separation

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Chun

G. Mu

Z. Di

H. Long

C. Ning

D. Li

Microstructures and Microwave-Absorbing Properties of ZnO Smoke from Zinc Leach Residue Treated by Carbothermal Reduction

Zhiwei Ma Sheng Wang Xueyan Du Ji Zhang Ruifeng Zhao Shengquan Zhang

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2021 | vol. 66 | No 4 | 1163-1170 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2021.136437

Keywords Zinc leach residue Carbothermal reduction ZnO smoke Microwave-absorbing properties

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Abstract

Much zinc residue is produced during the traditional processes involved in zinc hydrometallurgy in the leaching stage: its composition is complex and valuable metals are difficult to recover therefrom. If not handled properly, it can lead to a waste of resources and environmental pollution. To solve this problem, zinc leach residue specimens were treated using the carbothermal reduction method (CTR) that is easy to operate and has a high energy utilisation rate. The methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were used for analytical characterisation. Based on this, this research investigated a structure-function relationship between microstructures and microwave-absorbing properties of ZnO smoke from CTR-treated zinc leach residue. The results demonstrate that microstructures and macro-properties of ZnO smoke obtained at different temperatures differ greatly. Under conditions including a calcination temperature of 1250°C, holding time of 60 min, and addition of 50% and 10% of powdered coal and CaO separately, the ZnO content in the obtained smoke is 99.14%, with regular micron-sized ZnO particles therein. For these particles, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) reached –25.56 dB at a frequency of 15.84 GHz with a matching thickness of 5 mm. Moreover, frequency bandwidth corresponding to RL < –10 dB can reach 2.0 GHz. ZnO smoke obtained using this method is found to have excellent microwave-absorbing performance, which provides a new idea for high-value applications of zinc-rich residue.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Zhiwei Ma

e-mail:

ORCID:

Sheng Wang

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xueyan Du

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ji Zhang

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ruifeng Zhao

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shengquan Zhang

e-mail:

ORCID:

Lanzhou University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou 730050, China

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Thermodynamics and Kinetics Analysis on Carbothermic Reduction of Calcined Magnesite in Vacuum

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

A Comparative Study about Production of Va nadium Carbide via Self Propagating High Temperature Synthesis and Reduction

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

RECOVERY OF IRON FROM COPPER SLAG BY CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION AND MAGNETIC SEPARATION IN THE PRESENCE OF CaO

Authors and Affiliations

Microstructures and Microwave-Absorbing Properties of ZnO Smoke from Zinc Leach Residue Treated by Carbothermal Reduction

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations