Applied sciences

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2021 | vo. 21 | No 2

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Abstract

Sodium silicate is one of the most successful inorganic binder. Along with the broad application of sodium silicate for domestic and industrial purposes, the composition analysis, include modulus (m), ratio of SiO2:Na2O, Na2O%, SiO2%, and solid-containing content, is important for the products strength and service life. However, it is perplexing to operate, inefficient and low precision for traditional standard testing method of these parameters. In this study, an automatic measurement system of sodium silicate composition analysis, with the potential electrode for potentiometer titration, micro-controller, PCB, heater, stirrer, printer and micro peristaltic pump, was developed according to the determine method principle. The end-points of pH value in the two titrating steps, first was 4.3 and second was 6.0, were set in the micro-controller to control the reaction in the processing of the sodium silicate composition analysis. And all the potential signals of the pH electrode were transited in the special PCB for the micro-controller.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Huafang Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Quanrun Wang
1
Wu Zhang
1
Xiang Gao
1
Jijun Lu
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
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Abstract

Selective laser melting is one of the additive manufacturing technologies that is used to produce complex-shaped components for applications in the automotive industry. The purpose of the changes in the design, technology, and material tests was to make a steering gear housing using the SLM method. The steering gear housing was produced by the pressure casting method using an AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy. The construction of this housing is adapted to the specifics of left-hand traffic. The change in technology was related to the change of the position of the steering system from right-hand to left-hand and the demand for a limited number of gear housings. It was necessary to make a virtual model of the housing on the basis of the part that was removed from the vehicle. In SLM technology, the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy was used as a raw material in the form of CL 32Al gas-atomized powder. After the SLM process was completed, the housings were subjected to heat treatment. The AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated by the SLM method after heat treatment is characterized by good plasticity and an average value of tensile strength. The last stage was to check the geometry of the SLM housing with a 3D scanner. As a result, a map of the dimensional deviations from the nominal values was obtained. This data was used to modify the CAD model before the next fabrication process.
The use of 3D printing technology allowed for the quick production of elements. The time to develop the technology and the production of the first two gear housings based on a 3D model was seven days.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Piekło
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Garbacz-Klempka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Reymonta 23 Str., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The paper reports the results of work leading to the construction of a spatial thermo-mechanical model based on the finite element method allowing the computer simulation of physical phenomena accompanying the steel sample testing at temperatures that are characteristic for the soft-reduction process. The proposed numerical model is based upon a rigid-plastic solution for the prediction of stress and strain fields, and the Fourier-Kirchhoff equation for the prediction of temperature fields. The mushy zone that forms within the sample volume is characterized by a variable density during solidification with simultaneous deformation. In this case, the incompressibilitycondition applied in the classic rigid-plastic solution becomes inadequate. Therefore, in the presented solution, a modified operator equation in the optimized power functional was applied, which takes into account local density changes at the mechanical model level (the incompressibility condition was replaced with the condition of mass conservation). The study was supplemented withexamples of numerical and experimental simulation results, indicating that the proposed model conditions, assumptions, and numerical models are correct.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Hojny
Tomasz Dębiński
ORCID: ORCID
M. Głowacki
1
Trang Thi Thu Nguyen
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

In this paper a plastic deformation and a damage evolution in low-carbon cast steel containing non-metallic inclusions are analysed experimentally and numerically. Two microstructures of the cast steel have been obtained after appropriate heat treatment. Tensile tests of smooth specimens and axisymmetric notched specimens have been performed. The notched specimens have the notch radii: 1 mm, 3 mm and 7 mm. Fractography of the specimens was carried out to observe fracture mechanisms. The mechanism depended on the stress state in the notched specimens. The fractography showed the existence of two fracture mechanisms: ductile failure and by shear.
The process of the voids growth formed on the non-metallic inclusions was the process which included in the explanation of the damage mechanism. Modelling of deformation of the specimens has been used with the model suggested by Gurson, Tvergaard and Needleman. The model is implemented in the Abaqus finite element program. The computer simulation was performed using ABAQUS system. The computed output was compared with the experimental results obtained for specimens of the same shape.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Lachowski
1
J. Borowiecka-Jamrozek
1

  1. Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiąclecia PP. 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
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Abstract

The paper deals with the possibility of the renovation of permanent steel molds for casting using electric arc welding technology. When casting liquid metal into permanent steel molds, there is chemical-thermo-mechanical wear of the surface of the mold cavity and the inlet system, which causes a deterioration of the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the casting. For this reason, it is necessary to renovate the steel mold after a certain casting interval - mold life. In this case, the technology of manual electric arc welding with a coated electrode was used for the renovation. The welding renovation aims to increase the service life of the mold using carbide hardfacing welds, which after welding achieve high mechanical properties of the renovated mold parts. Two types of hardfacing coated electrodes were used for welding, namely the OK Weartrode 55HD electrode and the OK Weartrode 50T electrode. Macroscopic analysis, tribological tests as well as the measurement of the hardness of the welded layers were performed to evaluate the quality and the friction coefficients of the additional materials used. The properties of hardfacing welds were compared with the properties of the basic material of the high-alloy steel mold. The main advantage is in addition to increasing the durability and longevity of the mold, also reducing the cost of mold renovation compared to other renovation technologies.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Šutka
1
R. Koňar
1
J. Moravec
1
L. Petričko
1

  1. Department of Technological Engineering, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Zilina, Slovakia
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Abstract

