Applied sciences

Archives of Control Sciences

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Archives of Control Sciences | 2024 | vol. 34 | No 4

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Abstract

An analysis of observability and detectability for continuous stirred tank reactor model of selected biochemical processes has been addressed in this paper. In particular, properties of observability or detectability of the considered system model have been proved under uncertain system dynamics in view of various sets of system measured outputs. It is related to considering system dynamics depending on initial conditions and the impact of inputs taking into account a given measured output. The method of indistinguishable state trajectories (indistinguishable dynamics) and tools based on the Lyapunov second method were used to investigate the observability and detectability properties. The analysis was performed for eight cases of different sets of measured outputs with association to the realistic features of measuring devices. The obtained research results are essential for system state estimation that involves the synthesis of state observers. The proposed approach may be successfully applied to the complex biochemical non-linear uncertain systems modelled as continuous stirred tank reactors.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rafał Łangowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Czyżniewski
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Intelligent Control and Decision Support Systems and Digital Technologies Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
  2. Department of Intelligent Control and Decision Support Systems, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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Abstract

In this research work, we propose a new four-dimensional chaotic hyperjerk system with four quadratic nonlinearities. We carry out a detailed bifurcation analysis and derive conditions for the existence of a Hopf bifurcation for the new hyperjerk system. A linear analysis shows that there is only a unique trivial equilibrium state, whose stability depends solely on the parameter p. The only bifurcation possible is a Hopf bifurcation when p = 2. This is verified from bifurcation transition diagrams.We derive new results showing multistability and the existence of coexisting attractors for the new chaotic hyperjerk system. Using MultiSim, a new electronic circuit is designed for the new chaotic hyperjerk system with four quadratic nonlinearities. Finally, we present a control application for the proposed chaotic hyperjerk system with four quadratic nonlinearities. Using active backstepping control, we design a new controller that achieves complete synchronization for the master-slave chaotic hyperjerk systems with four quadratic nonlinearities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Aceng Sambas
3 4
ORCID: ORCID
Irene M. Moroz
5
ORCID: ORCID
Chittineni Aruna
6
ORCID: ORCID
Mohamad Afendee Mohamed
2
ORCID: ORCID
Arun Sundaram
7
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Centre for Control Systems, Vel Tech University, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road, Avadi, Chennai-600062, Tamil Nadu, India
  2. Faculty of Information and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
  3. Faculty of Informatics and Computing, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat 46196, Indonesia
  5. Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Andrew Wiles Building, ROQ, Oxford Ox2 6GG, UK
  6. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KKR & KSR Institute of Technology and Sciences, Vinjanampadu, Vatticherukuru Mandal, Guntur-522017, Andhra Pradesh, India
  7. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jerusalem College of Engineering, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai – 600 100, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract

In this work we study the invariant optimal control problem on Lie groupoids.We show that any invariant optimal control problem on a Lie groupoid reduces to its co-adjoint Lie algebroid. In the final section of the paper, we present an illustrative example.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ghorbanali Haghighatdoost
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Mathematics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract

A new method of the decomposition of the fractional descriptor linear continuoustime and discrete-time systems into dynamical and static parts is proposed. Conditions for the decomposition of the fractional descriptor linear systems are established and procedures for compositions of the matrices of dynamical and static parts are given. The procedures are illustrated by numerical examples.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Kaczorek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lukasz Sajewski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45D, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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Abstract

This article investigates the impact of a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) link and a wind turbine system (WTS) on the dynamics of a three-area thermal automatic generation control (AGC) system. A novel controller, the cascade of proportional-integral (PI) and tiltintegralderivative (TID) with filter coefficient (N) (PI-TIDN) controller is projected. The WTS units are subjected to various wind velocity scenarios, including fixed and random wind velocities. The controller parameters are concurrently enhanced using the hybrid crowsearch algorithm (HCSA). The system dynamics corresponding to the PI-TIDN controller are superior to those of PIDN and TIDN controllers. Additionally, studies with different wind velocities demonstrate that responses with fixed wind velocities are better than those with random wind velocities. Moreover, integrating WTS units with the thermal system improves dynamics compared to the thermal system alone. It is also apparent that the parallel AC-HVDC system enhances dynamics. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis exposes that the PI-TIDN controller values at nominal settings are vigorous and do not require retuning.
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Authors and Affiliations

Naladi Ram Babu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tirumalasetty Chiranjeevi
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ramesh Devarapalli
3
ORCID: ORCID
Fausto Pedro García Márquez
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Aditya University, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India
  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College Sonbhadra, U.P., India
  3. Department of Electrical/Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indianoil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
  4. Ingenium Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
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Abstract

