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Number of results: 21
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Abstract

Necessary and sufficient conditions for robust stability of the positive discrete-time interval system with time-delays are established.

It is shown that this system is robustly stable if and only if one well de?ned positive discrete-time system with time-delays is asymptotically stable. The considerations are illustrated by numerical example.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Busłowicz
T. Kaczorek
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Abstract

Simple new necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability of the positive linear discrete-time systems with delays in states are established. It is shown that asymptotic stability of the system is equivalent to asymptotic stability of the corresponding positive discrete-time system without delays of the same size. The considerations are illustrated by numerical examples.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Busłowicz
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish reference values for 2D and M-mode measurements in Dachshunds. Basic echocardiographic data, including M-mode, 2D and spectral Doppler measurements, was collected, analyzed and compared between 41 healthy Dachshunds and 50 other healthy dogs of similar weight. Echocardiographic reference intervals were prepared for Dachshunds. Dachshunds had a smaller left ventricular diameter in diastole and systole and a thicker septum than other dog breeds. Male Dachshunds had larger diastolic and systolic left ventricular diameter than females. Reference intervals for 2D and M-mode measurements in healthy Dachshunds differ from other dogs of similar weight and should be used for this breed to assess chamber enlargement.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Garncarz
M. Parzeniecka-Jaworska
M. Czopowicz
M. Hulanicka
M. Jank
O. Szaluś-Jordanow
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Abstract

The fundamental problem from the point of view of pipeline exploitation in KGHM Polska Miedz S.A. is the very high overwearing of the pipes used for the transport of tailings, as well as determining the time of trouble-free operation of pipe system components. Failures involve significant financial outlays, severe restrictions on operation and in some cases even stopping operation. For this reason, it is vital to monitor the condition of the transport systems, as well as to determine the permissible service life of the pipe sections, after which segments at risk should be replaced or turned over in order to extend their further operation. This paper focuses on the application of interval numbers to assess the durability of piping systems. The calculations were made using classical interval numbers by using code written in INTLAB libraries. The correctness of the solutions obtained was verified using the Monte Carlo method, assuming a uniform distribution of random variables.
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Authors and Affiliations

Iwona Duszyńska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Krykowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Stefanek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Bzówka
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. KGHM Polska Miedz S.A., Oddział Zakład Hydrotechniczny, Lubin, Poland
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Mechanics and Bridges, Gliwice, Poland
  3. Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Geotechnics and Roads, Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

Reference intervals (RIs) are one of the essential elements in the procedure of disease diagnosis. This is especially true for feline species in which RI is less available than in canine species. RIs are affected by biological, geographical and instrumental factors, yet published RIs with incomplete background are popularly used. Inappropriate interpretations of RIs may affect classification of disease and subsequent treatment. In this study, we demonstrated the step-by-step establishment of feline RIs following the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) reference interval guideline. A total of 51 parameters were examined, including 20 hematology and 31 biochemistry parameters, and the results were compared to one local RI and two foreign RIs. Overall, about 29% (10/35) of tested parameters were different form local RIs and 60% (30/50) were different from the two foreign RIs, highlighting geographical variations. A higher upper reference limit (URL) in red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), Hemoglobin (Hgb), albumin, creatinine and lower URL in potassium and white blood cell count (WBC) were identified, which may impact the interpretation. In addition, statistical analysis of age and gender were factored separately and indicated that 10 parameters were significantly higher in the adult group. For the impact of gender, percentage of basophil and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were lower in female and male cats, respectively. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that it is desirable to establish in-house RIs or RIs of local sources. An age specific RI for the geriatric feline population is advisable for better diagnosis and monitoring the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

T.L. Lin
S.H. Chung
C.H. Sung
S.Y. Yeh
T.L. Cheng
C.C. Chou
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Abstract

Civil engineering is one of the many fields of occurrences of uncertain parameters. The present paper in an attempt to present and describe the most common methods used for inclusions of uncertain parameters . These methods can be applied in the area of civil engineering as well as for a larger domain. Definitions and short explanations of methods based on probability, interval analysis, fuzzy sets, and convex sets are presented. Selected advantages, disadvantages, and the most common fields of implementation are indicated.

