Archives of Electrical Engineering
ARCHIVES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (AEE) (previously Archiwum Elektrotechniki), quarterly journal of the Polish Academy of Sciences is OpenAccess (PAN Electronic Library, publishing original scientific articles and short communiques from all branches of Electrical Power Engineering exclusively in English. The main fields of interest are related to the theory & engineering of the components of an electrical power system: switching devices, arresters, reactors, conductors, etc. together with basic questions of their insulation, ampacity, switching capability etc.; electrical machines and transformers; modelling & calculation of circuits; electrical & magnetic fields problems; optimization methods; electromagnetic compatibility; control problems; power electronics; electrical power engineering;renewable energy; nondestructive testing & nondestructive evaluation. Journal Impact Factor: 2022 – 1.3, Five Year – 0.9 CiteScore metrics from Scopus, CiteScore 2022: 2.4 SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2022: 0.325 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) 2022: 0.743 ICI Journal Master List 2022, Index Copernicus Value: 121.38 Scoring assigned by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education: 100 points
A technology that utilizes penetrating rays is one of the oldest
nondestructive testing methods. Nowadays, the process of radiogram
analysis is performed by qualified human operators and automatic systems
are still under development. In this work we present advanced algorithms
for automatic segmentation of radiographic images of welded joints. The
goal of segmentation of a radiogram is to change and simplify
representation of the image into a form that is more meaningful and
easier to analyse automatically. The radiogram is divided into parts
containing the weld line, image quality indicators, lead characters, and
possible defects. Then, each part is analysed separately by specialized
algorithms within the framework of the Intelligent System for Radiogram
Analysis.
All contributions should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Office: Address of the Editorial Office: Archives of Electrical Engineering Website: www.aee.put.poznan.pl
Piotrowo 3A (Room 612X)
60-965 Poznan, Poland
tel: (48-61) 665-26-36
fax: (48-61) 665-23-81
e-mail: aee@put.poznan.pl
Editor-in-Chief Andrzej Demenko, Poznan, Poland Managing Editor Mariusz Baranski, Poznan, Poland Deputy Managing Editor Lukasz Knypinski, Poznan, Poland Editorial Advisory Board: Chairman: Marian P. Kaźmierkowski, Warsaw, Poland Secretary: Mariusz Jagiela, Opole, Poland Anouar Belahcen, Espoo, Finland Frede Blaabjerg, Aalborg, Denmark Ion Boldea, Timisoara, Romania Herbert De Gersem, Darmstadt, Germany Paolo Di Barba, Pavia, Italy Jacek Gieras, Rockford, USA Kay Hameyer, Aachen, Germany Marian K. Kazimierczuk, Dayton, USA Stefan Kulig, Dortmund, Germany David A. Lowther, Montreal, Canada Jacek Marecki, Gdansk, Poland Sohrab Mirsaeidi, Beijing, China Fausto Pedro Garcia Márquez, Ciudad Real, Spain Zhuoxiang Ren, Paris, France José Rodríguez Pérez, Santiago, Chile Ruth V. Sabariego, Leuven, Belgium Ryszard Sikora, Szczecin, Poland Zbigniew Styczyński, Magdeburg, Germany Jan Sykulski, Southampton, UK Slawomir Wiak, Lodz, Poland Language Editor Krystyna Guzek Statistical Editor Mariusz Barański, Poznan, Poland Theme Editors: Jerzy Barglik, Gliwice, Poland Andrzej Cichon, Opole, Poland Lech Grzesiak, Warsaw, Poland Kazimierz Jakubiuk, Gdansk, Poland Zbigniew Lubosny, Gdansk, Poland Marian Łukaniszyn, Opole, Poland Pawel Pijarski, Lublin, Poland Henryka Danuta Stryczewska, Lublin, Poland Jan Sykulski, Southampton, UK Adam Szelag, Warsaw, Poland Romulad Włodek, Krakow, Poland Technical Editor Typesetting in LATEX: Drukarnia Braci Grodzickich Sp.j., 05-500 Piaseczno, ul. Geodetów 47a, Poland
Professor at Poznan University of Technology
Ph.D. at Poznan University of Technology
Ph.D. at Poznan University of Technology
Professor at Warsaw University of Technology
Opole at Warsaw University of Technology
Professor at Aalto University
Professor at Aalborg University
Professor at University Politehnica of Timisoara
Professor at Technische Universität Darmstadt
Professor at University of Pavia
Professor at University of Technology and Life Sciences
Professor at RWTH Aachen University
Professor at Wright State University
Professor at TU Dortmund University of Technology
Professor at McGill University
Professor at Gdansk University of Technology
Professor at Beijing Jiaotong University
Professor at Universidad Castilla-La Mancha
Professor at Sorbonne Université
Professor at Universidad Andrés Bello
Professor at KU Leuven
Professor at West Pomeranian University of Technology
Professor at Otto-von-Guericke University
Professor at University of Southampton
Professor at Łódź University of Technology
Poznan University of Technology
Professor at Silesian University of Technology
Professor at Opole University of Technology
Professor at Warsaw University of Technology
Professor at Gdansk University of Technology
Professor at Gdańnk University of Technology
Professor at Opole University of Technology
Professor at Lublin University of Technology
Professor at Lublin University of Technology
Professor at University of Southampton
Professor at Warsaw University of Technology
Professor at AGH University of Science and Technology