The path-planning strategies are implemented by establishing the Riemann curvature tensor and geodesic equations of the 1-S robot workspace. This paper’s originality lies in formulation of the parametric 1-S robotworkspace for path planning, which is based on the differential geometry of the geodesic and Riemann curvature equations. The novel results in defining the path plan with diffeomorphic and expandable trajectories with zero and negative sectional curvatures are encouraging, as shown in the research article’s result sections. The constant negative, constant positive, and zero sectional curvatures produce hyperbolic, elliptical, and Euclidean geometries. The workspace equation, derived using Lie algebra, defines the parameters of ��1, ��2, ��3, and ��4 to obtain the shortest distances in path planning. The geodesic equations determine the shortest distances in the context of Riemann curvature tensor equations. These parameters from the workspace equation (��1, ��2, ��1, ��1) are used in the geodesic and Riemann curvature tensor equations. The results show that one needs to choose the most convenient parameters of the mechanism for path-planning capabilities. Both the topology of the mechanism, which is 1-S herein and the parameters of the workspaces should be selected for the pre-defined trajectories of the path planning, as shown in the results. The reconfigurable robots have many mechanism topologies to transform.

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Authors and Affiliations

Haydar Sahin
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. İstanbul Gedik University, Mechatronics Engineering, 34953 Kartal Türkiye
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Abstract

Controlling the unstable processes is challenging since one or more poles are located on the right side of the s-plane. The existence of dead time in these systems makes control much more difficult. In this paper, internal model control based sliding mode control has been proposed for the control of unstable processes with dead time. Two sliding surfaces based on PID and PIDPI are used to design of the proposed controller. The parameters of continuous and discontinuous control law are obtained using differential evolution optimization technique. An objective function is constituted in terms of performance measure (integral absolute error) and control effort measure (total variation of controller output). Illustrative examples demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller over earlier reported work in this realm, especially in terms of load disturbance rejection. A case study on temperature management of a continuous stirred tank reactor during an irreversible exothermic process also serves to highlight the applicability of the proposed system. Furthermore, robustness of the proposed controller is also investigated by inclusion of perturbations in the parameters. The obtained results clearly show how well the suggested controller works.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mohammed Hasmat Ali
1
ORCID: ORCID
Md Nishat Anwar
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, India
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Abstract

Hybrid welding processes have gained significant attention due to their high efficiency and exceptional welding properties. However, there are still significant technological challenges in achieving consistent quality and suppressing welding defects. To overcome this challenge, researchers have focused on the integration of visual analysis techniques, numerical simulation techniques, and advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) and digital twins. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge on quality monitoring in hybrid welding, encompassing an overview of hybrid welding processes, quality assurance, monitoring techniques, key performance indicators, and advancements in monitoring techniques. Furthermore, the review highlights the integration of sensor data with AI/ML algorithms and digital twin technologies, enhancing the capabilities of quality monitoring systems. Notably, the review emphasizes the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twin technologies into quality monitoring frameworks. Artificial intelligence/Machine learning enables real-time analysis of welding parameters and defect detection, while digital twins offer virtual representations of physical welding processes, facilitating predictive maintenance and optimization. The findings underscore the crucial role of sensor technology, AI/ML, and digital twin integration in enhancing defect detection accuracy, improving welded joint quality, and control in hybrid welding. In addition to improving the quality of welded joints, this integration paves the way for further developments in welding technology.
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Authors and Affiliations

Solomon Habtamu Tessema
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dariusz Bismor
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Department of Measurements and Control Systems, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

This work studies a class of singular Volterra integral equations that are (controlled) and can be applied to memory-related problems. For optimum controls, we prove a second-order Pontryagin type maximal principle.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jasarat J. Gasimov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nazim I. Mahmudov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Mathematics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Mersin 10, 99628, T.R. North Cyprus, Turkey
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Abstract

In this paper, a particular form of practical ℎ-observers for piecewise continuous Lipschitz, one-sided piecewise continuous Lipschitz systems and quasi-one-sided piecewise continuous Lipschitz systems is extended to nonlinear non-autonomous dynamical systems with disturbances. With the notion of practical ℎ-stable functions, the obtained state estimates are used for an eventual feedback control, and the practical separation principle is tackled. An example is given to show the applicability of the main result.
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Authors and Affiliations

Manel Alaya
1
Hanen Damak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Nizar Hadj Taieb
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mohamed Ali Hammami
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Department of Mathematics, University of Sfax, Tunisia
  2. Preparatory Engineering Institute of Sfax, Department of Mathematics, University of Sfax, Tunisia

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