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Abstract

In this article, an analysis of an innovative system for filtering signals in the audible range (16 Hz - 20 kHz) on programmable logic devices using a filters with a finite impulse response, is presented. Mentioned system was neat combination of software and hardware platform, where in the program layer a multiple programming languages including VHDL, JavaScript, Matlab or HTML were used to create completely useful application. To determine the coefficients of polynomial filters the Matlab Filter Design & Analysis Tool was used. Thanks to the developed graphic layer, a user-friendly interface was created, which allows easily transfer the required coefficients from the computer to the executive system. The practical implementation made on the FPGA platform, specifically on the Altera DE2- 115 development kit with the FPGA Cyclone IV, was compared with simulation realization of Matlab FIR filters. The performed research confirm the effectiveness of filtration in real time with up to 128th order of the filter for both audio channels simultaneously in FPGA-based system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adrian Lipowski
1
Paweł Majewski
1
Sławomir Pluta
1

  1. Opole University Technology, Opole, Poland
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Abstract

Aluminum casting alloys are widely used in especially automotive, aerospace, and other industrial applications due to providing desired mechanical characteristics and their high specific strength properties. Along with the increase of application areas, the importance of recycling in aluminum alloys is also increasing. The amount of energy required for producing primary ingots is about ten times the amount of energy required for the production of recycled ingots. The large energy savings achieved by using the recycled ingots results in a significant reduction in the amount of greenhouse gas released to nature compared to primary ingot production. Production can be made by adding a certain amount of recycled ingot to the primary ingot so that the desired mechanical properties remain within the boundary conditions. In this study, by using the A356 alloy and chips with five different quantities (100% primary ingots, 30% recycled ingots + 70% primary ingots, 50% recycled ingots + 50% primary ingots, 70% recycled ingots + 30% primary ingots, 100% recycled ingots), the effect on mechanical properties has been examined and the maximum amount of chips that can be used in production has been determined. T6 heat treatment was applied to the samples obtained by the gravity casting method and the mechanical properties were compared depending on the amount of chips. Besides, microstructural examinations were carried out with optical microscopy techniques. As a result, it has been observed that while producing from primary ingots, adding 30% recycled ingot to the alloy composition improves the mechanical properties of the alloy such as yield strength and tensile strength to a certain extent. However, generally a downward pattern was observed with increasing recycled ingot amount.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

A.Y. Kaya
1
O. Özaydın
1
T. Yağcı
2
A. Korkmaz
2
E. Armakan
1
O. Çulha
2

  1. Cevher Alloy Wheels Co. / R&D Dept., İzmir, Turkey
  2. Manisa Celal Bayar University, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Manisa, Turkey
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Abstract

The process of vitrification of the cumulus-oocyte complex (COCs) often results in cold shock. When warming, heat shock occurs which can disrupt the balance of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) intensity. Drastic changes in temperature cause Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), affecting changes on Ca2+ in COCs. The role of calcium is needed for oocyte activation in the fertilization process. The purpose of this study was to measure the expression of Ca2+ and the intensity of Ca2+ in COCs after vitrification. The study was divided into 2 groups, the control group (C) of fresh COCs, and the treatment group (T) of COCs after vitrification. After vitrification for 24 hours, then thawing, the expression of Ca2+ was examined using the Immunocytochemistry (ICC) method and the intensity of calcium (Ca2+) with a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). The research data obtained were analyzed statistically by T-Test. The results showed that the expression of Ca2+ in the control group (12.00±0.00) was different from the treatment group (0.35±0.79). The intensity of Ca2+ in the control group (1059.43±489.59) was different from the treatment group (568.21±84.31). The conclusion of this study is that cryopreservation affects calcium in COCs; there were differences in the expression and the intensity of Ca2+ between fresh COCs and COCs after vitrification. Ca2+ intensity of COCs after vitrification was concentrated in the nucleus, while in fresh COCs it was concentrated in the cytoplasm.
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Bibliography


