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A 128-Channel High Precision Time Measurement Module

Longfei Kang Lei Zhao Jiawen Zhou Qi An

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2013 | No 2 | 275-286 | DOI: 10.2478/mms-2013-0024

Keywords high precision time measurement PXI data transfer commissioning test

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Abstract

In the external target experiment for heavy ion collisions in the HIRFL-CSR, Multi-Wire Drift Chambers are used to measure the drift time of charged particles to obtain the track information. This 128-channel high precision time measurement module is designed to perform the time digitization. The data transfer is based on a PXI interface to guarantee a high data rate. Test results show that a 100 ps resolution with a data transfer rate up to 40 MBps has been achieved; this module has also been proven to function well with the detector through a commissioning test.

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Authors and Affiliations

Longfei Kang

Lei Zhao

Jiawen Zhou

Qi An

Adaptive filtering-based current reconstruction in non-contact magnetic sensor array measurement system

Yafeng Chen Qi Huang

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2019 | vol. 26 | No 4 | 697-711 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2019.130567

Keywords current measurement adaptive filtering sensor array gauss white noise

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Abstract

The non-contact current measurement method with magnetic sensors has become a subject of research. Unfortunately, magnetic sensors fail to distinguish the interested magnetic field from nearby interference and suffer from gauss white noise due to the intrinsic noise of the sensor and external disturbance. In this paper, a novel adaptive filtering-based current reconstruction method with a magnetic sensor array is proposed. Interference-rejection methods based on two classic algorithms, the least-mean-square (LMS) and recursive-least-square (RLS) algorithms, are compared when used in the parallel structure and regular triangle structure of three-phase system. Consequently, the measurement range of RLS-based algorithm is wider than that of LMS-based algorithm. The results of carried out simulations and experiments show that RLS-based algorithms can measure currents with an error of around 1%. Additionally, the RLS-based algorithm can filter the gauss white noise whose magnitude is within 10% of the linear magnetic field range of the sensor.

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Authors and Affiliations

Yafeng Chen

Qi Huang

Theoretical Analysis of Temperature Rising for Chilled Water in the Long Distance Transport Pipelines in Coal Mine

Qi Yudong Cheng Weimin Xin Song

Archives of Mining Sciences | 2019 | vol. 64 | No 4 | 785-796 | DOI: 10.24425/ams.2019.131066

Keywords heat transfer friction heat model theoretical analysis

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Abstract

In order to provide sufficient cooling capacity for working and heading faces of the coal mine, chilled water is often transported a long distance along pipelines in deep mine, which inevitably results in its temperature rising owing to heat transfer through pipe wall and the friction heat for flow resistance. Through theoretical models for temperature increasing of the chilled water were built. It is pointed out that the temperature rising of the chilled water should be considered as a result of the synergy effects of the heat transfer and the friction heat, but theoretical analysis shows that within engineering permitting error range, the temperature increasing can be regarded as the sum caused by heat transfer and fraction heat respectively, and the calculation is simplified. The calculation analysis of the above two methods was made by taking two type of pipe whose diameters are De273 × 7 mm and De377 × 10 mm, with 15 km length in coal mine as an example, which shows that the error between the two methods is not over 0.04°C within the allowable error range. Aims at the commonly used chilled water diameter pipe, it is proposed that if the specific frictional head loss is limited between 100 Pa/m and 400 Pa/m, the proportion of the frictional temperature rising is about 24%~81% of the total, and it will increase with high flow velocity and the thin of the pipe. As a result, the friction temperature rising must not be ignored and should be paid enough attention in calculation of the chilled water temperature rising along pipe.

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Authors and Affiliations

Qi Yudong

Cheng Weimin

Xin Song

A Predication Analysis of the Factors Influencing Minimum Ignition Temperature of Coal Dust Cloud Based on Principal Component Analysis and Support Vector Machine

Dan Zhao Hao Qi Jingtao Pan

Archives of Mining Sciences | 2019 | vol. 64 | No 2 | 335-350 | DOI: 10.24425/ams.2019.128687

Keywords Coal dust explosion minimum ignition temperature principal component analysis SVM predication

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Abstract

To investigate the effect of different proximate index on minimum ignition temperature(MIT) of coal dust cloud, 30 types of coal specimens with different characteristics were chosen. A two-furnace automatic coal proximate analyzer was employed to determine the indexes for moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and MIT of different types of coal specimens. As the calculated results showed that these indexes exhibited high correlation, a principal component analysis (PCA) was adopted to extract principal components for multiple factors affecting MIT of coal dust, and then, the effect of the indexes for each type of coal on MIT of coal dust was analyzed. Based on experimental data, support vector machine (SVM) regression model was constructed to predicate the MIT of coal dust, having a predicating error below 10%. This method can be applied in the predication of the MIT for coal dust, which is beneficial to the assessment of the risk induced by coal dust explosion (CDE).

