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Number of results: 11
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Abstract

In this article the authors investigated and presented the experiments on the sentence boundaries annotation from Polish speech using acoustic cues as a source of information. The main result of the investigation is an algorithm for detection of the syntactic boundaries appearing in the places of punctuation marks. In the first stage, the algorithm detects pauses and divides a speech signal into segments. In the second stage, it verifies the configuration of acoustic features and puts hypotheses of the positions of punctuation marks. Classification is performed with parameters describing phone duration and energy, speaking rate, fundamental frequency contours and frequency bands. The best results were achieved for Naive Bayes classifier. The efficiency of the algorithm is 52% precision and 98% recall. Another significant outcome of the research is statistical models of acoustic cues correlated with punctuation in spoken Polish.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Igras
Bartosz Ziółko
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Abstract

In the frame of the grammatical description “from meaning to form” the author promotes the thesis that arguments implied by verbal predicates stand in the syntactic position primarily designed for noun phrases.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zuzanna Topolińska
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Linguistic materials of uncertain syntactic status in a corpus of blog posts – This article proposes an analysis of some modalities of the interfrastic connection in the linguistic productions of bloggers. In particular, attention is focused on cases that present a structural interest as they fall into an intermediate space between autonomy and syntactic-semantic integration. More specifically, it focuses on cases of hypercoding and hypocoding of the the syntactic linking of clauses, as well as on cases of deviant coding.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Durkiewicz
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) for young persons with normal hearing. The following three tests available for Polish language were used: the New Articulation Lists (NAL-93) version of 2011, the Polish Sentence Test (PST) and the Polish Sentence Matrix Test (PSMT). When using PST and PSMT the masking signal was babble noise made of the language material contained in the test. For NAL-93 the masking signal was speech noise. The speech reception threshold (SRT) was found to be (−6:8 ± 1.1), (−4:8 ± 1.6), (−3:5 ± 1.8) and (−3:4 ± 2.0) dB SNR for PST, PSMT, NAL-93 (constant stimuli method) and NAL-93 (short method), respectively. The values of SRT depend on semantic redundancy of the language material. Differences in SRT were statistically non-significant only for NAL-93 (constant stimuli method) and NAL-93 (short method). Moreover, it was shown that the time needed for presentation of a single word list (NAL-93, short method) or single sentence list (PST, PSMT) was comparable and equal to 2–3 minutes. The most uniform SRT values were obtained for PST. The PSMT was the least demanding for the listener, experimenter and equipment.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Schelenz
Ewa Skrodzka
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Abstract

The author discusses the problem of reference of (nominal, verbal, adjectival groups, and adverbial) sentence components realized within coordinate relationships. Initially, the author refers to the theory of compactness as an explanation of the processes of generating coordinate constructions in the structure of simple sentences. There are evidences in favor of the thesis that the compactness theory does not explain coordination in semantic aspect. This applies not only to the structure with the main predicate with plural distribution (valence), but also to the entire range of coordination. The author distinguishes two types of references of coordinated phrases (in structure of a simple sentence): a distributional and a collective one. The constructional and semantic peculiarities of the expressions of both types have been described in relation to the contemporary Polish and Russian language.

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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksander Kiklewicz
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Abstract

The main task for imagination in Roman Ingarden’s theory of literary work is to reconstruct fictional objects and their appearances, as well as to furnish details even not mentioned in the work but compatible with the schematic description contained in the work. Imagination, therefore, plays an essential role in the act of Ingardenian ‘concretization’, that is in an inner presentation of the written work by the mind of the reader. According to the program of anti‑psychologism, the imaginative activities do not belong to the literary work. In particular, the creative imagination of the author and the free inspirations experienced by a reader must not be regarded as part of the work. Ingarden understands imagination traditionally, as the ability of visualizing mental images. It is possible, however, to understand imagination in a different way, that may be called semiotic, when it becomes an art of giving meaning to fictitious, fantastical, metaphorical and symbolical sentences. Adopting such a conception of imagination reveals imaginative features in all the four levels of literary work indicated by Ingarden. In particular, the notorious Ingardenian ‘quasi‑judgment’ could be defined as the imaginative sentence.
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Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Kowalik
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Filozofii, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 3, 00-927 Warszawa
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Abstract