An example of a cantilever beam presented in this paper shows the main differences between the methods. Results of the performed analysis indicate that the use of convex sets allows us to obtain an accuracy of results similar to stochastic models. At the same time, the computational speed characteristic for interval methods is maintained.

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Pełczyński
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Abstract

Manufacturing errors (MEs) are unavoidable in product fabrication. The omnipresence of manufacturing errors (MEs) in product engineering necessitates the development of robust optimization methodologies. In this research, a novel approach based on the morphological operations and interval field (MOIF) theory is proposed to address MEs in the discrete-variable-based topology optimization procedures. On the basis of a methodology for deterministic topology optimization (TO) based on the Min-Cut, MOIF introduces morphological operations to generate geometrical variations, while the dimension of the structuring element is dynamically set by the interval field function’s output. The effectiveness of the proposed approach as a powerful tool for accounting for spatially uneven ME in the TOs has been demonstrated.
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Authors and Affiliations

Meng Xia
1
Jing Li
1

  1. School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Abstract

Rainfall is one of the main components of the hydrologic cycle; thus, the availability of accurate rainfall data is fundamental for designing and operating water resources systems and infrastructure. This study aims to develop an empirical model of rainfall intensity ( It,p) as a function of its probability ( p) and duration ( t). In 1999–2020, data on the hourly duration of rainfall were collected from automatic rainfall recorder (ARR) gauges. The empirical model has been developed using a statistical approach based on duration ( t) and probability ( p), and subsequently they have been validated with those obtained from ARR data. The resulting model demonstrates good performance compared with other empirical formulas (Sherman and Ishiguro) as indicated by the percent bias ( PBIAS) values (2.35–3.17), ratio of the RMSE (root mean square error) between simulated and observed values to the standard deviation of the observations ( RSR, 0.028–0.031), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency ( NSE, 0.905–0.996), and index of agreement (d, 0.96–0.98) which classified in the rating of “very good” in model performance. The reliability of the estimated intensity based on the empirical model shows a tendency to decrease as duration ( t) increases, and a good accuracy mainly for the rainfall intensity for shorter periods (1-, 2-, and 3-hours), whereas low accuracy for long rainfall periods. The study found that the empirical model exhibits a reliable estimate for rainfall intensity with small recurrence intervals ( Tr) 2-, 5-, 10-, and a 20-year interval and for a shorter duration ( t). Validation results confirm that the rainfall intensity model shows good performance; thus, it could be used as a reliable instrument to estimate rainfall intensity in the study area.
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Authors and Affiliations

Donny Harisuseno
1
ORCID: ORCID
Linda Prasetyorini
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jadfan S. Fidari
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dian Chandrasasi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Brawijaya, Faculty of Engineering, Water Resources Engineering Department, MT. Haryono Street No. 167, 65145, Malang, Indonesia
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Abstract

A new method of Electrocardiogram (ECG) features extraction is proposed in this paper. The purpose of this study is to detect the main characteristics of the signal: P, Q, R, S, and T, then localize and extract its intervals and segments. To do so we first detect peaks, onsets and offsets of the signal's waveform by calculating the slope change (SC) coefficients and consequently, the peaks of the signal are determined. The SC coefficients are based on the calculation of the integral of two-scale signals with opposite signs. The simulation results of our algorithm applied on recordings of MIT-BIH arrhythmia electrocardiogram database show that the proposed method delineates the electrocardiogram waveforms and segments with high precision.
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Authors and Affiliations

Skander Bensegueni
1

  1. Department of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Automatic, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique, Constantine, Algeria
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Abstract

