Applied sciences

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

Content

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2013 | 61 | No 2

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Abstract

Abstract The paper shows that symmetry forms a basis for relations between different properties of material. In this way, the key quantities for specification of an atomistic model are identified. Material symmetry distinguishes representative processes of small strains. It is proved that the errors in the densities of the energies stored in these processes determine the range of inaccuracies with which an atomistic model recreates processes of small deformations. The errors are equal to the inaccuracies in the eigenvalues of the elasticity tensor, that is in the Kelvin moduli. For cubic crystals, the elementary processes indicated by the symmetry initiate the key paths of large deformations: Bain and trigonal ones. Therefore, the substantial errors in the Kelvin moduli lead to incorrect reconstructing the metastable phases: bcc, sc and bct. The elastic constants commonly used in the literature do not provide such information as the Kelvin moduli. Using the eigenvalues of the elasticity tensor as well as other key properties indicated by the symmetry, the EAM model proposed by A.F. Voter for copper is specified. The obtained potential more accurately reproduces small and large deformations and additionally, correctly describes defect formation as well as Cu dimer properties
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Nalepka
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Abstract

Abstract The paper presents numerical analyses aimed at preliminary assessment of the protective panel effectiveness, which task is to protect the elements of building structures against explosion. For the criterion of assessing the effectiveness of the panel the load capacity of the column made of steel I-beam was chosen. Ultimate force was determined by using advanced computational procedure, which consisted of four stages: preload, blast simulation, dynamic response and static analysis of deformed structure. Blast load was simulated using Lagrangian- Eulerian domain coupling. Results indicated that the application of the protective panel significantly reduces the plastic deformation of the structure.
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Authors and Affiliations

L. Mazurkiewicz
J. Malachowski
D. Kołodziejczyk
K. Damaziak
M. Klasztorny
P. Baranowski
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Abstract

Abstract Computed tomography is one of the most significant diagnostic techniques in medicine. This work is focused on hard-field imaging, where signals take a form of straight rays and the reconstructed image can be presented as a matrix with unknown pixels. Algebraic methods for direct computation of the image have not been used in practice because of the scale of the problem and numerical errors appearing in the solution. The aim of this work was to analyse the performance of direct algebraic algorithms for tomographic image reconstruction including regularisation mechanism such as: generalised regularisation, Tikhonov regularisation, Twomey regularisation and ridge regression (RR), as well as comparing the results with the filtered backprojection (FBP) as the reference method. The performed analyses demonstrated that the regularised algebraic methods are more accurate than the commonly used FBP, and RR appeared the most precise among them. Additionally it was shown that the invariant system matrix (inverted during calculations) can be easily determined by solving the forward problem. Finally, potential directions of further research have been pointed out.
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Authors and Affiliations

D. Wysoczański
J. Mroczka
A.G. Polak
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Abstract

Abstract The contents are concerned with a concept of an oilless and frictionless compressor operating without dead movement and having functional parameters superior to compressors of renowned manufacturers. The concept is based on patents No. 68220, 83060, P377851 by W. Chomczyk and patents P394072, P385733 by W. Chomczyk, W. Ostapski and J. Piotrowski. The proposed design of an oilless compressor ensures volumetric efficiency higher than that encountered in conventional compressors. It also generates pure compressed medium without necessity of filtering from oil particles, which is especially desired in food, pharmaceutical, medical, fragrance, chemical and automation industry.
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Authors and Affiliations

W. Chomczyk
J. Piotrowski
W. Ostapski
T. Tataj
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Abstract

Abstract Copper-based composites could be widely used in automotive, electronic or electrical industry due to their very promising thermal properties. In the present paper, Cu-AlN metal matrix composites with ceramic volume fractions between 0.1 and 0.4 were fabricated by hot pressing method in vacuum. Dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the thermal conductivity (TC) on the chemical composition of composites has been investigated. The measured values of the thermal expansion coefficient have been compared with the analytical models’ predictions. A numerical model based on FEAP 7.5 in 3D space has been used to evaluate the influence of the porosity on the thermal properties (thermal conductivity) of the composite. A fairly good correlation between the FEM results and the experimental measurements has been obtained.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Chmielewski
W. Weglewski

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