Nauki Techniczne

Opto-Electronics Review

Zawartość

Opto-Electronics Review | 2025 | 33 | 1

Abstrakt

Hybrid pixel detectors are segmented devices widely used for photon detection. They consist of a sensor and readout electronics bonded together. Due to their hybrid structure, sensors of different materials can be used to register a wide range of photon energies. Moreover, the devices working in a single photon counting (SPC) mode allow registering each incoming photon separately, providing noiseless imaging. The spatial resolution of the detectors and photon count rate registered per unit area can be improved by reducing pixel size. However, small-pixel devices suffer from charge sharing. The charge sharing between pixels can be observed if the charge cloud generated in the photon-sensor event spreads due to diffusion and repulsion. Several anti-charge-sharing algorithms exist and some have been successfully implemented inside the ASICs readout. Even though they allow the allocation of the event to the proper pixel and reconstruction of the total photon energy, the detector resolution is limited by the readout channel area which must be large enough to fit the complex mixed-mode functionality. The article presents the simulations of an alternative solution which can improve both spatial resolution and high-count-rate performance. In the authors’ approach, charge sharing is regarded as a positive effect which can be used to estimate the photon interaction position with subpixel resolution. The algorithm is evaluated to improve detection efficiency and required pixel area for implementation in deep submicron technologies.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Aleksandra Krzyżanowska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Otfinowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland

Abstrakt

Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams experience phase twist after long-distance transmission, making the orbital angular momentum (OAM) indistinguishable. This phenomenon becomes more severe in water due to the higher refractive index. Based on the physical principles of LG beams, this paper derives the mathematical expression for LG beam transmission in water to address this issue. It organizes and analyses the physical significance of each term. The exponential term responsible for phase twist is separated and phase compensation is applied to the initial LG beam. Simulation results show that after transmission through water, traditional LG beams exhibit a clockwise twisted distribution of isophase lines. By applying the phase compensation method proposed in this paper, the phase of the initial LG beam is modulated and when the LG beam reaches the observation plane, the isophase lines become straight, verifying the effectiveness of the method. This compensation method holds significant value for LG beams in advanced physics research.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Haotian Shi
1 2
Xiaoyue Wang
3
Yani Zuo
2
Hao Qiao
4
Limeng Luo
4

  1. College of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
  2. Division of Time and Frequency Metrology, National Institute of Metrology (NIM), Beijing 100029, China
  3. College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
  4. Tianfu Xinglong Lake Laboratory, Chengdu 610213, China

Abstrakt

The paper presents an X-ray camera for testing moving objects. A typical application of such cameras is scanning products on an industrial production line. Currently, the most popular device detecting radiation in this type of camera consists of a pixel line based on scintillator detectors. Unfortunately, increasing its resolution automatically involves reducing the pixel size and reducing the signal-to-noise ratio. This is where the time domain integration method comes in handy, increasing the resolution without degrading the signal-to-noise ratio. The camera presented in this paper is based on an application-specific integrated circuit dedicated to this purpose. The application-specific integrated circuit core is a pixel matrix operating in a single-photon counting mode. Its architecture was designed to implement the time domain integration method and construct high-resolution cameras with a large scanning area. The article also describes the hardware and software of the application-specific integrated circuit readout system.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mirosław Żołądź
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Measurement and Electronics, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland

Instrukcja dla autorów

Guide for Authors

https://www.editorialsystem.com/opelre/journal/for_authors/

OPTO-ELECTRONICS REVIEW is an open access journal. This involves the payment of an article publishing charge (APC) by the authors, their institution or funding body. We make the article freely available immediately upon publication on PAS Jornals platform (https://journals.pan.pl/opelre)

As of July 1st, 2024, there are changes in the fees for open access publications in Opto-Electronics Review: 2000 PLN (500 EUR) - up to 8 pages of the journal format and mandatory over-length charges of 200 PLN (50 EUR) per page (see the above link with instructions for Authors for details)

Articles submitted by June 30th, 2024: existing fee: 1750 PLN (or 400 EUR)

Articles submitted from July 1st, 2024: new fee: 2000 PLN (or 500 EUR) - a flat fee per paper up to 8 pages of the journal format (each additional page will be charged an additional 200 PLN or 50 EUR).

Dodatkowe informacje

barwy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej i wizerunek godła Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

DOFINANSOWANO ZE ŚRODKÓW BUDŻETU PAŃSTWA
Rozwój czasopism naukowych
Nr projektu: RCN/SN/0652/2021/1
Dofinansowanie: 85 700 zł
Całkowita wartość: 85 700 zł
Data podpisania umowy: 6 grudnia 2022 r.
Celem projektu jest wsparcie działalności wydawniczej Opto-Electronics Review w zakresie poprawy widoczności czasopisma na arenie krajowej i międzynarodowej oraz podwyższenia jakości edytorskiej prezentowanych treści.

CO-FINANCED FROM THE STATE BUDGET
Development of scientific journals
Project number: RCN/SN/0652/2021/1
Funding: PLN 85,700
Total value: PLN 85,700
Date of signing the contract: December 6, 2022.
The project aims to support the publishing activities of Opto-Electronics Review to improve the journal's visibility in the national and international arena and increase the editorial quality of the presented content.