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Authors and Affiliations

Dan Zhao

e-mail:

ORCID:

Hao Qi

Jingtao Pan

Study on the distribution of SAR and temperature in human brain during radio-frequency cosmetic treatment

Xinzhe Qi Mai Lu

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 1 | 115-127 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2021.136056

Keywords electromagnetic exposure human head model ICNIRP guidelines radiofrequency cosmetic instruments safety assessment

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Abstract

This paper established a radio-frequency electrode model and human head model used in RF cosmetic instruments. The distribution of electric field strength, a specific absorption rate (SAR), and temperature distribution in the human brain at 1 MHz and 6 MHz were studied and the results compared with the International Commission on Nonionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines. The results showed that under those two frequencies the maximum value of electric field strength in the human brain was 1.52 V/m and it was about 5.4% of the ICNIRP basic restrictions, the maximum SAR in human brain was about 2:21 ? 10??3 W/kg, which was far less than 2 W/kg of ICNIRP basic restrictions, the maximum temperature of the human brainwas 37:6? located in thewounded skin, which was the same as the normal temperature 37?. Since all the results were within the ICNIRP basic restrictions, the electromagnetic exposure generated by the RF cosmetic electrode will not pose a threat to the human health.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Xinzhe Qi

1

Mai Lu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Key Laboratory of Opt-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P.R. China

Safety assessment of the construction of double track tunnels underneah exsiting railway tunnels

Fengfeng Guo Yupeng Chen Yongjie Zhang Qi Feng Da Cui

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2024 | vol. 70 | No 1 | 375-387 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2024.148917

Keywords double-line tunnel underpass construction stratum settlement repetitive disturbance numerical simulation

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Abstract

The ground disturbance caused by the tunnel construction will inevitably have an impact on the upper part of the constructed tunnel structure, and the railroad tunnel requires a very high level of control over the structural settlement deformation. For the problem of double-hole tunnel under the built tunnel, this paper takes Chongqing Mingyue Mountain Tunnel under the built Shanghai-Rong Railway Paihua Cave tunnel and Zheng-Yu Railway tunnel as the engineering background, and starts from the mechanism of ground loss caused by tunnel excavation, firstly, the settlement at the height of the existing tunnel strata is obtained through theoretical analysis, and the new Mingyue Mountain Tunnel under the Shanghai-Rong Railway tunnel is determined to be a more dangerous section. Further simulate and calculate the dynamic excavation process of the new double-hole tunnel underpass, and study the settlement deformation law of the Mingyue Mountain Tunnel underpassing the Hurong Railway Tunnel. According to the requirements of railroad tunnel for settlement deformation control, the new tunnel is determined to be constructed by step method to ensure the safety of railroad tunnel. The shortcomings of the theoretical calculation are analyzed to illustrate the important role of numerical simulation in the evaluation of tunnel underpass projects.

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Authors and Affiliations

Fengfeng Guo

1

Yupeng Chen

2

Yongjie Zhang

1

Qi Feng

3

Da Cui

4

Tunnel Engineering Company, Ltd. of CCCC, Beijing, China
Power China Railway Construction Investment GroupCo., LTD, Beijing, China
College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum. Qingdao, China
No. 7 Engineering Co., LTD, CCCC First Highway Engineering Group Co., LTD. Zhengzhou, China

Influence of Asymmetrical Bending Pipe with Different Gating Systems on Low-Pressure Metal Mold Casting

Ning Wang Rong Li ZiQi Zhang Qi. Zeng

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 1 | 83-102 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144284

Keywords Casting simulation Gating system Asymmetric asymmetrical bending pipe Low-pressure casting Metal mold

