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Optimization of T-6 cycle and Characterization of Si3N4 Reinforced High Strength Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites

Ashish Kumar Ravindra Singh Rana Rajesh Purohit Anurag Namdev
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 775-783 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.142461
Keywords stir casting microstructure mechanical properties optimization fractography
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Abstract

In this research, AA7068/Si3N4 composites were fabricated through stir casting with the attachment of ultrasonic treatment. The quenching medium and aging duration significantly influenced the hardness of Al alloy samples. Peak hardness was achieved after 12 h of artificial aging at the temperature of 140°C. The addition of nano Si3N4 significantly refined the microstructure of unreinforced AA7068. The dispersion of intermetallic compounds (MgZn2) and grain boundary discontinuation were noticed after the T-6 heat treatment. Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness were improved by 70.95%, 76.19%, and 44.33%, respectively, with the addition of 1.5 weight % Si3N4 compared to as-cast alloy due to the combined effect of heat treatment, hall-Petch, Orowan, thermal miss match, load-bearing strengthening mechanisms and uniform dispersion of reinforcement. A reduction in percentage elongation was noticed due to composites’ brittle nature by the effect of ceramic Si3N4 particles’ inclusion. The fracture surfaces reveal ductile failure for alloy and mixed-mode failure in the case of composites.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ashish Kumar
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ravindra Singh Rana
1
Rajesh Purohit
1
Anurag Namdev
1
  1. Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bhopa l, Madhya Pradesh, India

Characterization of Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of AE44 Magnesium Alloy

M. Sozańska A. Mościcki B. Chmiela
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2020 | vol. 65 | No 1 | 479-484 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2020.131750
Keywords Magnesium alloy fractography stress corrosion cracking (SCC) AE44
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Abstract

The paper presents the susceptibility of AE44 magnesium alloy to electrochemical corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The evaluation of the intensity of the interaction of the corrosive environment was carried out using the corrosion tests and the Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT). Corrosion tests performed in 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution (immersion in solution and under cathodic polarization conditions) revealed that the layer of corrosion products was much thicker after immersion test. The results of SSRT showed that the AE44 alloy deformed in the solution was characterized by higher plasticity compared to the alloy deformed in the air after immersion in solution. Moreover, the fractures were characterized by different morphology. In the case of an alloy deformed in the solution under cathodic polarization many microcracks on the fracture were observed, which were not observed in the case of the alloy deformed in the air.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Sozańska
A. Mościcki
B. Chmiela

Cauchy-based Modelling in Cementitious Materials Technology

P. Stroeven M. Słowik
Archives of Civil Engineering | Vol. 66 | No 2 | 179-190 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2020.131804
Keywords Cauchy concepts fractography fibre reinforcement fracture roughness pore tortuosity permeability
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Abstract

Cauchy paved the way for constructing models in concrete technology, and elsewhere. He determined the (nonflat) surface area in 3D by measuring random total projections. Analogously, he determined the length of a curved line in 2D by way of measuring the total projections. The paper will present the mathematical expressions, because in many branches of concrete technology, modelling is found based on such Cauchy concepts. These branches – fractography in compression, tension or shear, fibre reinforcement and permeability estimation – will briefly be mentioned to demonstrate this. It has been found that, for the discussed fields of engineering relevance, major model parameters for cementitious materials are similar to those developed by Cauchy in the 19th century. In the paper some previous investigations concerning fractography, fibre reinforcement and fracture roughness will be summarized but basically a new development on porosimetry will be presented. Particularly a new achievement of successful implementation of the methodology (also based on Cauchy) for optimizing permeability estimation will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Stroeven
M. Słowik

Fatigue life prediction for acid-resistant steel plate under operating loads

T. Tomaszewski P. Strzelecki M. Wachowski M. Stopel
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2020 | 68 | No. 4 (i.a. Special Section on Advances in Electrical Power Engineering) | 913-921 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.134184
Keywords reliability macro-fractography finite element analysis S-N curve acid-resistant steel
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Abstract

