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The effectiveness of selected chemical and biological insecticides in control of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) on sweet corn

Janusz Mazurek Michał Hurej Jacek Jackowski
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2005 | vol. 45 | No 1 | 41-47
Keywords European corn borer ECB insecticides bioinsecticides control efficacy sweet corn
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Abstract

The trials conducted with selected chemical and biological insecticides in 1998-2000 showed the highest effectiveness of Karate Zeon 100 CS (lambda-cyhalotrine) in European corn borer (ECB) larvae control in sweet corn. The efficacy of biological insecticides containing Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki: Biobit 3.2 WP and Lepinox WDG was very variable between the years. Reasons for insufficient efficacy of these products are discussed. The most appropriate time for the application of a chemical insecticide against ECB larvae are plant developmental stages since the beginning of pollen shedding to full blooming (63–67 BBCH scale). The efficacy of treatment was the highest at that time.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mazurek
Michał Hurej
Jacek Jackowski

Some aspects of the biology of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) on sweet corn

Janusz Mazurek Michał Hurej Jacek Jackowski
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2003 | vol. 43 | No 4 | 345-352
Keywords sweet corn European corn borer egg laying larval migration cobdamage
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Abstract

In the climatic conditions of Lower Silesia, Poland the European corn borer lays eggs on sweet corn during 3-5 week period between the 3rd decade of June and the 2nd decade ofAugust. The eggs are laid on leaves L1 to LS ofmain and lateral stems of the plants. Caterpillars start to hatch at the beginning ofJuly, but in 1998-2000 a massive hatching was observed only in the 2nd and in the 3rd decade ofJuly, whereas in 2001 - in the 3rd decade of this month and in the l st decade of August. Larvae are capable of migrating between plant rows on the soil surface, which was observed in 1998-2000 from the end ofJuly till the end of October. Most caterpillars migrated in the 2nd and in the 3rd decade of August and in the first days of September. The cob damage by caterpillars ranged between 31 and 46%. Delayed harvest caused a substantial increase in damage.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mazurek
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Hurej
Jacek Jackowski

The occurrence and the effects of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) control on corn crop in Przeworsk region in 2001-2002

Franciszek Lisowicz
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2003 | vol. 43 | No 4 | 399-403
Keywords corn European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) occurrence control
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Abstract

Research was carried out in 2001-2002, in the Plant Breeding Station of Mikulice near Przeworsk. The occurrence of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) on corn, as well as the effects of its chemical control were assessed. It was found out that in 2001, caterpillars damaged 40.5% of plants, while in 2002 - 99.3% of plants. As a result of double lambda cyhalothrin application (Karate 025 EC), high pest reduction was achieved: 91.4% in 2001 and 88.9% in 2002. Corn yields increased by 1.8 t/ha in 2001 and 4.3 r/ha in 2002 in comparison with yields in untreated fields.
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Authors and Affiliations

Franciszek Lisowicz

The influence of agronomical and chemical weed control on weeds of corn

Robert Idziak Hubert Waligóra Violetta Szuba
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2022 | vol. 62 | No 2 | 215-222 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2022.141362
Keywords net return sweet corn weed control
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Abstract

Weeds in sweet corn reduce the yield and are economically more harmful than other pests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical weed control and efficacy of pre- and postemergence applied herbicides in sweet corn, and their influence on weed control expressed by various indices, corncob yield and net return. Field studies were carried out with preemergence thiencarbazone-methyl + isoxaflutole (at 29.7 + 74.3 g · ha –1), postemergence S-metolachlor + terbuthylazine (937.5 + 562.5 g · ha –1), mesotrione + terbuthylazine (100 + 652 g · ha –1), terbuthylazine + mesotrione + S-metolachlor (656.3 + + 131.3 + 1093.8 g · ha –1), weed free (WF, hand weeding), and mechanical weeding (MW, hoeing) to assess weed control, corncob yield and net return. Variability in potential yield losses was observed between years due to weather conditions at the level of 30 to even 93%. Hand weeding was the most effective, but it is expensive and needs is labour consuming, unlike mechanical weeding which was the cheapest but simultaneously the least effective. Among pre- and postemergence applied herbicides, a mixture of terbuthylazine + mesotrione + S-metolachlor was the most efficacious weed control treatment. It gave high corncob yield and economic net return.
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Authors and Affiliations

Robert Idziak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hubert Waligóra
1
ORCID: ORCID
Violetta Szuba
1
  1. Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland

