Science and earth science

Acta Geologica Polonica

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Acta Geologica Polonica | 2022 | vol. 72 | No 1

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Abstract

A peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland, contains the rare mineral henrymeyerite [(Ba0.92Na0.05Ca0.03)1.0(Ti6.87Fe2+1.04Nb0.03)7.9O16], a low-Fe Ba titanate [(Ba0.74Ca0.02Na0.05)0.8 (Ti4.9oFe2+0.15 Nb0.04)5.1O11], and an unidentified Ba titanosilicate. Both titanates show the coupled substitution 2Na+ + Si4+ → Ba2+ + Ti4+. The minerals are present as tiny crystals fringing ilmenite inclusions in an amphibole crystal and are thought to have formed during the hydrothermal stage of the granite’s evolution.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Cegiełka
1 2
Bogusław Bagiński
1
Ray Macdonald
1 3
Beata Marciniak-Maliszewska
1
Marcin Stachowicz
1

  1. Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Warsaw,Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
  3. Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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Abstract

Fluorite mineralization was studied in the Variscan granitoid Karkonosze pluton in the northern part of the Bohemian massif (Lower Silesia, Poland). Fluid inclusions in fluorite and quartz were investigated by the following methods: heating and freezing on an immersion microscope stage, spectrophotometric and electron probe analysis, calcination and water leachate. The parent fluids of fluorite were of the Na-Ca-Cl type with a low CO₂ content. The fluoride ions had sources in the pluton and in its host rocks. Fluid inclusion observations provide evidence of various post-formation alteration. such as refilling, partition, cracking, migration, expulsion or vacuole modification from irregular to cubic habit. A final model of fluorite origin and parent fluid evolution is presented.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Kozłowski
1
Witold Matyszczak
1

  1. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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Abstract

The paper focuses on the taxonomic description of the lower Carboniferous (uppermost Tournaisian to middle Viséan) solitary rugose corals from bedded limestone and shale units in the Flett Formation in the Jackfish Gap (eastern Liard Range), northwestern Canada. The corals described herein include 12 species representing the genera Ankhelasma Sando, 1961, Bradyphyllum Grabau, 1928, Caninophyllum Lewis, 1929, Cyathaxonia Michelin, 1847, Ekvasophyllum Parks, 1951, Enniskillenia Kabakovich in Soshkina et al., 1962, Vesiculophyllum Easton, 1944 and Zaphrentites Hudson, 1941. Two of these species are new (Ankhelasma canadense sp. nov. and Ekvasophyllum variabilis sp. nov.) and 6 taxa are described in open nomenclature. The distribution and relative abundance of solitary Rugosa in Europe and the Liard Basin confirm the geographical proximity of those areas and the open marine communication between them during the early Carboniferous. It therefore represents an important contribution to the determination of the time of isolation of the western Laurussia shelf fauna from that of southeastern Laurussia, as well as the time of the possible emergence of species from southeastern Laurussia into the western Laurussia seas. Of particular importance here are cosmopolitan taxa and the timing of their disappearance from the fossil record.
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Authors and Affiliations

Edward Chwieduk
1

  1. Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Bogumiła Krygowskiego 12, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

A relatively rich assemblage of starfish is recognised from the talus facies of an Upper Jurassic (lower Kimmeridgian) biohermal, sponge-cyanobacterial build-up from the Wapienno/Bielawy succession exposed in a salt-dome anticline in Kuyavia region, north-central Poland. The paper presents 8 taxa belonging to 4 genera (one new to science): Boxaster gen. nov., Noviaster Valette, 1929, Tylasteria Valette, 1929, Valettaster Lambert, 1914, and 4 families: Astropectinidae Gray, 1840, Goniasteridae Forbes, 1841, Sphaerasteridae Schöndorf, 1906 and Stauranderasteridae Spencer, 1913. Only a very few representatives of some of these taxa have formerly been reported from the Jurassic of Poland. Two species are new: Valettaster planus sp. nov. and Boxaster wapienensis gen. et sp. nov. The Jurassic starfish assemblage recognised from the Wapienno/Bielawy succession is interpreted as an offshore starfish fauna with the admixture of allochtonous shallow-water taxa. The lithology of the source deposits indicates their transport by storm agitation and/or mass movements. This fact strongly influenced the preservation state, all collected plates being disarticulated and most of them abraded.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Loba
1
Urszula Radwańska
2

  1. Polish Academy of Sciences Museum of the Earth in Warsaw, Aleja na Skarpie 20/26, 27, 00-488 Warszawa
  2. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
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Abstract

Herein are presented the results of detailed bio- (calcareous dinocysts, calpionellids, foraminifers, saccocomids) and chemostratigraphic (δ13C) studies combined with high-resolution microfacies, rock magnetic and gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) investigations performed on the upper Kimmeridgian–upper Valanginian carbonates of the Giewont succession (Tatricum, Giewont and Mały Giewont sections, Western Tatra Mountains, Poland). The interval studied covers the contact between the Raptawicka Turnia Limestone (RTL) Fm. and the Wysoka Turnia Limestone (WTL) Fm. Their sedimentary sequence is composed of micrites, pseudonodular limestones, cyanoid packstones, lithoclastic packstone and encrinites. A precise correlation with the previously published Mały Giewont section is ensured by biostratigraphy, rock magnetic and GRS logs. The methodology adopted has enabled the recognition of two stratigraphic discontinuities, approximated here as corresponding to the latest Tithonian–early (late?) Berriasian and the early Valanginian. The hiatuses are evidenced by biostratigraphic data and the microfacies succession as well as by perturbations in isotopic compositions and rock magnetic logs; they are thought to result from a conjunction of tectonic activity and eustatic changes. A modified lithostratigraphic scheme for the Giewont and the Osobita High-Tatric successions is proposed. The top of the RTL Fm. falls in the upper Tithonian, where cyanoid packstones disappear. At the base of the WTL Fm. a new Giewont Member is defined as consisting of a basal lithoclastic packstone and following encrinites.
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Authors and Affiliations

Damian Gerard Lodowski
1
Andrzej Pszczółkowski
2
Andrzej Wilamowski
3
Jacek Grabowski
3

  1. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa Research Centre, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
  3. Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute, ul. Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland

Authors and Affiliations

Nestor Oszczypko
1
Marta Oszczypko-Clowes
1
Barbara Olszewska
2

  1. Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geological Sciences, Gronostajowa 3a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
  2. Polish Geological Institute, Carpathian Branch, Skrzatów 1, 31-560 Kraków, Poland

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