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Abstract

To prepare a high-quality asymmetrical bending pipe of aluminum alloy by casting, the parting surfaces of the asymmetrical parts were determined based on the characteristics of the parts. Also, the forming process was designed and calculated. After that, the different types of gating systems were designed and the casting process was calculated by ProCAST, and then the influence of different casting gating systems on asymmetrical bending pipes was analyzed. The simulation results show that in the solidification process, although the filling speed of the single runner was slow, but the filling was stable. The gating system with a single runner-round flange filling system would lead to being more uniform for filling flow field and be sequential solidification of temperature field distribution, and stronger of the feeding ability. During the solidification process, the solid phase ratio of the single runner-round flange casting system is larger, and the shrinkage volume is smaller, which made the quality of castings better. Finally, a metal mold and core were made to cast a perfect asymmetric bending pipe of aluminum alloy product in a die casting machine. So the single runner-round flange filling system is suitable for asymmetrical bending pipe casting.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ning Wang

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rong Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

ZiQi Zhang

1

Qi. Zeng

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Normal University
Guiyang Huaheng Mechanical Manufacture CO., LTD, China

Error analysis of the three-phase electrical energy calculation method in the case of voltage-loss failure

Han-miao Cheng Zhong-dong Wang Qi-xin Cai Xiao-quan Lu Yu-xiang Gao Rui-peng Song Zheng-qi Tian Xiao-xing Mu

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2019 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 505-516 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2019.129575

Keywords three-phase electrical energy meter voltage-loss failure voltage substitution three-phase voltage unbalance calculation error

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Abstract

The single-phase voltage loss is a common fault. Once the voltage-loss failure occurs, the amount of electrical energy will not be measured, but it is to be calculated so as to protect the interest of the power supplier. Two automatic calculation methods, the power substitution and the voltage substitution, are introduced in this paper. Considering the lack of quantitative analysis of the calculation error of the voltage substitution method, the grid traversal method and MATLAB tool are applied to solve the problem. The theoretical analysis indicates that the calculation error is closely related to the voltage unbalance factor and the power factor, and the maximum calculation error is about 6% when the power system operates normally. To verify the theoretical analysis, two three-phase electrical energy metering devices have been developed, and verification tests have been carried out in both the lab and field conditions. The lab testing results are consistent with the theoretical ones, and the field testing results show that the calculation errors are generally below 0.2%, that is correct in most cases.

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Authors and Affiliations

Han-miao Cheng

Zhong-dong Wang

Qi-xin Cai

Xiao-quan Lu

Yu-xiang Gao

Rui-peng Song

Zheng-qi Tian

Xiao-xing Mu

Research on the influence of power frequency electric field of pantograph on passengers’ health in high-speed EMU

Rui Tian Jia-qi Zhang Mai Lu

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 72 | No 2 | 483-501 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2023.145421

Keywords induced current density induced electric field intensity high-speed EMU pantograph power frequency electric field

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Abstract

In this work we discussed the safety of the electric field environment in the No.3 carriage where the pantograph is located. DSA380 pantograph, CRH5 EMU carriage and passengers’ models were established to study the electric field exposure of passengers at different positions. The results showed that E_max in the carriage without passengers is 1.173 x 10 ⁶ mV/m. Then we set the passengers’ positions according to the electric field distribution in the carriage without passengers and obtained that E_maxin the carriage with passengers is 3.195 x 10 ⁶ mV/m. It can be seen that the maximum induced electric field intensity of passengers at different positions appears on the soles of shoes, the maximum value is 3.028 x 105 mV/m, the maximum induced current density occurs at the ankle, its maximum value is 3.476 x 10 ^-5 A/m ². It can be concluded that the maximum induced electric field intensity of passenger’s head appears in the cerebrospinal fluid area, with a maximum value of 202.817 mV/m, and the maximum induced electric field intensity of passenger’s head at the door is larger than that in the middle of the carriage. The maximum values of the induced electric field intensity in all tissues of passengers are much smaller than the basic limits of electromagnetic exposure to the public set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). This study indicated that the pantograph has little influence on the electric field environment in the carriage under working state, and will not cause any health hazard to the passengers in this working frequency electric field environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rui Tian

1

Jia-qi Zhang

1

Mai Lu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Gansu Province, China

High accuracy Land Use Land Cover (LULC) maps for detecting agricultural drought effects in rainfed agro-ecosystems in central Mexico