Optimisation of crop rotations: A case study for corn growing practices in forest-steppe of Ukraine

Mykhailo Romashchenko Vsevolod Bohaienko Andrij Shatkovskyi Roman Saidak Tetiana Matiash Volodymyr Kovalchuk
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 56 | 194-202 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.143760
Keywords combinatorial optimisation corn crop rotation genetic algorithms
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Abstract

The formation of optimal crop rotations is virtually unsolvable from the standpoint of the classical methodology of experimental research. Here, we deal with a mathematical model based on expert estimates of “predecessor-crop” pairs’ efficiency created for the conditions of irrigation in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Solving the problem of incorporating uncertainty assessments into this model, we present new models of crop rotations’ economic efficiency taking into account irrigation, application of fertilisers, and the negative environmental effect of nitrogen fertilisers’ introduction into the soil. For the considered models we pose an optimisation problem and present an algorithm for its solution that combines a gradient method and a genetic algorithm. Using the proposed mathematical tools, for several possible scenarios of water, fertilisers, and purchase price variability, the efficiency of growing corn as a monoculture in Ukraine is simulated. The proposed models show a reduction of the profitability of such a practice when the purchase price of corn decreases below 0.81 EUR∙kg –1 and the price of irrigation water increases above 0.32 EUR∙m –3 and propose more flexible crop rotations. Mathematical tools developed in the paper can form a basis for the creation of decision support systems that recommend optimal crop rotation variations to farmers and help to achieve sustainable, profitable, and ecologically safe agricultural production. However, future works on the actualisation of the values of its parameters need to be performed to increase the accuracy.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mykhailo Romashchenko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vsevolod Bohaienko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Andrij Shatkovskyi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Roman Saidak
3
ORCID: ORCID
Tetiana Matiash
4
ORCID: ORCID
Volodymyr Kovalchuk
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS, Kyiv, Ukraine
  2. V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, Laboratory of Methods of Mathematical Modeling of Ecology and Energy Processes, Glushkov Ave, 40, 03187, Kyiv, Ukraine
  3. Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS, Department of Using of Agroresource Potential, Kyiv, Ukraine
  4. Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS, Department of Information Technology and Marketing Innovation, Kyiv, Ukraine

The kinetics, thermodynamics and equilibrium study of nickel and lead uptake using corn residues as adsorbent

Candelaria Tejada-Tovar Ángel Villabona-Ortíz Angel Dario Gonzalez-Delgado
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2021 | No 48 | 197-204 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2021.136162
Keywords adsorption corn wastes heavy metals kinetics thermodynamics
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Abstract

Agricultural residues rich in lignocellulosic biomass are low-cost and sustainable adsorbents widely used in water treatment. In the present research, thermodynamics, kinetics, and equilibrium of nickel(II) and lead(II) ion biosorption were studied using a corncob (Zea mays). The experiments were performed in a batch system evaluating the effect of tempera-ture and dose of adsorbent. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to study the equilibrium. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were determined using kinetic models (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich). Biosorbent characteristics were studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was found that the hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic groups are the major contributors to the removal process. Besides, Pb(II) ions form micro-complexes on the surface of the biomaterial while Ni(II) ions form bonds with active centers. It was found that the highest Ni(II) removal yields were achieved at 0.02 g of adsorbent and 70°C, while the highest Pb(II) removal yields were achieved at 0.003 g and 55°C. A maximum Ni(II) adsorption capacity of 3.52 mg∙g–1 (86%) and 13.32 mg∙g–1 (94.3%) for Pb(II) was obtained in 250 and 330 min, respectively. Pseudo-first or-der and pseudo-second order models best fit experimental data, and Langmuir and Freundlich models well describe the iso-therm of the process. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0, ΔG0, ΔS0) suggest that the adsorption process of both cations is exothermic, irreversible, and not spontaneous.
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Authors and Affiliations

Candelaria Tejada-Tovar
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ángel Villabona-Ortíz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Angel Dario Gonzalez-Delgado
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Cartagena, Avenida del Consulado Calle 30 No. 48-152, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia

Assessment of the CROPWAT 8.0 software reliability for evapotranspiration and crop water requirements calculations

