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Magnetized irrigation water: a method for improving the efficacy of pre-emergence-applied metribuzin

Akbar Aliverdi

Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2021 | vol. 61 | No 3 | 265-272 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2021.137948

Keywords germination herbicide water use efficiency

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Abstract

The yield of many crops can be increased by irrigating them with magnetically treated water (MTW). The aim of our research was to determine if the efficacy of a soil-applied herbicide such as metribuzin against weeds could be affected by MTW. A split-plot randomized complete block experiment was designed with two main plots, including potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) irrigated with equal volumes of MTW and non-MTW. Sub-plots were weedy control, weed-free control (hand-weeded), and pre-emergence application of metribuzin at 420 and 525 g a.i. · ha–1. Generally, MTW induced the seed germination and vegetative growth of Amaranthus blitoides S.Watson and Convolvulus arvensis L., resulting in a reduction of the total tuber yield of potato from 1.47 to 1.18 kg · m–2. MTW improved the efficacy of weed control strategies, resulting in an improvement of the total tuber yield and the water use efficiency of potato. The total tuber yield when metribuzin was applied at 420 g a.i. · ha–1 with MTW (3.51 kg · m–2) was more than when metribuzin was applied at 525 g a.i. · ha–1 with non-MTW (2.76 kg · m–2). It can be concluded that the use of MTW can be a safer crop production method by reducing the required dosage of metribuzin to control weeds. Considering the fact that the use of MTW without herbicide application increased the density of weed species, this method should be limited to a scenario where weeds can be effectively controlled.

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Authors and Affiliations

Akbar Aliverdi

1

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Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

Nitrogen relationships in Polish cropping systems

Antoni Faber Zuzanna Jarosz Anna Jędrejek Jerzy Kopiński

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 56 | 27-36 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.143741

Keywords crops nitrogen trends use efficiency surplus

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Abstract

Based on FAO data, the paper presents trends in nitrogen (N) input and output in Poland. As N input ( N _inp), nitrogen from mineral fertilisers, manure application, biological fixation, and deposition was included. The N outputs ( N _out) include the N contained in crop harvest (main products and by-products). The trend analyses were carried out for the period before (1961–1989) and after (1990–2018) the changes in the political and economic systems. Additionally, trends in the nitrogen use efficiency ( NUE) and nitrogen surpluses ( N _S) are presented for these periods. In both compared periods, the mean values of N budget indicators in Poland were (kg N∙ha ^–1 UAA): N _inp 120 and 125, N _out 61 and 84, N _S 60 and 41 and NUE 53 and 67%, respectively. The estimated Y _max, which represents the N _out value reached at saturating N fertilisation, reached the values of 127 and 263 kg N∙ha ^–1 UAA in these periods. The difference in these values suggests a significant impact of agronomy improvement on N _out in the recent period. The trends of nitrogen within 16 regions in period 2002–2019, based on national data, resulted in a significant variation in N indicators. The values found were in the following ranges (kg N∙ha ^–1 UAA): N _inp 78–167; N _out 62–99; N _S 15–83 and Y _max 139–317. The NUE ranged from 50–81%. The obtained results indicate that in Poland and its regions there is still a need to improve of the nitrogen efficiency.

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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Faber

1

Zuzanna Jarosz

1

Anna Jędrejek

1

Jerzy Kopiński

1

Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland

Ecological and economic aspects of effective use of land resources – potential of Vinnytsia region

Yurii Hubar Oleksandra Hulko Yulia Khavar Liliya Vynarchyk Vira Sai

Geodesy and Cartography | 2020 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 173-187 | DOI: 10.24425/gac.2020.131086

Keywords land monitoring system land reform land use efficiency type of soils

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Abstract

The article considers a comprehensive study of the problem of land relations development in the region. It identifies the main directions for their further development, which include improving the legislative framework, economic and monetary valuation of land, leasing land relations and ensuring the formation of a market for agricultural land and ecologically safe land use. The article aims to determine the interrelated components of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing land resources of agricultural enterprises in the context of ensuring land-use efficiency based on the choice of a land-use optimization model. The theoretical and methodological bases for the development of land relations in the conditions of market economy formation are generalized. The directions for improving the ecological status of agricultural land are justified. The state regulation of land relations is analyzed, and ways to improve land legislation are proposed. The directions of the formation and development of the agricultural land market are justified. The ways to improve the ecological condition of the land, taking into account the regional characteristics of the Vinnytsia region, are proposed. To determine the relationship of rational use and reproduction of resources, considering the problems of choosing the optimal strategy for the impact of the economy on the ecologization of land resources, the system of rational use and reproduction of natural resources is developed. The optimization model describing the conditions for the process of stimulating landowners and land users in the direction of protection and rational land use is established.

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Yurii Hubar

1

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Oleksandra Hulko

1

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ORCID:

Yulia Khavar

1

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ORCID:

Liliya Vynarchyk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Vira Sai

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Cadastre of Territory, Lviv, Ukraine

The evaluation of irrigating meliorations efficiency after the change of climatic conditions

Viktoriia Zaporozhchenko Andrij Tkachuk Tetyana Tkachuk Viktor Dotsenko

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 52 | 199-204 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.140390

Keywords irrigation meliorations natural resource potential of the territory water use efficiency winter wheat

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The article reviews one of the important problems of water usage – operational management of irrigation. The article discusses a methodological approach to the estimation of economic efficiency of water usage in the conditions of climate change in the territory concerned. So far, there has not been a simple method to determine this indicator. When assessing climatic conditions, taking into account their influence on the productivity of agricultural crops, it is necessary to take into account meteorological factors that have a decisive influence on the development of agricultural crops and, accordingly, determine their yield. These include primarily heat and moisture. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account their possible negative influence on the development of plants, considering that for each crop a certain optimum regime of temperature and soil moisture is required in different phases of its growth. To assess climatic conditions taking into account the potential crop productivity, we can use the CPA formula. Calculations have shown a close relationship between the CPA and the yield of agricultural crops. Correlation coefficients of the obtained bonds vary from 0.85 to 0.98 depending on the culture and the territory.