Opto-Electronics Review was established in 1992 for the publication of scientific papers concerning optoelectronics and photonics materials, system and signal processing. This journal covers the whole field of theory, experimental verification, techniques and instrumentation and brings together, within one journal, contributions from a wide range of disciplines. Papers covering novel topics extending the frontiers in optoelectronics and photonics are very encouraged. The main goal of this magazine is promotion of papers presented by European scientific teams, especially those submitted by important team from Central and Eastern Europe. However, contributions from other parts of the world are by no means excluded.

Articles are published in OPELRE in the following categories:

-invited reviews presenting the current state of the knowledge,

-specialized topics at the forefront of optoelectronics and photonics and their applications,

-refereed research contributions reporting on original scientific or technological achievements,

-conference papers printed in normal issues as invited or contributed papers.

Authors of review papers are encouraged to write articles of relevance to a wide readership including both those established in this field of research and non-specialists working in related areas. Papers considered as “letters” are not published in OPELRE.

Opto-Electronics Review is published quarterly as a journal of the Association of Polish Electrical Engineers (SEP) and Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS) in cooperation with the Military University of Technology and under the auspices of the Polish Optoelectronics Committee of SEP.

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The editors of the journal place particular emphasis on compliance with the following principles:

Ethical policy of Opto-Electronics Review

The ethical policy of Opto-Electronics Review follows the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity and is also guided by the core practices and policies outlined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Authors must be honest in presenting their results and conclusions of their research. Research misconduct is harmful for knowledge.

Research results

Fabrication, falsification, or selective reporting of data with the intent to mislead or deceive is unethical, as is the theft of data or research results from others. The results of research should be recorded and maintained to allow for analysis and review. Following publication, the data should be retained for a reasonable period and made available upon request. Exceptions may be appropriate in certain circumstances to preserve privacy, to assure patent protection, or for similar reasons.

Authorship

All those who have made a significant contribution should be given chance to be cited as authors. Other individuals who have contributed to the work should be acknowledged. Articles should include a full list of the current institutional affiliations of all authors, both academic and corporate.

Competing interests

All authors, referees and editors must declare any conflicting or competing interests relating to a given article. Competing interests through their potential influence on behavior or content or perception may undermine the objectivity, integrity, or perceived value of publication.

Peer Review

We are committed to prompt evaluation and publication of fully accepted papers in Opto-Electronics Review’s publications. To maintain a high-quality publication, all submissions undergo a rigorous review process.

Characteristics of the peer review process are as follows:

• Simultaneous submissions of the same manuscript to different journals will not be tolerated.

• Manuscripts with contents outside the scope will not be considered for review.

• Opto-Electronics Review is a single-blind review journal.

• Papers will be refereed by at least 2 experts as suggested by the editorial board.

• In addition, Editors will have the option of seeking additional reviews when needed. Authors will be informed when Editors decide further review is required.

• All publication decisions are made by the journal’s Editor-in-Chief based on the referees’ reports. Authors of papers that are not accepted are notified promptly.

• All submitted manuscripts are treated as confidential documents. We expect reviewers to treat manuscripts as confidential material.

• Editors and reviewers involved in the review process should disclose conflicts of interest resulting from direct competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with any of the authors, and remove oneself from cases in which such conflicts preclude an objective evaluation. Privileged information or ideas that are obtained through peer review must not be used for competitive gain.

• A reviewer should be alert to potential ethical issues in the paper and should bring these to the attention of the editor, including any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which the reviewer has personal knowledge. Any statement, observation, derivation, or argument that had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation.

• Personal criticism is inappropriate.

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Reproducing text from other papers without properly crediting the source (plagiarism) or producing many papers with almost the same content by the same authors (self-plagiarism) is not acceptable. Submitting the same results to more than one journal concurrently is unethical. Exceptions are the review articles. Authors may not present results obtained by others as if they were their own. Authors should acknowledge the work of others used in their research and cite publications that have influenced the direction and course of their study.

Plagiarism is not tolerated. All manuscripts submitted to Opto-Electronics Review will be checked for plagiarism (copying text or results from other sources) and self-plagiarism (duplicating substantial parts of authors’ own published work without giving the appropriate references) using the CrossCheck database (iThenticate plagiarism checker).

Duplicate submission

Simultaneous submissions of the same manuscript to different journals will not be tolerated. The submitted article will be removed without consideration.

Corrections and retractions

All authors have an obligation to inform and cooperate with journal editors to provide prompt retractions or correction of errors in published works.

• The journal will issue retractions if:

• There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g., data fabrication or honest error - miscalculation or experimental error);

• The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification (i.e., cases of redundant publication);

• It constitutes plagiarism;

• It reports unethical research.

• The journal will issue errata, if:

• A small portion of an otherwise reliable publication proves to be misleading (especially because of honest error);

• The author list is incorrect.

Other forms of misconduct include failure to meet clear ethical and legal requirements such as misrepresentation of interests, breach of confidentiality, lack of informed consent and abuse of research subjects or materials. Misconduct also includes improper dealing with infringements, such as attempts to cover up misconduct and reprisals on whistleblowers.

The primary responsibility for handling research misconduct is in the hands of those who employ the researchers. If a possible misconduct is brought to our attention, we will seek advice from the referees and the Editorial Board. If there is the evidence, we will resolve the matter by appropriate corrections in the printed and online journal; by refusing to consider an author's future work and by contacting affected authors and editors of other journals.

Human and Animal Rights

If the work involves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans; Uniform Requirements for manuscripts submitted to Biomedical journals. Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed.

All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should be carried out in accordance with the EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, and the authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed.

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