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Authors and Affiliations

W. Widjiati
1
Z. Faizah
2
N. Darsini
2
V.F. Hendrawan
3
H.N. Karima
4
C. Chotimah
4
S.B. Sumitro
5
L.R. Yustinasari
6
A.A.M.N. Kasman
7
J.M. Ntoruru
8
E.M. Luqman
6

  1. Post Graduate School of Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
  2. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
  3. Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia
  4. Bio-Science Central Laboratory, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia
  5. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Indonesia
  6. Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
  7. Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
  8. Research Assistant, Meru University, Kenya
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Abstract

The Franssen illusion, or Franssen effect (FE), is one of the auditory spatial illusions. Few studies have explored the FE, and the mechanisms underlying it remain unknown. The present study was conducted to clarify the FE occurrence with different tasks and presentation modes in young adults. It also sought to investigate possible neurophysiological similarities between interaural time difference (ITD) cue processing and FE perception. FE perception was evaluated using two different tasks and two presentation modes (i.e., insert phones and loudspeakers). Sound reflections (reverberation) were presented in the diffuse field (loudspeaker mode). ITD performance was investigated using different stimuli delivered via insert phones. No significant difference between the two FE perception tasks was found ( F 1,25 = 0.138, p = 0.713). However, the FE perception showed a significant difference between the two presentation modes (F 1,25 = 434.03, p < 0.001). Spearman’s correlation did not reveal a significant relationship between FE perception and ITD scores ( p > 0.05).
The current findings show the importance of reverberation in the FE occurrence. Also, the non-significant correlation between the results of the behavioral binaural temporal resolution test and FE perception in young people with normal temporal resolution may indicate that room reflections (reverberation) complicate the ability to process ITDs (rather than poor ITD processing for the “steady state” portion of signal).
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Authors and Affiliations

Mehri Maleki
1
Mohsen Ahadi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Amirsalar Jafarpisheh
2
Amin Asgharzadeh
3
Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban
4
Reyhane Toufan
1

  1. Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Audiology School of Rehabilitation Sciences Iran University of Medical Sciences
  2. University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran, Iran
  3. Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
  4. Proteomics Research Center, Department of Biostatistics School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of palaeobotanical studies (pollen and plant macrofossil analyses) of the sediments from the profile Michałowo P-3 (Gródek-Michałowo Depression, NE Poland). At this profile the second bed of peat under Holocene peat and the layer of silts and sands was discovered. The pollen succession indicates that they were deposited, with some gaps, from the beginning of Eernian Interglacial to Early Vistulian. The local pollen zones, distinguished in the pollen diagram, correlate with the regional pollen stratigraphy of the Eemian Interglacial, but the pollen record of hornbeam (ES R PAZ) and spruce (E6 R PAZ) regional zones is absent in Michałowo. In the middle part of the Michałowo pine zone (Mi-5 Pinus L PAZ), a cool oscillation of climate is marked by an opening of forests and development of herb plant communities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mirosława Kupryjanowicz
Danuta Drzymulska
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Abstract

As a consequence of recent implementations of EU Directives related to noise protection more and more students of various AGH-UST programs are introduced to the basics of acoustic measurements. Students at various levels of theoretical background in the field of acoustic measurements are offered practical training in measurements using digital sound analyzers. The situation would be optimal if each student could have a device at his/her own disposal. Unfortunately, such a situation is not possible at the moment because of various reasons.

With the above problem in mind, a dedicated software package has been developed, implemented in the LabVIEW environment, which allows detailed studies of problems related to the acoustic signal measurement using sound level meters, as well as tasks in spectral analysis (1/1 and 1/3 band filters) and narrow-band (FFT) analysis. With such organization during the introductory laboratory classes each student is offered a direct individual contact with a virtual device that is properly pre-programmed for realization of a well-constructed learning process. It definitely facilitates understanding of the essence of acoustic signal measurements and provides a good basis for further laboratory work carried out as a team-activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

Robert Barański
Grażyna Wszołek

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