ARCHIVES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (AEE) (previously Archiwum Elektrotechniki), quarterly journal of the Polish Academy of Sciences is OpenAccess, publishing original scientific articles and short communiques from all branches of Electrical Power Engineering exclusively in English. The main fields of interest are related to the theory & engineering of the components of an electrical power system: switching devices, arresters, reactors, conductors, etc. together with basic questions of their insulation, ampacity, switching capability etc.; electrical machines and transformers; modelling & calculation of circuits; electrical & magnetic fields problems; electromagnetic compatibility; control problems; power electronics; electrical power engineering; nondestructive testing & nondestructive evaluation. Manuscript submission: All manuscripts should be submitted electronically on Editorial System. Submission of paper to the Archives of Electrical Engineering is understood to imply that the article is original, unpublished and is not being considered for publication elsewhere. All articles will be reviewed. Since 2013, Authors wishing to use the facility of colour printing should consult the editors. Template: Microsoft Word is recommended as a standard word processor to prepare the paper to the AEE journal. If you use the LaTex format, please transfer your document to Microsoft Word and then use Template AEE. While editing your paper, make sure that all the mathematical characters (symbols, identifiers, variables, vectors, axis marks, etc.) have the required shape, thickness, and slant kept throughout the whole article. The same appearance of a given mathematic character must be retained regardless of its place (text, equations, tables or figures). The articles that don’t conform to the above will not be processed and published. The reviewing process: Each paper submitted for publication in Archives of Electrical Engineering is subjected to the following review procedure: a) the paper is reviewed by the editor in chief or guest editor for general suitability for publication in AEE b) if it is judged suitable two reviewers are selected and a double blind peer review process takes place c) based on the recommendations of the reviewers, the editor then decides whether the paper should be accepted in its present form, revised or rejected d) the author(s) is(are) informed by e-mail on the results of the reviewing procedure. The papers are published on average within 3 months after acceptance. Requirements for preparation of manuscripts: The manuscript submitted for publication should have no less than 12 pages and no more than 16 pages. In the case of the manuscript longer than 16 pages, please contact the AEE Editorial Board before submitting your paper. The manuscripts, written in UK English, should be typed using Template AEE according to the following instructions and should include: a title page with the title of a manuscript, a short title; abstract; key words, text; list of references. A DOI number as well as received and revised data will be completed by Editor. When you open Template.doc, select "Print Layout" from the "View" menu in the menu bar (View > Print Layout). Then type over sections of Template.doc or cut and paste from another document and then use markup styles (Home > Styles). For example, the style at this point in the document is "main text"). All papers submitted for publication are assessed on the basis of the mutual anonymity rule as to the names of reviewers and authors. Authors' names and affiliations should not appear in the attached text/tables/figures. If English is not your first language, ask an English-speaking colleague to proofread your manuscript. The manuscripts that fail to meet basic standards of literacy are likely to be immediately declined or after the language assessment, sent to the authors for linguistic improvement. The manuscripts are published on average within 3 months after their acceptance. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Leave some open space around your figures. The AEE journal publishes an ORCID for all authors. You will need a registered ORCID in order to submit your paper for peer review. ORCID registration is free and only takes a minute. Please note that ORCIDs will be added in the course of the author's proofreads. Text: The pages must be numbered consecutively. Articles should be divided into numbered sections, and if necessary subsections, preferably: Introduction, Material, Methods, Results, Conclusion and References. Any special characters (e.g. Greek, script, etc.) should be named in the margin where the character first occurs in the text. Names of species are to be accentuated with wavy underlining (italics). Equations should be numbered serially (1), (2), ... on the right side of the page. Footnotes should be avoided, if required, they should be used only for brief notes which do not fit well into the text. Figures and tables have to be included into the text. If table is typed on a separate page its position in the text should be marked. Abbreviations should be explained when they first appear in the text. Math: Please use the MathML editor as well as MathType editor to build an equation in your manuscript. Equations: Equations should be typed within the text, centred, and should be numbered consecutively throughout the text. Their numbers should be typed in parentheses, flush right. Equations should be referred to in text, e.g. (1), except at the beginning of a sentence: "Equation (1) is ...". All symbols appearing in equations have to be defined in the text, before or just after the equation. If the symbols are written in Times New Roman use italic fonts. Symbols of vectors and matrices should be written in bold fonts. Do not italicize Greek fonts and mathematical symbols like e.g.: the derivative symbol d, max, min, etc. The indices of symbols that are indices themselves should be written in a clear manner. Note that the equation is centered using a center tab stop. Please keep the same font in the formulas and text. Unit Symbols, Abbreviations: Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, sc, dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable. Si units are recommended for use in formulas, drawings and tables., for example the SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. Apply the center dot to separate compound units. Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of units: "Wb/m2" or "webers per square meter," not "webers/m2." Spell units when they appear in text: "...a few henries…", not "...a few H…". Use a zero before decimal points: "0.25," not ".25." Use "cm3," not "cc." Unit Symbols, SI Prefixes as well as Abbreviations should be writing in accordance with the IEEE standard Tables, figures (illustrations) and captions: The illustrations (line diagrams and photographs) should be suitable for direct reproduction. The lettering as well the details should have proportional dimensions to maintain their legibility after the usual reduction. All illustrations should be numbered consecutively (Fig. X). Tables are numbered with Arabic numerals. All figures, figure captions, and tables in the text must be inserted into the correct places. Figures, photos, tables or other parts of a manuscript that have previously appeared in another publication or are not the property of the authors must be properly acknowledged in the manuscript. Permission to republish these items must be obtained by the corresponding author from a person or institution holding the copyright, usually the publisher. Authors are requested to send all drawings used in the article in additional files. Create a separate file for each image. Images should be submitted in a bitmap format (.jpeg) or/and in a vector format (.eps, .pdf or .cdr). Each file must be saved according to the number in the original article, e.g.: FIG1.JPG, FIG2.EPS, or FIG3.PDF. Bitmap illustrations must be “flattened”, which means no additional layers, for example, covering old descriptions. Photographs, colour, and greyscale figures should be at least at a resolution of 400 dpi. All colour figures should be generated in the RGB or CMYK colour space, while greyscale images in the greyscale colour space. When preparing your figures/graphics etc., we suggest the use of the Arial 8 point font for axis numbers and Arial 9 point font for axis names. Figures/graphics etc. can be prepared in one of two proposed ways - see Template AEE. Tables are numbered with Arabic numerals. Use 9 point Times New Roman for the title of the table and 9 point Times New Roman for the filling of the table (9 in the case of symbols with subscripts). AEE journal allows an author to publish color figures in e-version at no charge, and automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. Authors wishing to use the facility of color printing should consult the editors. Conclusions: A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions. Although a conclusion may review the main points of the manuscript, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. References: References in text must be numbered consecutively by Arabic numerals placed in square brackets. Please make sure that you use full names of journals i.e. Archives of Electrical Engineering. Please ensure that all references in the Reference list are cited in the text and vice versa. Please provide name(s) and initials of author(s), the title of the manuscript, editors (if any), the title of the journal or book, a volume number, the page range, and finally the year of publication in brackets. You can use the rules presented on the site: IEEE standard. Examples of the ways in which references should be cited are given below: Journal manuscript [1] Author1 A., Author2 A., Title of paper, Title of periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx (YEAR). example [1] Steentjes S., von Pfingsten G., Hombitzer M., Hameyer K., Iron-loss model with consideration of minor loops applied to FE-simulations of electrical machines, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. vol. 49, no. 7, pp. 3945-3948 (2013). [2] Idziak P., Computer Investigation of Diagnostic Signals in Dynamic Torque of Damaged Induction Motor, Electrical Review (in Polish), to be published. [3] Cardwell W., Finite element analysis of transient electromagnetic-thermal phenomena in a squirrel cage motor, submitted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. Conference manuscript [4] Author A., Title of conference paper, Unabbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf., Country of Conf., pp. xxx-xxx (YEAR). example [4] Popescu M., Staton D.A., Thermal aspects in power traction motors with permanent magnets, Proceedings of XXIII Symposium Electromagnetic Phenomena in Nonlinear Circuits, Pilsen, Czech Republic, pp. 35-36 (2016). Book, book chapter and manual [5] Author1 A., Author2 A.B., Title of book, Name of the publisher (YEAR). example [5] Zienkiewicz O., Taylor R.L., Finite Element method, McGraw-Hill Book Company (2000). Patent [6] Author1 A., Author2 A., Title of patent, European Patent, EP xxx xxx (YEAR). example [6] Piech Z., Szelag W., Elevator brake with magneto-rheological fluid, European Patent, EP 2 197 774 B1 (2011). Thesis [7] Author A., Title of thesis, PhD Thesis, Department, University, City of Univ. (YEAR). example [7] Driesen J., Coupled electromagnetic-thermal problems in electrical energy transducers, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Applied Science, K.U. Leuven, Leuven (2000). For on electronic forms [8] Author A., Title of article, in Title of Conference, record as it appears on the copyright page], © [applicable copyright holder of the Conference Record] (copyright year), doi: [DOI number]. example [8] Kubo M., Yamamoto Y., Kondo T., Rajashekara K., Zhu B., Zero-sequence current suppression for