In this paper a new method of frequency jumps detection in data from atomic clock comparisons is proposed. The presented approach is based on histogram analysis for different time intervals averaging phasetime data recorded over a certain period of time. Our method allows identification of multiple frequency jumps for long data series as well to almost real-time jump detection in combination with advanced filtering. Several methods of preliminary data processing have been tested (simple averaging, moving average and Vondrak filtration), to achieve flexibility in adjusting the algorithm parameters for current needs which is the key to its use in determining ensemble time scale or to control systems of physical time scales, such as UTC(PL). The best results have been achieved with the Vondrak filter.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Marszalec
1
Marzenna Lusawa
1
Tomasz Osuch
1 2

  1. National Institute of Telecommunications, Szachowa 1, 94-894 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

In recent, modeling practical systems as interval systems is gaining more attention of control researchers due to various advantages of interval systems. This research work presents a new approach for reducing the high-order continuous interval system (HOCIS) utilizing improved Gamma approximation. The denominator polynomial of reduced-order continuous interval model (ROCIM) is obtained using modified Routh table, while the numerator polynomial is derived using Gamma parameters. The distinctive features of this approach are: (i) It always generates a stable model for stable HOCIS in contrast to other recent existing techniques; (ii) It always produces interval models for interval systems in contrast to other relevant methods, and, (iii) The proposed technique can be applied to any system in opposite to some existing techniques which are applicable to second-order and third-order systems only. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated by considering test cases of single-inputsingle- output (SISO) and multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) continuous interval systems. The robust stability analysis for ROCIM is also presented to support the effectiveness of proposed technique.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jagadish Kumar Bokam
1
Vinay Pratap Singh
2
Ramesh Devarapalli
3
ORCID: ORCID
Fausto Pedro García Márquez
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Electrical Electronics and Communication Engineering, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India
  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, BITSindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand
  4. Ingenium Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
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Abstract

The aim of this research was to prepare the basis for the certification of the apple orchard protection program by determining disappearance models for active ingredients (AIs) of plant protection products (PPPs) in fruits. Field trials were carried out in a conventional apple orchard protected with PPPs in accordance with the currently adopted program. Residues of their AIs were determined using Agilent GC-MS/MS 7000D and LC-MS/MS 6470 QQQ, and their decreases were expressed by the exponential formula: R t = R 0 × e–k × t. Of all the AIs found in mature fruits, captan disappeared at the fastest rate [t (1/2) in the range of 9 to 13 days], followed by fluopyram [t (1/2) = 13 days], tebuconazole [t (1/2) = 14 days] and carbendazim [t (1/2) in the range of 24 to 32 days]. With the exception of dithiocarbamates and some fungicides (e.g., Captan 80 WDG) based on captan and methyl thiophanate, other insecticides and fungicides currently recommended can be used up to 3 months before harvest practically with virtually no restrictions. From July 15 to August 15, the chemicals effective at application rates not exceeding 0.3 kg of AI per ha should be used. To protect apples against storage diseases, PPPs that are effective at a dose ≤ 0.1 kg AI per ha (e.g., certain triazoles or strobilurins) and applied not later than 1 month before harvest, should be used.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Sadło
1
Magdalena Szczepanik
2
Paweł Krawiec
3
Bartosz Piechowicz
4 5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
  2. Bio Berry Polska sp. z o.o., Lublin, Poland
  3. Horti Team Paweł Krawiec, Lublin, Poland
  4. Institute of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
  5. Interdisciplinary Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research, University of Rzeszów, Werynia, Poland
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Abstract

The article considers the problem of stability of interval-defined linear systems based on the Hurwitz and Lienard- Shipar interval criteria. Krylov, Leverier, and Leverier- Danilevsky algorithms are implemented for automated construction and analysis of the interval characteristic polynomial. The interval mathematics library was used while developing the software. The stability of the dynamic system described by linear ordinary differential equations is determined and based on the properties of the eigenvalues of the interval characteristic polynomial. On the basis of numerical calculations, the authors compare several methods of constructing the characteristic polynomial. The developed software that implements the introduced interval arithmetic operations can be used in the study of dynamic properties of automatic control systems, energy, economic and other non-linear systems.
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Authors and Affiliations