Raisa A. Vozhehova Yurii O. Lavrynenko Serhii V. Kokovikhin Pavlo V. Lykhovyd Iryna M. Biliaieva Antonina V. Drobitko Vasyl V. Nesterchuk
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2018 | No 39
Keywords CROPWAT evapotranspiration grain corn irrigation sweet corn soybean sorghum water requirements
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Authors and Affiliations

Raisa A. Vozhehova
Yurii O. Lavrynenko
Serhii V. Kokovikhin
Pavlo V. Lykhovyd
Iryna M. Biliaieva
Antonina V. Drobitko
Vasyl V. Nesterchuk

Occurrence of mycotoxins in talkan: a cereal-based food traditional for Turkic population

D. Tattibayeva C. Nebot Miranda J.M. A.B. Abuova M.Z. Kizatova B. Vazquez
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2018 | vol. 21 | No 2 | 333–341 | DOI: 10.24425/122602
Keywords food-contamination corn fungi HPLC-MS/MS Kazakhstan
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Abstract

The consumption of cereal contaminated with mycotoxins poses a serious health risk for humans and animals. The present work aims to evaluate the presence of mycotoxins in talkan, a cereal-based food commonly consumed by the Turkic population. The presence of mycotoxins was investigated in a total of 50 samples obtained from Kazakhstan. After a preliminary screening using various ELISA kits, mycotoxins were confirmed and quantified by HPLC-MS/MS method. More than 28% of the samples were positive for at least one mycotoxin. The calculated probably daily intake for adults and children was 20% above the tolerable daily intake for aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol, while it was above 100% for zearalenone, indicating a high risk for the Kazakh population. A total of 12 samples exhibited concentrations above the European maximum level for ochratoxin A, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol, however, these values were within the limits established by the Russia-Kazakhstan-Belarus Customs Union (TR CU 015/2011).
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Authors and Affiliations

D. Tattibayeva
C. Nebot
Miranda J.M.
A.B. Abuova
M.Z. Kizatova
B. Vazquez

Determination of the distillation parameters of the milesPLUS® diesel fuel comprising a bio-component in the form of methyl esters of corn oil

Bolesław Pracuch Grzegorz Wcisło
Teka Commission of Motorization and Power Industry in Agriculture | 2016 | vol. 16 | No 4
Keywords biodiesel CME – Corn Methyl Esters fractional composition temperature distillation fuel diesel
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of adding bio-components in the form of methyl esters of corn oil to the milesPLUS diesel oil on its fractional composition. The corn biofuel was produced in-house by using an own-design GW-200 reactor. The diesel fuel evaporated at temperatures ranging from 162 to 352oC. The addition of 7, 20 and 40% of a bio-component in principle does not affect the deterioration of the starting point distillation temperatures. They affect the temperature at the end of distillation to a greater extent, resulting in temperatures exceeding 360oC.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bolesław Pracuch
Grzegorz Wcisło

General approaches to system optimization for workflows of corn-harvesting machines

D. Kuzenko O. Krupych
Teka Commission of Motorization and Power Industry in Agriculture | 2016 | vol. 16 | No 3
Keywords corn-harvesting machines working parts technological process methods of system analysis systems engineering and systems modeling
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Abstract

The article covers the systematic basis for the creation of new technological processes of corn harvesting machines. Modern corn-harvesting machines have reached certain thresholds according to their technological properties that most significantly affect the final production and economic indicators of planting corn for grain efficiency, still they do not meet modern requirements. The technological properties mentioned above are hardly adjusted for wide range of physical and mechanical properties of the plants and crop parameters. This situation is caused by new machine´s working parts being viewed by researchers and developers as complex technical systems not from the standpoint of general systems theory but in terms of the use of traditional knowledge of the laws of agricultural mechanics, thus not getting proper attention to their systematic coordination with working conditions. Based on this, the paper presents a structural scheme for the system “mechanized corn for grain harvesting”, key elements of which are: agricultural (А), engineering (В) and selectional (С) supply. Interconnection of the subsystem´s elements and their consistency determine the effectiveness of the whole process. Inconsistency of the links АВ and ВC is observed. The conceptual system “mechanized corn for grain harvesting” design relates to the field with clear NO-factors: incompleteness, uncertainty, inconsistency and lack of information for decision making, thus it is important to review tasks of conceptual design from the most general constructual standpoint. The method of describing systems at the conceptual level is suggested. This systematic representation of corn-harvesting machines allows to approach the task of their workflows modeling from the most general standpoint.
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Authors and Affiliations

D. Kuzenko
O. Krupych

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