open-end winding induction motor drive with resonant controller,in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), © APEC (2016), doi: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468259 Website [9] http://www.aee.put.poznan.pl, accessed April 2010. Proofs: Authors will receive proofs for correction, which should be returned promptly. All joint contributions must indicate the name and address of the authors to whom proofs should be sent. Fees for printing the papers in Archives of Electrical Engineering: AEE is published in Open Access, which means that all articles are available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication free of charge for the readers. Authors will be asked to a declaration that they are ready to cover the costs of printing their article. The fee for the publication of an article in the AEE journal is 200 Euro. Abstracting & Indexing: Archives of Electrical Engineering is covered by the following services: Preparation of manuscript for Archives of Electrical Engineering (AEE)
Manuscript submission:
All manuscripts should be submitted electronically on Editorial
System.
Template:
Microsoft Word is recommended as a standard word processor to prepare
the paper to the AEE journal. If you use the LaTex format, please
transfer your document to Microsoft Word and then use Template AEE.
While editing your paper, make sure that all the mathematical characters
(symbols, identifiers, variables, vectors, axis marks, etc.) have the
required shape, thickness, and slant kept throughout the whole article.
The same appearance of a given mathematic character must be retained
regardless of its place (text, equations, tables or figures).
The articles that don’t conform to the above will not be processed and
published.
The reviewing process:
Each paper submitted for publication in Archives of Electrical
Engineering is subjected to the following review procedure: Requirements for preparation of manuscripts: The manuscript submitted for publication should have no less than 12 pages and no more than 16 pages. In the case of the manuscript longer than 16 pages, please contact the AEE Editorial Board before submitting your paper. The manuscripts, written in UK English, should be typed using Template AEE according to the following instructions and should include: a title page with the title of a manuscript, a short title; abstract; key words, text; list of references. A DOI number as well as received and revised data will be completed by Editor. When you open Template.doc, select "Print Layout" from the "View" menu in the menu bar (View > Print Layout). Then type over sections of Template.doc or cut and paste from another document and then use markup styles (Home > Styles). For example, the style at this point in the document is "main text"). All papers submitted for publication are assessed on the basis of the mutual anonymity rule as to the names of reviewers and authors. Authors' names and affiliations should not appear in the attached text/tables/figures. If English is not your first language, ask an English-speaking colleague to proofread your manuscript. The manuscripts that fail to meet basic standards of literacy are likely to be immediately declined or after the language assessment, sent to the authors for linguistic improvement. The manuscripts are published on average within 3 months after their acceptance. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Leave some open space around your figures. The AEE journal publishes an ORCID for all authors. You will need a registered ORCID in order to submit your paper for peer review. ORCID registration is free and only takes a minute. Please note that ORCIDs will be added in the course of the author's proofreads. Text: The pages must be numbered consecutively. Articles should be divided into numbered sections, and if necessary subsections, preferably: Introduction, Material, Methods, Results, Conclusion and References. Any special characters (e.g. Greek, script, etc.) should be named in the margin where the character first occurs in the text. Names of species are to be accentuated with wavy underlining (italics). Equations should be numbered serially (1), (2), ... on the right side of the page. Footnotes should be avoided, if required, they should be used only for brief notes which do not fit well into the text. Figures and tables have to be included into the text. If table is typed on a separate page its position in the text should be marked. Abbreviations should be explained when they first appear in the text. Math: Please use the MathML editor as well as MathType editor to build an equation in your manuscript. Equations: Equations should be typed within the text, centred, and should be numbered consecutively throughout the text. Their numbers should be typed in parentheses, flush right. Equations should be referred to in text, e.g. (1), except at the beginning of a sentence: "Equation (1) is ...". All symbols appearing in equations have to be defined in the text, before or just after the equation. Unit Symbols, Abbreviations: Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, sc, dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless they are unavoidable. Tables, figures (illustrations) and captions: The illustrations (line diagrams and photographs) should be suitable for direct reproduction. The lettering as well the details should have proportional dimensions to maintain their legibility after the usual reduction. All illustrations should be numbered consecutively (Fig. X). Tables are numbered with Arabic numerals. Conclusions: A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions. Although a conclusion may review the main points of the manuscript, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion.