Andres Sierra-Soler Jan Adamowski Zhiming Qi Hossein Saadat Santosh Pingale

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2015 | No 26 | 19-35

Keywords drought LULC maps remote sensing spectral indices

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Abstract

Satellite remote sensing provides a synoptic view of the land and a spatial context for measuring drought impacts, which have proved to be a valuable source of spatially continuous data with improved information for monitoring vegetation dynamics. Many studies have focused on detecting drought effects over large areas, given the wide availability of low-resolution images. In this study, however, the objective was to focus on a smaller area (1085 km2) using Landsat ETM+ images (multispectral resolution of 30 m and 15 m panchromatic), and to process very accurate Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification to determine with great precision the effects of drought in specific classes. The study area was the Tortugas-Tepezata sub watershed (Moctezuma River), located in the state of Hidalgo in central Mexico. The LULC classification was processed using a new method based on available ancillary information plus analysis of three single date satellite images. The newly developed LULC methodology developed produced overall accuracies ranging from 87.88% to 92.42%. Spectral indices for vegetation and soil/vegetation moisture were used to detect anomalies in vegetation development caused by drought; furthermore, the area of water bodies was measured and compared to detect changes in water availability for irrigated crops. The proposed methodology has the potential to be used as a tool to identify, in detail, the effects of drought in rainfed agricultural lands in developing regions, and it can also be used as a mechanism to prevent and provide relief in the event of droughts.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andres Sierra-Soler

Jan Adamowski

Zhiming Qi

Hossein Saadat

Santosh Pingale

Analysis of the Microstructure and Hardness of Aluminum Alloy Gradient Plate Prepared by Friction Stir

Song Weiwei Pu Jiafei Jiang Di Ge Xiaole Dong Qi Wang Hongfeng

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 4 | 1545-1554 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.146221

Keywords Friction stir joining Aluminum alloy Performance gradient Microstructure Hardness

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Abstract

The aluminum alloy performance gradient plate was prepared by friction stir joining. Analysis results of the macro morphology, microstructure, and hardness of the aluminum alloy performance gradient plate prepared under various parameters show that when the feed speed of the stirring tool is 250 mm/min, the downward pressure of the stirring tool is 6.6 mm, and the rotation speed of the stirring tool changes from 200 rpm to 800 rpm. The macroscopic morphology of the aluminum alloy gradient plates prepared by the method first changed from burr to smooth, and vice versa. There is a different cross-section morphology of the prepared aluminum alloy gradient plates, however, the aluminum alloy plates are stirred and involved with each other, and the grains of the prepared plates are refined. The hardness of the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum alloy gradient sheet decreases, whereas that of the upper surface of the side increases, and that of the middle and bottom sides also decreases. However, the hardness of the middle side of the sheet prepared with the rotation speed of the stirring tool at 800 rpm increases, but that of the bottom side still decreases. Obtained through analysis that the performance of the aluminum alloy gradient sheet prepared at the stirring tool rotation speed of 500 rpm increases in equal proportion to achieve a good performance gradient change.

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Authors and Affiliations

Song Weiwei

1 2 3

Pu Jiafei

1 2 3

Jiang Di

1 2 3

Ge Xiaole

1 2 3

Dong Qi

1 2 3

Wang Hongfeng

1 2 3

Huangshan University, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Huangshan 245041, P.R. China
Anhui Simulation Design and Modern Engineering Research Center, Huangshan 245041, P.R. China
Anhui Province Tea Chrysanthemum Intelligent Processing Equipment Engineering Research Center, Huangshan 245041, P.R. China

Research on the intelligent positioning method of tunnel excavation face

Jiesheng Zhang Yongzheng Qi

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2022 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 431-441 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2022.140178

Keywords tunnel excavation face intelligent positioning method graphic data conversion

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Abstract

Tunnel construction survey must be necessary to be very quick so that the results can be known as soon as possible. This aim can be achieved through the intelligent positioning method of tunnel excavation face. In this study, the plane parameters of the tunnel cross-section were transformed into the coordinates of the points on the cross-section to realize the automatic transformation of graphic data. According to the theoretical calculation of the lofting point accuracy, the appropriate measurement control network level and measurement accuracy and the appropriate measurement instruments were selected. The fast and intelligent positioning and setting out of tunnel excavation face was realized base on the technology of data communication between computer and measuring instruments. The intelligent positioning method of tunnel excavation face could greatly reduce the time of measurement and positioning, speed up the project progress, reduce the project risk, shorten the construction period and reduce the project cost.

