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Badania kapitału marki i ich znaczenie dla gospodarki turystycznej

Małgorzata Wilk-Grzywna
Biuletyn KPZK | 2019 | No 275 | 116-120
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Wilk-Grzywna

Study of dam sediment distribution using experimental area-reduction method Case study: Karun Dam

Rakhmat Yusuf Aan Komariah Dedy Achmad Kurniady Mardiani Mardiani Jumintono Jumintono Khaldoon T. Falih Oleg V. Kabanov Surendar Aravindhan Mustafa Mohammed Kadhim
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 54 | 116-120 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.141562
Keywords area-reduction method dam reservoir distribution of sediment elevation–area curve elevation–volume curve
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Abstract

Dam construction is one of the measures that is inevitable in many cases and must be done to supply drinking water, agricultural uses and electricity generation. There are many challenges to a successful dam project, and the managers of each project must consider the appropriate solutions for them. One of the studies that is done in dam design is sedimentation in dam reservoirs. The experimental area-reduction method is a very common technique that obtains the sediment distribution in depth and longitudinal profile. This technique shows that sediment accumulation is not limited to the bottom reservoirs. Sediment accumulation in a reservoir is usually distributed below the top of the protection reservoir or normal water level. In this study, the distribution of sediment in the reservoir of Karun Dam after a period of 65 years has been done using the experimental area-reduction method. Elevation–volume and elevation–area curves of the dam reservoir are obtained after the useful life of the dam and sediment deposition. The results showed that after 65 years, 106.47·10 6 m 3 of sediment is deposited in the reservoir of the dam and the useful volume of the reservoir is significantly reduced. Also, up to a height of 36.4 m, the dam reservoir is filled with sediment. Therefore, no valve should be placed up to this height.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rakhmat Yusuf
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aan Komariah
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dedy Achmad Kurniady
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mardiani Mardiani
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jumintono Jumintono
2
ORCID: ORCID
Khaldoon T. Falih
3
ORCID: ORCID
Oleg V. Kabanov
4
ORCID: ORCID
Surendar Aravindhan
5
ORCID: ORCID
Mustafa Mohammed Kadhim
6
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Department of Civil Engineering, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Isola, Kec. Sukasari, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40154, Indonesia
  2. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Faculty of Technical and Vocational Education, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
  3. Al-Ayen University, Scientific Research Center, New Era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
  4. National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Russia
  5. Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Chennai, India
  6. Al-Kut University College, School of Science and Engineering, Kut, Wasit, Iraq

Long-term Annealing of NiCrAlY LENS Coating on 316L Steel

K.K. Szymański
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2022 | vol. 22 | No 4 | 116-120 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.143959
Keywords NiCrAlY LENS Additive manufacturing Long-term annealing Microstructural stability
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Abstract

This article presents the results of a research on the behavior of NiCrAlY coating obtained by the LENS method on austenitic stainless steel type 316L under long-term annealing conditions at 1000°C for 25, 100 and 250 hours. The morphology of the NiCrAlY layer as a function of annealing time and temperature was characterized. The chemical composition and distribution of alloying elements were eval-uated using scanning microscopy and micro-area chemical composition analysis. It was revealed that NiCrAlY coatings deposited by LENS method are characterized by good metallurgical quality. The long-term annealing of the NiCrAlY coating led to microstructural changes in the form of the disappearance of the original dendritic structure and the formation of a solid solution of nickel with chromium and a small amount of aluminum, as well as chromium α-Cr precipitates and Ni-Y-type phases. The effect of increasing iron concentration in the coating due to diffusion-to-core processes was also found
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Bibliography