References:
References in text must be numbered consecutively by Arabic numerals
placed in square brackets. Please make sure that you use full names of
journals i.e. Archives of Electrical Engineering. Please ensure that all
references in the Reference list are cited in the text and vice versa. Proofs: Authors will receive proofs for correction, which should be returned promptly. All joint contributions must indicate the name and address of the authors to whom proofs should be sent.
Fees for printing the papers in Archives of Electrical
Engineering:
AEE is published in Open Access, which means that all articles are
available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication free
of charge for the readers. Authors will be asked to a declaration that
they are ready to cover the costs of printing their article. Abstracting & Indexing: Archives of Electrical Engineering is covered by the following services:
a) the
paper is reviewed by the editor in chief or guest editor for general
suitability for publication in AEE
b) if it is judged suitable two
reviewers are selected and a double blind peer review process takes place
c)
based on the recommendations of the reviewers, the editor then decides
whether the paper should be accepted in its present form, revised or
rejected
d) the author(s) is(are) informed by e-mail on the results
of the reviewing procedure.
The papers are published on average
within 3 months after acceptance.
If the symbols are written in Times New Roman use italic fonts. Symbols of vectors and matrices should be written in bold fonts. Do not italicize Greek fonts and mathematical symbols like e.g.: the derivative symbol d, max, min, etc. The indices of symbols that are indices themselves should be written in a clear manner.
Note that the equation is centered using a center tab stop. Please keep the same font in the formulas and text.
Si units are recommended for use in formulas, drawings and tables., for example the SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. Apply the center dot to separate compound units.
Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of units: "Wb/m2" or "webers per square meter," not "webers/m2." Spell units when they appear in text: "...a few henries…", not "...a few H…".
Use a zero before decimal points: "0.25," not ".25." Use "cm3," not "cc."
Unit Symbols, SI Prefixes as well as Abbreviations should be writing in accordance with the IEEE standard
All figures, figure captions, and tables in the text must be inserted into the correct places.
Figures, photos, tables or other parts of a manuscript that have previously appeared in another publication or are not the property of the authors must be properly acknowledged in the manuscript. Permission to republish these items must be obtained by the corresponding author from a person or institution holding the copyright, usually the publisher.
Authors are requested to send all drawings used in the article in additional files. Create a separate file for each image. Images should be submitted in a bitmap format (.jpeg) or/and in a vector format (.eps, .pdf or .cdr). Each file must be saved according to the number in the original article, e.g.: FIG1.JPG, FIG2.EPS, or FIG3.PDF. Bitmap illustrations must be “flattened”, which means no additional layers, for example, covering old descriptions. Photographs, colour, and greyscale figures should be at least at a resolution of 400 dpi.
All colour figures should be generated in the RGB or CMYK colour space, while greyscale images in the greyscale colour space.
When preparing your figures/graphics etc., we suggest the use of the Arial 8 point font for axis numbers and Arial 9 point font for axis names. Figures/graphics etc. can be prepared in one of two proposed ways - see Template AEE.
Tables are numbered with Arabic numerals. Use 9 point Times New Roman for the title of the table and 9 point Times New Roman for the filling of the table (9 in the case of symbols with subscripts).
AEE journal allows an author to publish color figures in e-version at no charge, and automatically convert them to grayscale for print versions. Authors wishing to use the facility of color printing should consult the editors.
Please
provide name(s) and initials of author(s), the title of the manuscript,
editors (if any), the title of the journal or book, a volume number, the
page range, and finally the year of publication in brackets.