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Bibliography

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[3] Z. Lei, “Application of Total Station ’s Surrounding Measurement Function in Highway Survey and Design”, Peak Data Science, 2017, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 105–107.
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[8] C.X. Niu, “Construction Survey of Tanba No. 4 Spiral Tunnel on Xiaohe-Ankang Highway”, Tunnel Construction, 2014, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 163–166, DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.1672-741X.2014.02.013.
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[11] Y.X. Hu, Y. Yue, H.D. Zhang, et al., “Application of Gyroscope in Directional Measurement of Long Distance Cross Sea Metro Tunnel”, Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2019, vol. 2019, no. 6, pp. 172–175.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jiesheng Zhang

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yongzheng Qi

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

The First Engineering Co., LTD. of CTCE Group, No. 434 Fuyang North Road, Hefei 230041, China
Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China

Seismic Damage Behaviour of Aeolian Sand Concrete Columns with I-Shaped Structural Steel

Yaohong Wang Heyan Wang Yanpeng Wang Meng Zhao Jin Qi Guangzong Huo Peiqi Liu

Archives of Civil Engineering | Vol. 66 | No 4 | 633-650 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2020.135241

Keywords aeolian sand columns I-shaped structural steel seismic damage behaviour damage model

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Abstract

To promote the application of aeolian sand resources for steel-concrete composite structures, an aeolian sand reinforced concrete column with I-shaped structural steel is proposed in this study. Four specimens are designed and manufactured with different replacement rates of aeolian sand. The seismic behaviour and damage evolution process of the specimens are studied by low-cycle repeated loading tests. Based on the test results, the mechanical characteristics, failure modes, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, energy dissipation capacity, displacement ductility, and stiffness degradation of the specimens with different replacement rates of aeolian sand are analysed. In addition, the effects of the design parameters on the seismic behaviour of the specimens are also studied. The results show that the indexes of the seismic behaviour can be significantly improved by adding steel. Moreover, a revised damage model is proposed, to better reflect the evolution law of seismic damage of aeolian sand reinforced concrete columns with steel. The proposed model can provide an important reference for seismic damage assessment of the columns.

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Authors and Affiliations

Yaohong Wang

Heyan Wang

Yanpeng Wang

Meng Zhao

Jin Qi

Guangzong Huo

Peiqi Liu

Low Temperature Welding Test and Numerical Simulation of Metallurgical Phase Transformation of Q460GJC Thick Plate

Xin Li Meng Wang Han Qi Jie Li Changchun Pan Jing Zhang Jingman Lai

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 4 | 1533-1543 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.146220

Keywords Low temperature welding of thick plate Q460GJC Microstructure Numerical simulation of phase transition

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Abstract

This paper conducts low temperature welding tests on Q460GJC thick plate (60 mm), and based on the basic theory of phase transformation structure evolution, a three-dimensional microstructure evolution analysis method for large welded joints is established, and the analysis of the evolution process of multi-layer and multi-pass weld structure under the low temperature environment of thick plates is completed. The comparison and analysis of test and numerical simulation results are in good agreement, which proves that the welding phase transformation model realizes the digitalization of metallurgical phase transformation in steel structure welding, and optimizes welding process parameters. It is of great significance to improve the quality of welding products and lay a foundation for predicting the performance of welded joints from the micro level.

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Authors and Affiliations

Xin Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Meng Wang

1

Han Qi

2

Jie Li

3

Changchun Pan

4

Jing Zhang

3

Jingman Lai

3

Beijing Construction Engineering Group Co., LTD, Beijing, 100032, P.R. China
Beijing Third Construction Engineering Co., LTD, Beijing, 100032, P.R. China
Central Research Institute of Building and Construction Co., Ltd. MCC, Beijing, 100032, P.R. China
China State Shipbuilding International Engineering Co., Ltd. CSIE, Beijing, 100000, P.R. China

Fault detection for DFIG based on sliding mode observer of new reaching law

RuiQi Li Wenxin Yu JunNian Wang Yang Lu Dan Jiang GuoLiang Zhong ZuanBo Zhou

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 3 | e137389 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.137389

Keywords fault detection doubly-fed induction generator sliding mode observer new reaching law

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Abstract

For fault detection of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), in this paper, a method of sliding mode observer (SMO) based on a new reaching law (NRL) is proposed. The SMO based on the NRL (NRL- SMO) theoretically eliminates system chatter caused by the reaching law and can be switched in time with system interference in terms of robustness and smoothness. In addition, the sliding mode control law is used as the index of fault detection. Firstly, this paper gives the NRL with the theoretically analyzes. Secondly, according to the mathematical model of DFIG, NRL-SMO is designed, and its analysis of stability and robustness are carried out. Then this paper describes how to choose the optimal parameters of the NRL-SMO. Finally, three common wind turbine system faults are given, which are DFIG inter-turn stator fault, grid voltage drop fault, and rotor current sensor fault. The simulation models of the DFIG under different faults is established. The simulation results prove that the superiority of the method of NRL-SMO in state tracking and the feasibility of fault detection.