The paper evaluates the causes related to the fatigue damage in a conveyor slide plate, exposed to high-frequency cyclic loads. The plate was made of 1.4301 acid-resistant steel. The fractography showed that the plate failure was caused by fatigue crack. A nonlinear analysis of plate deformation was conducted using the finite element method (FEA) in LS-Dyna software. The maximum normal stresses in the plate fracture were used in further analysis. A “fatigue limit” calculated initially using a FITNET procedure was above the maximum stress calculated using FEA. It indicates that the structural features of the plate were selected correctly. The experimental test results for 1.4301 acid-resistant steel were described using a probabilistic Weibull distribution model. Reliability was determined for the obtained S-N curve at 50% and 5% failure probability allowing for the selected coefficients (cycle asymmetry, roughness, variable load) and the history of cyclic loading. Cumulative damage was determined using the Palmgren-Miner hypothesis. The estimated fatigue life was similar to the actual value determined in the operating conditions for the S-N curve at 5% failure probability. For engineering calculations, the S-N curve at max. 5% failure probability is recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Tomaszewski
P. Strzelecki
M. Wachowski
ORCID: ORCID
M. Stopel

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg Alloy and AlSi Composite Reinforced with SiC Particles

G.G. Sirata K. Wacławiak A.J. Dolata
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2024 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 50-59 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2024.149271
Keywords Metal matrix composites (MMCs) Mechanical properties SiC particle reinforcement Microstructure analysis Fractography
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Abstract

There is growing interest in developing more advanced materials, as conventional materials are unable to meet the demands of the automotive, aerospace, and military industries. To meet the needs of these sectors, the use of advanced materials with superior properties, such as metal matrix composites, is essential. This paper discusses the evaluation of microstructural and mechanical properties of conventional eutectic EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg aluminum alloy (AlSi12) and advanced composite based on EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg alloy matrix with 10 wt% SiC particle reinforcement (AlSi12/10SiCp). The microstructure of these materials was investigated with the help of metallographic techniques, specifically using a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the microstructural analysis show that the SiC particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix. The results of the mechanical tests indicate that the tensile properties and hardness of the AlSi12/10SiCp composite are significantly higher than those of the unreinforced eutectic alloy. For AlSi12/10SiCp composite, the tensile strength is 21% higher, the yield strength is 16% higher, the modulus of elasticity is 20% higher, and the hardness is 11% higher than unreinforced matrix alloy. However, the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy has a percentage elongation that is 16% higher than the composite material. This shows that the AlSi12/10SiCp composite has a lower ductility than the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy. The tensile specimens of the tested composite broke apart in a brittle manner with no discernible neck development, in contrast to the matrix specimens, which broke apart in a ductile manner with very little discernible neck formation.
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Authors and Affiliations

G.G. Sirata
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Wacławiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
A.J. Dolata
1
  1. Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

Fractography of Stress Corrosion Cracking of 20% Cold Worked Type 304 H Stainless Steel Containing δ-Ferrite in Oxidizing Primary Water

Hong-Pyo Kim Jong-Yeon Lee Sung-Hwan Cho Min-Jae Choi Sung-Woo Kim Hyung-Ha Jin Dong-Jin Kim Seoung-Sik Hwang Yun-Soo Lim
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2024 | vol. 69 | No 1 | 49-52 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2024.147783
Keywords Type 304 H stainless steel stress corrosion cracking (SCC) fractography primary water
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Abstract

Fractography of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 20% cold worked Type 304 H stainless steel containing δ-ferrite was studied using a compact tension (CT) specimen in oxidizing primary water with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). The stress corrosion crack propagated mostly in transgranular stress corrosion cracking (TGSCC) mode and sometimes in intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) mode. TGSCC paths were along the {111} plane with both high resolved shear stress and high resolved tensile stress. IGSCC preferentially propagated along the grain boundary perpendicular to the loading axis. The findings in this work suggest that TGSCC proceeds through formation of a weakening zone at the head of the crack tip by interaction of slip and corrosion and then cracking of the weakened zone by tensile stress.
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Authors and Affiliations

Hong-Pyo Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jong-Yeon Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sung-Hwan Cho
1
ORCID: ORCID
Min-Jae Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sung-Woo Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hyung-Ha Jin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dong-Jin Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Seoung-Sik Hwang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yun-Soo Lim
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Korea Atomic Energy Rese arch Institute , Materials Safety Research Division, 989-111 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-353, Republic of Korea

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