You
can use the rules presented on the site: IEEE
standard b>
Examples of the ways in which references
should be cited are given below:
Journal manuscript
[1]
Author1 A., Author2 A., Title of paper, Title of periodical, vol.
x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx (YEAR).
example
[1] Steentjes S., von
Pfingsten G., Hombitzer M., Hameyer K., Iron-loss model with
consideration of minor loops applied to FE-simulations of electrical
machines, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. vol. 49, no. 7, pp.
3945-3948 (2013).
[2] Idziak P., Computer Investigation of
Diagnostic Signals in Dynamic Torque of Damaged Induction Motor,
Electrical Review (in Polish), to be published.
[3] Cardwell W., Finite
element analysis of transient electromagnetic-thermal phenomena in a
squirrel cage motor, submitted for publication in IEEE Transactions
on Magnetics.
Conference manuscript
[4] Author A., Title
of conference paper, Unabbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf.,
Country of Conf., pp. xxx-xxx (YEAR).
example
[4] Popescu
M., Staton D.A., Thermal aspects in power traction motors with
permanent magnets, Proceedings of XXIII Symposium Electromagnetic
Phenomena in Nonlinear Circuits, Pilsen, Czech Republic, pp. 35-36
(2016).
Book, book chapter and manual
[5] Author1 A.,
Author2 A.B., Title of book, Name of the publisher (YEAR).
example
[5]
Zienkiewicz O., Taylor R.L., Finite Element method, McGraw-Hill
Book Company (2000).
Patent
[6] Author1 A., Author2
A., Title of patent, European Patent, EP xxx xxx (YEAR).
example
[6]
Piech Z., Szelag W., Elevator brake with magneto-rheological fluid,
European Patent, EP 2 197 774 B1 (2011).
Thesis
[7]
Author A., Title of thesis, PhD Thesis, Department, University,
City of Univ. (YEAR).
example
[7] Driesen J., Coupled
electromagnetic-thermal problems in electrical energy transducers,
PhD Thesis, Faculty of Applied Science, K.U. Leuven, Leuven (2000).
For
on electronic forms
[8] Author A., Title of article, in
[Title of Conference, record as it appears on the copyright page], ©
[applicable copyright holder of the Conference Record] (copyright year),
doi: [DOI number].
example
[8] Kubo M., Yamamoto Y., Kondo
T., Rajashekara K., Zhu B., Zero-sequence current suppression for
open-end winding induction motor drive with resonant controller,in
IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), © APEC
(2016), doi: 10.1109/APEC.2016.7468259
Website
[9]
http://www.aee.put.poznan.pl, accessed April 2010.
The
fee for the publication of an article in the AEE journal is 200 Euro.
;
oai:journals.pan.pl:84561 ; DOI: 10.2478/v10171-011-0030-7 ; ISSN: 1427-4221 ; eISSN: 2300-2506
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2011; vol. 60; No 3 September; 349-356
Howard Cary (2001), Modern Welding Technology. ; European Commission sponsored project <i>Development of novel digital radiography technology. To facilitate the traditionally less research intensive inspection industry sector change from manual film radiography to automated digital.</i> Contract No NMP2-C-2005-515746. ; <a target="_blank" href='http://www.technic-control.com.pl/'>http://www.technic-control.com.pl/</a> ; Sikora R. (2008), Comparison of selected weld defect extraction methods, null, 975, 1034. ; European norm EN 462, part 1. <i>Non-destructive testing - Image quality of radiographs - Part 1: Image quality indicators (wire type) - Determination of image quality value.</i> (1994). ; Mehmet Sezgin (2004), Survey over image thresholding techniques and quantitative performance evaluation, Journal of Electronic Imaging, 13, 1, 146, doi.org/10.1117/1.1631315 ; Jaakko Sauvola (2000), Adaptive document image binarization, Pattern Recognition, 33, 225, doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3203(99)00055-2 ; Derrode S. (2001), Robust and efficient Fourier-Mellin transform approximations for gray-level image reconstruction and complete invariant description, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 83, 1, 57, doi.org/10.1006/cviu.2001.0922
Archives of Electrical Engineering is an open access journal with all content available with no charge in full text version.
The journal content is available under the licencse CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
2 sty 2024
9 lut 2017
$number.toString().replaceAll("[0-9](?=(?:[0-9]{3})+(?![0-9]))", "$0 ")
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https://journals.pan.pl/publication/98116
| Nazwa wydania | Data |
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| Automatic segmentation of radiographic images in industrial applications | 2 sty 2024 |
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