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Authors and Affiliations

RuiQi Li

1 2

Wenxin Yu

1 2

JunNian Wang

3 2

Yang Lu

1 2

Dan Jiang

1 2

GuoLiang Zhong

1 2

ZuanBo Zhou

1 2

School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China
Key Laboratory of Knowledge Processing Networked Manufacturing, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China
School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Hunan Pro., Xiangtan,411201, China

Research on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Reinforced Cast Aluminum Alloy (ZL105)

Zhilin Pan Rong Li Qi Zeng

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 4 | 1307-1318 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.146196

Keywords cast aluminum alloy CNTs Mechanical behavior Strengthening mechanism ZL105

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Abstract

In order to expand the application range of casting aluminum alloy ZL105, the stirring fusion casting method was used to add carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different content and aspect ratio into the ZL105 aluminum matrix. And then the effect of the reinforcement on the mechanical properties of the alloy was compared and analyzed. The research results show that the tensile strength and hardness of the carbon nanotube composites with different contents will be improved, but to a certain extent the elongation of the composite material will be reduced, and there is an optimal addition amount. The mechanical properties of composite materials prepared by adding CNTs with relatively small length and diameter are better. There are different forms of reinforcement mechanisms for CNTs to reinforce cast aluminum alloys, and the improvement of composite material performance is the result of the combined effect of multiple strengthening methods. The research has made a meaningful exploration for the realization of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composites under the casting method.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zhilin Pan

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rong Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Qi Zeng

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Guizhou Normal University, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Contribution China
Manager Section, Guiyang Huaheng Mechanical Manufacture CO. LTD China

Construction deviation control method of transverse super large inclined asphalt pavement

Yongzheng Qi Wengang Ma Jiesheng Zhang

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 165-176 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.145260

Keywords automobile testing ground high-speed loop super-large inclined road surface asphalt pavement paving

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Abstract

The speed of test vehicles on the high-speed car track of the automobile test field is very high. Reducing the construction error of asphalt pavement is very important to ensure the safety of the test vehicle. In order to realize the paving of asphalt concrete pavement with super-large lateral inclination in the curve section of the high-speed car track in the automobile test field, a special paving control device and control method for the construction on the curve section with super-large lateral inclination were developed. Use the direction of the hanging hammer under the GPS device of paver to adjust the position of GPS device in real time, so that the geometric centre line of GPS device is always perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The reference control line is preset in the paver operation control device, and the lateral displacement deviation of the paver is adjusted to synchronize the data of the paver control device with the travel route. The precise control of the paver’s forward route is realized, the construction precision of the super-large inclined asphalt pavement on the high-speed car track of the automobile test field is achieved, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved. It has important reference value for similar projects such as automobile testing field and racing track.

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Authors and Affiliations

Yongzheng Qi

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Wengang Ma

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Jiesheng Zhang

4

e-mail:

ORCID:

Key Laboratory of Flood & Drought Disaster Defense, the Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210029, China
Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China
Institute of Civil Engineering and Intelligent Management, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
The First Engineering Co., LTD. of CTCE Group, No. 434 Fuyang North Road, Hefei 230041, China

Dynamic interactions stability analysis of hybrid renewable energy system with SSSC

Ping He Pan Qi Yuqi Ji Zhao Li

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 2 | 445-462

Keywords damping characteristics dynamic interaction analysis eigenvalue analysis hybrid renewable energy system SSSC

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Abstract

The static series synchronous compensator (SSSC) has demonstrated its capability in providing voltage support and improving power system stability. The objective of this paper is to analyze the dynamic interaction stability mechanism of a hybrid renewable energy system connected with doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) energy with the SSSC. For this purpose, a linearized mathematical model of this modified hybrid single-machine infinite-bus (SMIB) power system is developed to analyze the physical mechanism of the SSSC in suppressing oscillations and the influence on the dynamic stability characteristics of synchronization. Typical impacting factors such as the series compensation level, the SOFC penetration and tie-line power are considered in the SMIB and two-area systems. The impact of dynamic interactions on enhancing damping characteristics and improving transient performance of the studied systems is demonstrated using eigenvalue analysis and dynamic time-domain simulations, which validates the validity of the proposed physical mechanism simultaneously.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ping He