Talgat Mazakov
1
Waldemar Wójcik
2
Sholpan Jomartova
1
Nurgul Karymsakova
3
Gulzat Ziyatbekova
1
Aisulu Tursynbai
3

  1. Institute of Information and Computational Technologies CS MES RK, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  2. Lublin Technical University, Poland
  3. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Abstract

The paper presents a novel implementation of a time-to-digital converter (TDC) in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) devices. The design employs FPGA digital signal processing (DSP) blocks and gives more than two-fold improvement in mean resolution in comparison with the common conversion method (carry chain-based time coding line). Two TDCs are presented and tested depending on DSP configuration. The converters were implemented in a Kintex-7 FPGA device manufactured by Xilinx in 28 nm CMOS process. The tests performed show possibilities to obtain mean resolution of 4.2 ps but measurement precision is limited to at most 15 ps mainly due to high conversion nonlinearities. The presented solution saves FPGA programmable logic blocks and has an advantage of a wider operation range when compared with a carry chain-based time coding line.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Kwiatkowski
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Abstract

One of difficulties of working with pulse mode detectors is dead time and its distorting effect on measuring with the random process. Three different models for description of dead time effect are given, these are paralizable, non-paralizable, and hybrid models. The first two models describe the behaviour of the detector with one degree of freedom. But the third one which is a combination of the other two models, with two degrees of freedom, proposes a more realistic description of the detector behaviour. Each model has its specific observation probability. In this research, these models are simulated using the Monte Carlo method and their individual observation probabilities are determined and compared with each other. The Monte Carlo simulation, is first validated by analytical formulas of the models and then is utilized for calculation of the observation probability. Using the results, the probability for observing pulses with different time intervals in the output of the detector is determined. Therefore, it is possible by comparing the observation probability of these models with the experimental result to determine the proper model and optimized values of its parameters. The results presented in this paper can be applied to other pulse mode detection and measuring systems of physical stochastic processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mohammad Arkani
1

  1. Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute (NSRTI), Tehran, Iran. P.O. Box: 143995-1113
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Abstract

The paper presents a solution to the problem of synthesis of control with respect to the sliding interval length for the optimization of a class of discrete linear multidimensional objects with a quadratic performance criterion. The equation of motion of a closed multidimensional discrete system in the general non-stationary case is derived based on the length of the optimization interval and their main properties. The closed-loop is fitted with a signal representing the predicted values averaged over the whole sliding interval of optimization with a certain weight. A problem with a sliding optimization interval may not require a real-time solution by means of a sequence of solutions on compressed intervals. Therefore, the study of control systems with optimization on a sliding interval is of undoubted interest for a number of practically important control problems.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhazira Julayeva
1
Waldemar Wójcik
2
Gulzhan Kashaganova
3
Kulzhan Togzhanova
4
Saken Mambetov
4

  1. Academy of Logistics and Transport, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  2. Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
  3. Turan University and Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  4. Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Abstract

Obstructive Sleep Apnea is one common form of sleep apnea and is now tested by means of a process called Polysomnography which is time-consuming, expensive and also requires a human observer throughout the study of the subject which makes it inconvenient and new detection techniques are now being developed to overcome these difficulties. Heart rate variability has proven to be related to sleep apnea episodes and thus the features from the ECG signal can be used in the detection of sleep apnea. The proposed detection technique uses Support Vector Machines using Grid search algorithm and the classifier is trained using features based on heart rate variability derived from the ECG signal. The developed system is tested using the dataset and the results show that this classification system can recognize the disorder with an accuracy rate of 89%. Further, the use of the grid search algorithm has made this system a reliable and an accurate means for the classification of sleep apnea and can serve as a basis for the future development of its screening.
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Authors and Affiliations

K.K. Valavan
1
S. Manoj
1
S. Abishek
1
T.G. Gokull Vijay
1
A.P. Vojaswwin
1
J. Rolant Gini
1
K.I. Ramachandran
2

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
  2. Centre for Computational Engineering & Networking (CEN), Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
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Abstract