The article focuses on the relationship between predicate‑argument (semantic) structure of verbs and their syntactic properties. This investigation concentrates on the semantic structure of the Polish verb rozmyślić się (‘to change one’s mind’) as a predicate of higer order (Px, q) and its syntactic characteristic. The analisys demonstrates that the content of the propositional argument q is expressed mainly in the context of the sentence and this fact makes the verb rozmyślić się an exceptional unit of the higer order preditcate set. The verb rozmyślić się is compared with the Polish and Bulgarian possible equivalents: zrezygnować and откажа се.
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Bibliography

Sources of examples

Bańko M., (red.), 2000, Inny słownik języka polskiego, wyd. 2, Warszawa: PWN.
PELCRA: Wyszukiwarka korpusowa PELCRA dla danych Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego [ http://www.nkjp.uni.lodz.pl ; dostęp 12.05.21].
Szymczak M., (red.), 1981, Słownik języka polskiego, vol. 3, Warszawa: PWN.
Skorupka 1974 = Skorupka S., Auderska H., Łempicka Z., (red.), Mały słownik języka polskiego, Warszawa.
Rechnik na balgarskia ezik, 2015, vol. 15, Sofia: Izdatelstvo na BAN „Prof. Marin Drinov”.

References

Apresyan Yu.D., 1974, Leksicheskaya semantika. Sinonimicheskiye sredstva yazyka, Moskva: Nauka.
Bogusławski A., 1974, Preliminaries for semantic‑syntactic description of basic predicative expressions with special reference to Polish verbs, [w:] O predykacji, red. A. Orzechowska, R. Laskowski, Wrocław: Ossolineum, pp. 39–57.
Duraj‑Nowosielska I., 2017a, Konteksty uwydatniające konflikty woli a walencja czasownika chcieć, „Prace Filologiczne”, vol. 70, pp. 171–192.
Duraj‑Nowosielska I., 2017b, Charakterystyka semantyczna wyrażeń ktoś zamierza coś zrobić/robić i ktoś ma zamiar coś zrobić/robić, „Prace Filologiczne”, vol. 70, pp. 193–207.
Karolak S., 1984, Składnia wyrażeń predykatywnych. [w:] Topolińska Z., (red.), Gramatyka współczesnego języka polskiego. Składnia, Warszawa: PWN, pp. 11–211.
Korytkowska M., 1990, Z problematyki składni konfrontatywnej – na przykładzie bułgarskich i polskich zdań bezpodmiotowych, Wrocław etc.: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich.
Korytkowska M., 1994, Modèle de la structure sémantique de la phrase dans une approche contrastive, “Révue des études slaves”, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 557–565.
Zintegrowany opis semantyczno‑syntaktyczny czasowników bułgarskich, polskich i rosyj-skich 2019 = Kiklewicz A., Korytkowska M., Mazurkiewicz‑Sułkowska J., Zatorska A., Zintegrowany opis semantyczno‑syntaktyczny czasowników bułgarskich, polskich i rosyjskich (verba cogitandi i verba sentiendi), cz. I–II; red. M. Korytkowska, Warszawa: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk Fundacja Slawistyczna. [ https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12528/1087; dostęp 21.05.2021].