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Authors and Affiliations

Viktoriia Zaporozhchenko

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Andrij Tkachuk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Tetyana Tkachuk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Viktor Dotsenko

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Faculty of Water Management Engineering and Ecology, Serhiia Yefremova St, 25, Dnipro, Dnipropetrovs’ka oblast, 49600, Ukraine

Impact of tractor wheels on physical properties of different soil types and the irrigation efficiency of the furrow irrigation method

Rahim Bux Vistro Mashooque Ali Talpur Irfan Ahmed Shaikh Munir Ahmed Mangrio

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 52 | 166-171 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.140386

Keywords furrow/ridge storage efficiency irrigation method soil physical properties tractor wheel trafficking water use efficiency

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Abstract

In furrow irrigation, the maximum lateral movement of water in ridges is more desirable than the vertical downward movement. This can be achieved by compacting the furrows. Thus, the study examines the impact on furrow soil compaction by tractor wheel trafficking during mechanical operations in the different soil types. In this experiment, the three-wheel tractor compaction includes: 1) control (no soil compaction), 2) compaction through 3-wheel tractor passes, and 3) compaction through 6-wheel passes under three different soil textural classes such as: clay loam, silty clay loam and silty loam soils. The impact of various treatments on clay loam, silty clay loam, and silty loam under 3- and 6-wheel passes showed increased bulk density (7–12%), field capacity (9–19%), ridge storage efficiency (35–38%), water use efficiency (16–20.5%) and decreased soil porosity (7–16%), infiltration (8–20%), and furrow storage efficiency (28–41%) over the control. This study shows comparable results of 6-passes with other studies in which more than 6-passes were used to compact the soil. This study suggested that farmers can maximise water use efficiency by compacting their furrows using 6-passes tractor trafficking.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rahim Bux Vistro

1

Mashooque Ali Talpur

1

Irfan Ahmed Shaikh

1

Munir Ahmed Mangrio

1

Sindh Agriculture University, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Tandojam, Hyderabad, 70060, Sindh, Pakistan

Genome-wide identification and characterisation of ammonium transporter gene family in barley

Umesh K. Tanwar Ewelina Stolarska Ewelina Paluch-Lubawa Elżbieta Rudy Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 58 | 220-233 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.146614

Keywords ammonium transporter (AMT) bioinformatics gene expression barley (Hordeum vulgare) itrogen use efficiency

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Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for the growth and development of plants, but excessive use of nitrogen fertiliser in agriculture can result in environmental pollution. As a preferred nitrogen form, ammonium (NH ₄ ⁺) is absorbed from the soil by the plants through ammonium transporters (AMTs). Therefore, it is important to explore AMTs to improve the efficiency of plant N utilisation. Here, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis to identify and characterise the AMT genes in barley ( HvAMTs), which is a very important cereal crop. A total of seven AMT genes were identified in barley and further divided into two subfamilies ( AMT1 and AMT2) based on phylogenetic analysis. All HvAMT genes were distributed on five chromosomes with only one tandem duplication. HvAMTs might play an important role in plant growth, development, and various stress responses, as indicated by cis- regulatory elements, miRNAs, and protein interaction analysis. Further, we analysed the expression pattern of HvAMTs in various developmental plant tissues, which indicated that AMT1 subfamily members might play a major role in the uptake of NH ₄ ⁺ from the soil through the roots in barley. Altogether, these findings might be helpful to improve the barley crop with improved nitrogen use efficiency, which is not only of great significance to the crop but also for land and water as it will reduce N fertiliser pollution in the surrounding ecosystem.

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Authors and Affiliations

Umesh K. Tanwar

1

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Ewelina Stolarska

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ewelina Paluch-Lubawa

1

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Elżbieta Rudy

1

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ORCID:

Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka

1

e-mail:

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Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Plant Physiology, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland

Water productivity under deficit irrigation using onion as indicator crop

Kassahun B. Tadesse Eyasu Y. Hagos Nata T. Tafesse Megersa O. Dinka

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2020 | No 45 | 171-178 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2020.133059

Keywords drip irrigation effective rainfall real evapotranspiration soil water water quality water use efficiency

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Abstract

Improving water productivity (WP) through deficit irrigation is crucial in water-scarce areas. To practice deficit irriga-tion, the optimum level of water deficit that maximizes WP must be investigated. In this study, a field experiment was con-ducted to examine WP of the three treatments at available soil water depletion percentage (��) of 25% (reference), 45% and 65% using a drip irrigation system. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The water deficit was allowed throughout the growth stages after transplanting except for the first 15 days of equal amounts of irrigations during the initial growth stage and 20 days enough spring season rainfall during bulb enlargement periods. Physical WP in terms of water use efficiency (WUEf) for treatments T1, T2, and T3 was 9.44 kg∙m–3, 11 kg∙m–3and 10.6 kg∙m–3 for mar-ketable yields. The WUEf and economic water productivity were significantly improved by T2 and T3. The WUEf differ-ence between T2 and T3 was insignificant. However, T2 can be selected as an optimal irrigation level. Hence, deficit irriga-tion scheduling is an important approach for maximizing WP in areas where water is the main constraint for crop produc-tion. The planting dates should be scheduled such that the peak water requirement periods coincide with the rainy system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kassahun B. Tadesse

Eyasu Y. Hagos

Nata T. Tafesse

Megersa O. Dinka

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