[1] Zhu, C., Javed, A., Li, P., Liang, Y. & Xiao, P. (2013). Study of the effect of laser treatment on the initial oxidation behaviour of Al-coated NiCrAlY bond-coat. Surfaces and Interface Analysis. 45(11-12), 1680-1689. DOI: 10.1002/sia.5307.
[2] Taylor, M.P. & Evans, H.E. (2003). Formation of diffusion cells in LPPS MCrAlY coatings. Materials at High Temperature. 20(4), 461-465. DOI: 10.1179/mht.2003.053.
[3] Nijdam, T., Jeurgens, L. & Sloof, W. (2005). Promoting exclusive α-Al2O3 growth upon high-temperature oxidation of NiCrAl alloys: experiment versus model predictions. Acta Materialia. 53(6), 1643-1653. DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.12.014.
[4] Choi, H., Yoon, B., Kim, H. & Lee, C. (2002). Isothermal oxidation of air plasma spray NiCrAlY bond coatings. Surface & Coatings Technology. 150(2-3), 297-308. DOI: 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01557-2.
[5] Zhu, C., Li, P., Javed, A., Liang, G.Y. & Xiao, P. (2012). An investigation on the microstructure and oxidation behavior of laser remelted air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings. Surfaces and Coatings Technology 206(18), 3739-3746. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.03.026.
[6] Ghasemi, R., Razavi, R.S., Mozafarinia, R., Jamali, H., Oghaz, M.H. & Pidani, R.A. (2014). The influence of laser treatment on hot corrosion behavior of plasma-sprayed nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings. Journal of European Ceramic Society. 34(8), 2013-2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.01.031.
[7] Nowotny, S., Berger, L.-M. & Spatzier, J. (2014). Coatings by laser cladding. Comprehensive hard materials. Editors: V.K. Sarin. Elsevier. 507-525. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-096527-7.00018-0.
[8] Moskal, G., Niemiec, D., Chmiela, B., Kałamarz, P., Durejko, T., Ziętala, M. & Czujko, T. (2020). Microstructural characterization of laser-cladded NiCrAlY coatings on Inconel 625 Ni-based superalloy and 316L stainless steel. Surface & Coatings Technology 387, 125317. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.- 2019.125317.
[9] Ma, K. Tang, F., & Schoenung, J.M. (2010). Investigation into the effects of Fe additions on the equilibrium phase compositions, phase fractions and phase stabilities in the Ni-Cr-Al system. Acta Materialia. 58(5), 1518-1529. DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.10.059.
[10] Zhang, P., Li, X., Moverare, J. & Peng, R. (2019). The iron effect on oxidation and interdiffusion behaviour in MCrAlX coated Ni-base superalloys. Materials & Design. 166(15), 107599. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107599.
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Authors and Affiliations

K.K. Szymański
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Silesian Technical University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Metallurgy and Recycling, ul. Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

Application of X-S Control Cards to Parameter Control in the Machining Process of Piston Castings for Internal Combustion Engines

A. Krępa J. Piątkowski
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2021 | vo. 21 | No 4 | 116-120 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2021.139759
Keywords Control cards Casting quality management SPC Pistons for internal combustion engines
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Abstract

This article discusses the possibility of using a two-track X-S control card on a Mesas device to control the production process parameters of piston castings for combustion engines. The research was carried out at the Federal-Mogul Gorzyce company. The basis for estimating the variability of the process results from the mean value (X) is the standard deviation (S). Thanks to specially designed measuring stations that use algorithms to calculate process indicators (Cp and/or Cpk) and their visualization, the cost of manufacturing products and the number of non-compliant products (scraps) are reduced. The process stability was investigated by measuring the key dimensions of the piston casting in a specific population and a given measurement cycle. Taking into account the precision of details, their technical condition, and surface quality, the production machines and cutting tools were optimally selected. It has been found that an important element of the effective use of Statistical Process Control (SPC) are trained/experienced operators who can correctly interpret the resulting control chart forms.
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Bibliography

[1] Czarski, A., Satora, K. (1998). Statistical process control. Teaching materials. Cracow: Stat-Q-Mat s.c.
[2] Dahlgaard, J.J., Kristensen, K., Kanji, G.K. (2002). Podstawy zarządzania jakością. Warsaw: PWN.
[3] Grant, E.L., Leavenworth, R.S. (1996). Statistical quality control. McGraw-Hill.
[4] Hamrol, A. (2005). Quality management with examples. Warsaw: PWN.
[5] Kończak, G. (2000). Application of control cards in quality control in the course of production. Katowice: Publishing House of the University of Economics in Katowice.
[6] Kończak, G. (2007). Statistical methods in controlling the quality of production. Katowice: Publishing House of the University of Economics in Katowice.
[7] Maliński, M. (2004). Computer aided verification of statistical hypotheses. Katowice: Publishing House of the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice.
[8] Chrapoński, J. (2010). Fundamentals of statistical processes control. Katowice: Publishing House of the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice.
[9] Statistical Process Control SPC Second edition. AIAG, Berlin-London, July 2005, p. 57.
[10] Polska Norma PN-ISO 8258+AC1: Karty kontrolne Shewharta. PKN, 1996.
[11] Quality Assurance for Suppliers. Quality Management in the Automotive Industry. Production process and product approval (PPA). 5th edition, Berlin 2012.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Krępa
1
J. Piątkowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Federal-Mogul Gorzyce Sp. z o.o., Odlewników 52, 39-432 Gorzyce, Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8 Gliwice, Poland

Two Mesopotamian bricks in Warsaw

Paulina Pikulska
Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies | 2021 | vol. LXXIV | No 2 | 116-120 | DOI: 10.24425/ro.2021.139549
Keywords cuneiform writing royal inscriptions brick inscriptions Amar-Suen Shalmaneser III
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Abstract

This paper comments on two Mesopotamian bricks belonging to collections of the Asia and Pacific Museum and the National Museum in Warsaw. Both bricks bear cuneiform inscriptions. The first was fashioned during the reign of the Ur king Amar-Suen (c. 2046–2038 BC) while the second is to be dated to the reign of the Neo-Assyrian king Shalmaneser III (858–824 BC). They commemorate building projects commissioned by these two Mesopotamian kings.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Pikulska
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Warsaw, Poland

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