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Korytkowska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa
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Abstract

The aim of this work was to measure subjective speech intelligibility in an enclosure with a long reverberation time and comparison of these results with objective parameters. Impulse Responses (IRs) were first determined with a dummy head in different measurement points of the enclosure. The following objective parameters were calculated with Dirac 4.1 software: Reverberation Time (RT), Early Decay Time (EDT), weighted Clarity (C50) and Speech Transmission Index (STI). For the chosen measurement points, a convolution of the IRs with the Polish Sentence Test (PST) and logatome tests was made. PST was presented at a background of a babble noise and speech reception threshold - SRT (i.e. SNR yielding 50% speech intelligibility) for those points were evaluated. A relationship of the sentence and logatome recognition vs. STI was determined. It was found that the final SRT data are well correlated with speech transmission index (STI), and can be expressed by a psychometric function. The difference between SRT determined in condition without reverberation and in reverberation conditions appeared to be a good measure of the effect of reverberation on speech intelligibility in a room. In addition, speech intelligibility, with and without use of the sound amplification system installed in the enclosure, was compared.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jędrzej Kociński
Edward Ozimek
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Abstract

Objective: Self-report questionnaire is informative to assess general hearing disability. The aims of this study were to investigate the reliability of Turkish version of spatial hearing questionnaire (SHQ) and to analyze the validity of the SHQ by the correlation with speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing questionnaire (SSQ) and Turkish matrix sentence test (TMST).
Methods: The first part of the study was the psychometric properties of the SHQ with 192 participants (137 with normal hearing, 55 with hearing loss). In the second and main part of the study, we applied two questionnaires (SHQ and SSQ) and TMST to people other than those included in the first part ofthe study (88 participants with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss). We compared the results of these two questionnaires and the TMST with the speech discrimination (SD) scores.
Results: Turkish spatial hearing questionnaire’s internal consistency was 0.94 and 0.97 for individuals with normal hearing and for individuals with hearing loss, respectively. Moderate, positive, statistically significant correlation was observed between the SHQ and SSQ (r = 0:606, p = 0:001 in individuals with hearing loss who do not wear any hearing aid, and r = 0:627, p = 0:001 in hearing aid users), and SHQ and SD (r = 0:561, p = 0:032 in hearing aid users). According to TMST, moderate, positive, statistically significant correlation was found between SSQ and adaptive TMST in individuals with hearing loss who do not wear any hearing aid (r = 0:330, p = 0:033 for S0N90 and r = 0:364, p = 0:018 for S0N270).
Conclusions: Turkish SHQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire for assessing hearing functions. SHQ, SSQ, and TMST are clinically beneficial measuring tools in planning the process of hearing rehabilitation and follow-up.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bünyamin Çildir
1
Suna Tokgöz-Yilmaz
2
Gonca Sennaroğlu
3

  1. Ankara Yıdırım Beyazıt University, Health Sciences Faculty, Speech Language Therapy Department, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Ankara University, Health Sciences Faculty, Audiology Department, Ankara, Turkey
  3. Hacettepe University, Health Sciences Faculty, Audiology Department, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract

The article is devoted to research into the systematization of the structural and semantic types of partially phraseologized sentences. Partially phraseologized sentences have been ascertained to have their functional and communicative purpose in language and speech. The formal and semantic principles of the typology of partially phraseologized sentences have been determined. Structural typologies of partially phraseologized sentences are based on quantitative and morphological criteria. Analyzed have been the structural types of partly phraseologized sentences. Partially phraseologized sentences are formed by two‑, three‑, four‑, and five‑part phrase‑complexes. The semantic types of partially phraseologized sentences are based on the type of syntactic relations between their two parts, depending on which we can single out: 1) sentences with temporal relations; 2) sentences with relations of generalized condition; 3) sentences with explanatory relations; 4) sentences with applicative relations.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mariia Lychuk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kyiv, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
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Abstract

The jubilee volume “Slavica Wratislaviensia”, CLIX: Wyraz i zdanie w językach słowiańskich (8), is a collection of contributions by pupils, collegues, and friends, dedicated to Professor Jan Sokołowski slavist of Wroclaw University, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The publication topics covered subjects connected with researches on word and sentence in Slavic languages, their description, comparative and contrastive studies, and translation. They take up important current topics, reliably and comprehensively analyze problems that have not been noticed before or have not been solved yet. Due to the selection of topics and high scientific level (most authors are renowned linguists) the volume should be considered as representative for contemporary Slavic linguistics.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zofia Rudnik-Karwatowa

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