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Pan Qi

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yuqi Ji

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Zhao Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No.5 Dongfeng Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China

Optimization of Al-Cu Cast Alloy Composition for Hydraulic Valves

Rong Li Lunjun Chen Qi. Zeng Ming Su Zhiping Xie

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2020 | vol. 20 | No 1 | 84-94 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2020.131288

Keywords Al-Cu cast alloy Element optimization Strengthening mechanism Hydraulic multi-way valve

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Abstract

In order to identify the influence of different Mn, Cd, V and Zr content on the properties of Al-Cu casting alloys in hydraulic valves, orthogonal test methods were used to prepare alloy test bars with different elements and contents. Tensile tests were performed on the test bars so obtained. The microstructure of alloys with different compositions is studied. The results show that adding approximately 0.4% of Mn can not only form a strengthening phase but also reduce the excessive segregation of the matrix along the grain boundary. A Cd content of 0.2% can promote the formation of micro Cd spheres in the softer aluminum matrix. Hard spots increase the wear resistance of the material; however, an excess of Cd will cause element segregation and deteriorate the mechanical properties of the valve body. Zr and V refine the grains in the alloy; however, an excess of these elements will lead to a large area of segregation. If proper heat treatment is lacking, the mechanical properties of the valve body deteriorate.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rong Li

e-mail:

ORCID:

Lunjun Chen

Qi. Zeng

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ming Su

Zhiping Xie

e-mail:

ORCID:

Influence of the Interface of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites on the Mechanical Properties – a Review

Rong Li Zhilin Pan Qi. Zeng Xiaoli Ye

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2022 | vol. 22 | No 1 | 23-36 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.140213

Keywords aluminum matrix composites carbon nanotubes bonding interface mechanical properties

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Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a good reinforcement for metal matrix composite materials; they can significantly improve the mechanical, wear-resistant, and heat-resistant properties of the materials. Due to the differences in the atomic structure and surface energy between CNTs and aluminum-based materials, the bonding interface effect that occurs when nanoscale CNTs are added to the aluminum alloy system as a reinforcement becomes more pronounced, and the bonding interface is important for the material mechanical performance. Firstly, a comparative analysis of the interface connection methods of four CNT-reinforced aluminum matrix composites is provided, and the combination mechanisms of various interface connection methods are explained. Secondly, the influence of several factors, including the preparation method and process as well as the state of the material, on the material bonding interface during the composite preparation process is analyzed. Furthermore, it is explained how the state of the bonding interface can be optimized by adopting appropriate technical and technological means. Through the study of the interface of CNT-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, the influence of the interface on the overall performance of the composite material is determined, which provides directions and ideas for the preparation of future high-performance CNT-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rong Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Zhilin Pan

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Qi. Zeng

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xiaoli Ye

1

School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University, Guyiang, Guizhou, China

Research on communication emitter identification based on semi-supervised dimensionality reduction in complex electromagnetic environment

Wei Ge Lin Qi Lin Tong Jun Zhu Jing Zhang Dongyang Zhao Ke Li

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2023 | 71 | 4 | e145766 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2023.145766

Keywords communication emitter identification feature extraction dimensionality reduction VMD ESDA

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Abstract

The individual identification of communication emitters is a process of identifying different emitters based on the radio frequency fingerprint features extracted from the received signals. Due to the inherent non-linearity of the emitter power amplifier, the fingerprints provide distinguishing features for emitter identification. In this study, approximate entropy is introduced into variational mode decomposition, whose features performed in each mode which is decomposed from the reconstructed signal are extracted while the local minimum removal method is used to filter out the noise mode to improve SNR. We proposed a semi-supervised dimensionality reduction method named exponential semi-supervised discriminant analysis in order to reduce the high-dimensional feature vectors of the signals, and LightGBM is applied to build a classifier for communication emitter identification. The experimental results show that the method performs better than the state-of-the-art individual communication emitter identification technology for the steady signal data set of radio stations with the same plant, batch and model.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wei Ge

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Lin Qi

1 2

Lin Tong

1 2

Jun Zhu

1 2

Jing Zhang

1 2

Dongyang Zhao

3

Ke Li

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

School of Information & Computer Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, ShenZhen, GuangDong, 518000, China

Laser Welding of TA15 Titanium Alloy and Inconel 718 Dissimilar Metals

Qi An Dongting Wu Peng Liu Yong Zou

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 4 | 1267-1276 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.141051

