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Abstract

For quality grey cast iron production, the challenging issues are to avoid cementite structure and obtain the desired graphite morphology with proper matrix as well as hardness. The objective of the present research is to find out the right combination of preconditioner and inoculant that may help to overcome the challenges. In this work, sulphur content is kept low (0.01%). Two preconditioners namely metallurgical SiC and zirconium bearing FeSi with two types of inoculant are individually used to make four combinations of sample and for each case metal is poured into the green sand mould. Finally Brinell hardness and graphite morphology is observed in the thickest and thinnest portions of the castings. Metallurgical SiC with barium bearing inoculant gives better graphite morphology and hardness than strontium bearing inoculant, on the other hand zirconium bearing FeSi gives more satisfying result than SiC with every type of inoculant. Among all of the combinations Zr bearing preconditioner with Ba bearing inoculant gives good graphite morphology with best mechanical properties in both thickest and thinnest portions of the casting.

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Authors and Affiliations

Md. Sojib S. Hossain
A.K.M. Bazlur B. Rashid
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Abstract

The present paper describe the issue of tool materials wear in a high temperature conditions. The investigations were performed at the cast steel tool material at the tribological contact to the structural steel. The investigations aim was to determine the role of microstructure in a tribological properties between the structural steel and tool material. The results of such investigation could be referenced to the industry conditions and could answer about the problems of tool materials wear. The observations of the wear mechanisms were referred to the microstructure of the mill rolls. The laboratory tests ware aimed at evaluating the thermal treatment modification effect on the cast steels properties. A significant role of the morphology of ledeburitic cementite and secondary cementite on the tribological properties was exhibited. The investigations assumed the presence of an austenitic matrix with primary and secondary cementite. Influence of varying morphology carbides was described. in the cast steel microstructure. The investigation results make possible to point to a direction of carbide morphology change with the purpose of obtaining the assumed properties of hot operation tools.
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Authors and Affiliations

J. Krawczyk
E. Rożniata
S. Zimowski
M. Kot
R. Dądrowski
R. Dziurka
Ł. Frocisz
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Abstract

The paper addresses the microsegregation of Mn, Mo, Cr, W, V, Si, Al, Cu and P in the white cast iron. Eutectic alloy with the content of 4.25% C was studied. The white cast iron was directionally solidified in the vacuum Bridgman-type furnace at a constant pulling rate v = 83 μm/s and v = 167 μm/s and at a constant temperature gradient G = 33.5 K/mm. The microstructural research was conducted using light and scanning electron microscopy. The microsegregation of elements in ledeburite was evaluated by EDS measurements. Content of elements in ledeburitic cementite and ledeburitic pearlite was determined. The tendency of elements to microsegregation was found dependent on the solidification rate. Microsegregation of elements between pearlite and cementite structural constituents has been specified. The effect of solidification rate on the type and intensity of microsegregation in directionally solidified eutectic white cast iron was observed. A different type of microsegregation was observed in the components of ledeburite in cementite and pearlite.
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Bibliography

[1] Podrzucki, Cz. (1991). Cast iron. Structure. Properties. Application T.1 and T.2, First Edition, Publishing house ZG STOP. (in Polish)
[2] Sękowski, K. (1973). Heterogeneity of the chemical composition of the metal matrix of ductile iron. Foundry Review. 8-9, 205-255413. (in Polish)
[3] Pietrowski, S. (1987). The influence of the chemical composition of nodular cast steel and cast iron and casting cooling rate on the austenite transformation to acicular structures. Scientific Books nr 94: Technical University of Łódź. (in Polish)
[4] Pietrowski, S. & Gumienny, G. (2006). Crystallization of nodular cast iron with additions of Mo, Cr, Cu and Ni. Archives of Foundry. 6(22), 406-413. (in Polish)
[5] Pietrowski, S. & Gumienny, G. (2012). Microsegregation in nodular cast iron with carbides. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 12(4), 127-134. DOI: 10.2478/v10266-012-0120-z.
[6] Sandoz, G. (1968). Recent Research in Cast Iron, H. Marchant, ed. New York: Gordon and Breach, 509.
[7] Malinochka, Ya.N., Maslenkov, S.B. & Egorshina, T.V. (1963). Investigation of microsegregation in cast iron using electron microprobe. Liteinoe Proizvodstvo, 1, 22-25. (in Russ.)
[8] Swindelsand, N. & Burke, J. (1971). Silicon microsegregation and first stag graphitization in white cast irons. Metallurgical Transactions. 2, 3257-3263. DOI: 10.1007/BF02811605
[9] Charbonnier, J. & Margerie, J.C. (1967). Nouvelle contribution al’etude generale des mikrosegregation dans les alliages Fe-C du type ”fonte”. Fonderie. 259, 333-344.
[10] Bazhenov, V.E., & Pikunov, M.V. (2018) Microsegregation of silicon in cast iron. Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy. 61(3), 230-236. DOI: 10.17073/0368-0797-2018-3-230-236 (in Russ.)
[11] Park, J.Y. and other (2002). Effect of Mn negative segregation through the thickness direction on graphitization characteristics of strip-cast white cast iron. Scripta Materialia 46(3), 199-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01220-9
[12] Dojka, M. & Stawarz, M. (2020). Bifilm defects on Ti-inculated chromium white cast iron. Materials. 13(14), 3124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143124
[13] Trepczyńska-Łent, M. (1997). Spheroidizing annealing of whitened ductile iron. 1st National Scientific Conference "Materials Science - Foundry - Quality", 129-137, Krakow. (in Polish)
[14] Trepczyńska-Łent, M. (1998). Microsegregation of silicon and manganese after spheroidizing annealing in cast iron with spherical graphite. Scientific Journals ATR 216, Mechanics. 43, 217-226. Bydgoszcz (in Polish).
[15] Chang, W.S. & Lin, C.M. (2013). Relationship between cooling rate and microsegregation in bottom-chilled directionally solidified ductile irons. Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy. 49(3)B, 315-322. https://doi.org/10.2298/JMMB120702034C.
[16] Trepczyńska-Łent, M. Boroński D. & Maćkowiak P. (2021). Mechanical properties and microstructure of directionally solidified Fe-4.25%C eutectic alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A, 822(3) 141644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.141644.
[17] Trepczyńska-Łent, M. (2017). Interphase spacing in directional solidification of white carbide eutectic, METAL 2017 - 26th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, Conference Paper, Conference Proceedings Volume 2017-January 254-260. ISBN: 978-808729479-6.
[18] Trepczyńska-Łent, M. (2017). Directional solidification of Fe-Fe3C white eutectic alloy. Crystal Research and Technology 52(7) July 2017, 1600359, version of record online: 26 JUN 2017. DOI: 10.1002/crat.201600359.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Trepczyńska-Łent
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Seyda
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Poland
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Abstract

Divorced eutectoid growth of cementite in AISI 1080 steel is investigated as a function of cooling rate for incomplete austenitization-based heat treatment. Furthermore, a fundamental mathematical relationship is established through analytical treatment that correlates divorced eutectoid growth with effective cooling rate and degree of undercooling in view of bulk diffusion controlled growth model. As the cooling rate increases, the divorced eutectoid growth of cementite is gradually ceased. The result predicted by the analytical model closely matches with the experimental result (%Deviation ≤ 7).

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Authors and Affiliations

Prasenjit Biswas
Joydeep Maity

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