In sequencing situations, it may affect parameters used to determine an optimal order in the queue, and consequently the decision of whether (or not) to rearrange the queue by sharing the realized cost savings. In this paper, we extend one machine sequencing situations and their related cooperative games under fuzzy uncertainty. Here, the agents costs per unit of time and processing time in the system are fuzzy intervals. In the sequel, we define sequencing fuzzy interval games and show that these games are convex. Further, fuzzy equal gain splitting rule is given. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated priority based scheduling algorithm.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ismail ÖZCAN
Sırma Zeynep ALPARSLAN GÖK
Gerhard-Wilhelm WEBER
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Abstract

In modern society, people concern more about the evaluation of medical service quality. Evaluation of medical service quality is helpful for medical service providers to supervise and improve their service quality. Also, it will help the public to understand the situation of different medical providers. As a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem, evaluation of medical service quality can be effectively solved by aggregation operators in interval-valued q-rung dual hesitant fuzzy (IVq-RDHF) environment. Thus, this paper proposes interval-valued q-rung dual hesitant Maclaurin symmetric mean (IVq-RDHFMSM) operator and interval-valued q-rung dual hesitant weighted Maclaurin symmetric mean (IVq-RDHFWMSM) operator. Based on the proposed IVq-RDHFWMSM operator, this paper builds a novel approach to solve the evaluation problem of medical service quality including a criteria framework for the evaluation of medical service quality and a novel MCDM method. What’s more, aiming at eliminating the discordance between decision information and weight vector of criteria determined by decisionmakers (DMs), this paper proposes the concept of cross-entropy and knowledge measure in IVq-RDHF environment to extract weight vector from DMs’ decision information. Finally, this paper presents a numerical example of the evaluation of medical service for hospitals to illustrate the availability of the novel method and compares our method with other MCDM methods to demonstrate the superiority of our method. According to the comparison result, our method has more advantages than other methods.
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Authors and Affiliations

Butian Zhao
1
Runtong Zhang
1
Yuping Xing
2

  1. School of Management and Economic, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
  2. Glorious Sun School of Business and Management, DongHua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
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Abstract

Accurate network fault diagnosis in smart substations is key to strengthening grid security. To solve fault classification problems and enhance classification accuracy, we propose a hybrid optimization algorithm consisting of three parts: anti-noise processing (ANP), an improved separation interval method (ISIM), and a genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimization (GA-PSO) method. ANP cleans out the outliers and noise in the dataset. ISIM uses a support vector machine (SVM) architecture to optimize SVM kernel parameters. Finally, we propose the GA-PSO algorithm, which combines the advantages of both genetic and particle swarm optimization algorithms to optimize the penalty parameter. The experimental results show that our proposed hybrid optimization algorithm enhances the classification accuracy of smart substation network faults and shows stronger performance compared with existing methods.

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Authors and Affiliations

Xin Xia
Xiaofeng Liu
Jichao Lou
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Abstract

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) technique and approach have been a trending topic in decision making and systems engineering to choosing the probable optimal options. The primary purpose of this article is to develop prioritized operators to multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) based on Archimedean t-conorm and t-norms (At-CN&t-Ns) under interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy (IVDHF) environment. A new score function is defined for finding the rank of alternatives in MCDM problems with IVDHF information based on priority levels of criteria imposed by the decision maker. This paper introduces two aggregation operators: At-CN&t-N-based IVDHF prioritized weighted averaging (AIVDHFPWA), and weighted geometric (AIVDHFPWG) aggregation operators. Some of their desirable properties are also investigated in details. A methodology for prioritization-based MCDM is derived under IVDHF information. An illustrative example concerning MCDM problem about a Chinese university for appointing outstanding oversea teachers to strengthen academic education is considered. The method is also applicable for solving other real-life MCDM problems having IVDHF information.
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Authors and Affiliations

Arun Sarkar
1
Animesh Biswas
2

  1. Department of Mathematics, Heramba Chandra College, Kolkata – 700029, India
  2. Department of Mathematics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani – 741235, India

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