Keywords TA15 titanium alloy Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy laser welding microstructure tensile strength and fracture characteristic

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Abstract

This paper studied the effect of laser welding technology on dissimilar metal welding joints of TA15 titanium alloy and Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy. The research results indicate that the laser welding of TA15 titanium alloy and Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy directly was difficult to form well, which due to the intermetallic compounds caused the joint brittle. When the pure Cu foil was used as the filling layer, the quality of the welding joints can be improved effectively. The experimental results also indicate that there were brittle intermetallic-compounds in the laser welding seam, and the laser power had an important influence on the performance and mechanical properties of the dissimilar metal joint. The maximum average tensile strength of the welding joint of 2300 W was increased to 252.32 MPa. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) results show that the fracture morphology was river pattern, a typical morphological of cleavage fracture, and the mode was brittle fracture.

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Authors and Affiliations

Qi An

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Dongting Wu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Peng Liu

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yong Zou

4

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250061, China
Shandong University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan, 250061, China
Shandong Jianzhu University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan, 250101, China
Shandong University, Jinan Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Modern Welding, 250061, China

Simulation and Heat Treatment Process of Carbon Nanotube Modified Aluminum Alloy (ZL105)

Ziqi Zhang Zhilin Pan Rong Li Qi Zeng Yong Liu Quan Wu

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 38-50 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146661

Keywords cast aluminum alloy heat treatment CNTs First principle Mechanical performance

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Abstract

To further improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified aluminum alloy (ZL105), the first principle was used to build the atomic structure of the alloy system and the alloy system was simulated by the VASP. After that, the heat treatment process of the cast aluminium alloy material with CNTs to enhance the alloy performance by the orthogonal experiment. The results of the research show that: (1) The energy status of the alloy system could be changed by adding the C atoms, but it did not affect the formation and structural stability of the alloy system, and the strong bond compounds formed by C atoms with other elements inside the solid solution structure can significantly affect the material properties. (2) The time of solid solution has the greatest influence on the performance of material that was modified by CNTs. The solution temperature and aging temperature were lower strength affection, and the aging time is the lowest affection. This paper provides a new research method of combining the atomic simulation with the casting experiment, which can provide the theoretical calculations to reduce the experiment times for the casting materials’ performance improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ziqi Zhang

1

Zhilin Pan

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rong Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Qi Zeng

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yong Liu

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

Quan Wu

1

School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, China
Guiyang Huaheng Mechanical Manufacture CO., LTD, China
Guizhou University, China

Research on reinforcement technology of existing double-way curved arch bridge

Kexin X. Zhang Tianyu Y. Qi Xingwei W. Xue Yanfeng F. Li Zhimin M. Zhu

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 581-595 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.137186

Keywords increasing the cross-section reinforcement method two-way curved arch bridge reinforcement effect

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Abstract

Two-way curved arch bridges inherit the fine tradition of masonry structures, making full use of the advantages of prefabricated assembly, it adapts to the situation of no support construction and no large lifting machine and tools, and has the characteristics of convenient construction method and saving material consumption. In appearance, the two-way curved arch bridge has strong national cultural characteristics. The prefabricated components of the two-way curved arch bridge are fragmentary, complicated in bearing and poor in integrity. Most of the two-way curved arch bridges in service have been built for a long time and lack of maintenance and management. Increasing the cross-section reinforcement method is one of the two-way curved arch reinforcement methods. It has a significant effect, convenient construction, good rigidity and stability characteristics after the reinforcement. Through theoretical analysis, combined with a static load test results of the assessment of the bridge reinforcement effect. Through load test, it is found that the deflection of the arch rib after reinforcement is reduced by 9%~19% and the strain of the arch rib is reduced by 12%~22%. Through finite element calculation, the crack width of the reinforced arch rib decreases by 8.3%~14.2%. The results show that the stress and deflection are greatly improved by the method of increasing section.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kexin X. Zhang

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Tianyu Y. Qi

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xingwei W. Xue

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yanfeng F. Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Zhimin M. Zhu

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

PhD., Eng., Shenyang Jianzhu University, School of Traffic Engineering, No. 25 Hunnan Zhong Road, Hunnan District, 110168 Shenyang, China
Master Degree Candidate, Shenyang Jianzhu University, School of Traffic Engineering, No. 25 Hunnan Zhong Road, Hunnan District, 110168 Shenyang, China
Master, Liaoning Urban Construction Design Institute Co. LTD, Shenyang, No.77-1 Jinfeng Street, Shenyang, China

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