At present, Al-Si-Cu based alloys (with a typical representative AlSi9Cu3 alloy) represent more than half of the castings used in various industries (automotive, aerospace and electrical engineering). These are most often sub-eutectic (exceptionally eutectic) alloys with a content of 6 to 13 wt. % Si and 1 to 5 wt. % Cu. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of the evaluation of input raw materials that determines the overall properties of the casting and the costs invested in its production. A negative impact on performance can be expected when using an alloy made up of a high proportion of recycled material, despite its economic benefits. Experimental alloys were evaluated based on the results of crystallization process and a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and deep etching. The effect of remelting and increasing the remelted returnable material in the batch was manifested especially in the crystallization of iron-rich phases. The negative effect of remelting on the structural components was manifested after the fourth remelting. Gradual increase of remelted returnable material in the batch causes harmful changes in the crystallization process.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Matejka
1
ORCID: ORCID
D. Bolibruchová
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Kuriš
1

  1. University of Zilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Technological Engineering, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Zilina, Slovak Republic
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Abstract

In foundry, metal casting can be done with various methods. One of the most important methods preferred around the world is sand casting. Ester curable alkaline phenolic resins have produced to make sand molds by No-bake systems. They must have specific properties to make sand casting efficient and reliable. Production of these resins depends on some fossil raw-materials like phenol. To investigate more sustainable and green resin synthesis method, lots experiment have been done by substitution of phenol with renewable alternative phenolic materials like resorcinol, lignosulphonates and tannic acid and its derivatives. Different properties of resins were produced with competitive performance with the market product, ÇKE Alfanol A 72 No-Bake Resin. Without loss of performance, calcium lignosulfonate was used in polymer synthesis at the rate of 15% instead of phenol. On the other hand, the reaction in which lignin and resorcinol were combined instead of phenol by reducing it by 25% gave better results in terms of mechanical and thermal properties. Thermal properties were investigated for resorcinol and lignin modified resins by using TGA-DSC and mechanical performance of cured sand core sample were tested by Simpson Sand Strength Testing Machine as compression strength as N/cm2.. After laboratory testing casting performance of new resins are compared with two different companies’ resins in steal casting demo. Experimental results were matched with casting trail and no defect was detected.
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Authors and Affiliations

A.E. Güvendik
1
K. Ay
2

  1. Çukurova Kimya Endüstrisi A.Ş., Turkey
  2. Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey
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Abstract

The phenomenon of “soft zone” is occurring in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels. Therefore, the process of weld metal solidification and phase transformation in HAZ is essential to understand the behaviour of the material, especially in the case where welded joints are debilitating part of the construction. The simulation program SYSWELD is powerful tool to predict solidification and phase transformation of welding joint, what correspond to the mechanical properties of the joints. To achieve relevant results of the simulation, it is necessary to use right mathematic-material model of the investigated material. Dilatometric test is the important methods to gather necessary input values for material database. In this paper is investigated physical and metallurgical properties of S960MC steel. The dilatometric curves were carried out on the laboratory machine dilatometer DIL 805L. In addition to determination of the phase transformation temperatures at eight levels of the cooling rate, the microstructure and hardness of the material are further analysed. The hardness of the samples reflects the achieved microstructure. Depending on the cooling rate, several austenitic transformation products were observed such as pearlite, bainite, martensite and many different ferritic microstructures. The differences between the transformation temperature results using the first derivation method and the three tangent method are up to 2%. The limit cooling rate was set at value 30°C/s. The microstructure consists only of bainite and martensite and the hardness reaches a value of 348HV and higher.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Málek
1
M. Mičian
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Moravec
1

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec I, Czech Republic
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Abstract

High strength tire cord steel is extensively used in radial ply tyres as the framework material, but the presence of brittle single titanium inclusions or complex titanium inclusions can cause failure of the wires and jeopardize their performance in production. In order to provide a key guidance on the control of titanium inclusions, it is necessary to clarify their formation mechanism during solidification. In the present work, the thermodynamic calculations were employed for an elaboration on their formation mechanism, combined with the industrial test. The TiN–MnS complex inclusions observed by SEM–EDS shows that the internal corresponds to TiN and the external is MnS. Thermodynamic calculations based on the microsegregation model indicate that MnS forms first, which can act as a nucleation site for the co–deposit of TiN in the mushy zone. As the MnS inclusions have a better deformation than that of TiN inclusions, then the TiN inclusions are wrapped by the MnS inclusions, generating TiN–MnS complex inclusions after rolling.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jialiu Lei
1
Xiumin Wang
1
Dongnan Zhao
1
Yongjun Fu
1

  1. Hubei Polytechnic University, China
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Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the cast iron production and to predict production volume and cost in the near future based on the analysis results. Cast iron is one of the most common materials used in various industrial sectors. Cast iron scrap processing is the least expensive and saves both money and time. It is produced both in Russia and abroad and is one of the export types. Cast iron production significantly influences other industrial sectors. All this confirms the relevance of the study. The novelty of the study consists in the identification of the leaders among the cast-iron producers in the world and Russian metallurgical companies, as well as the determination of trends in its production at the present stage of economic development. The increasing consolidation level of cast iron producers has been revealed: China, India, Japan, and Russia represented 85% of the cast iron global production in 2019. In Russia, nine metallurgical companies account for 80% of cast iron production. In general, cast iron production in the world is stable and the import share of cast iron is about 4%. Cast iron prices tend to decline. The work identifies the lower and upper limits of the possible range of the cast iron prices. The authors conclude that the declining prices of cast iron in Russia may make its production unprofitable.
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[13] Profile 2018/2019. World Steel Association [electronic resource] Retrieved from: https://www.worldsteel.org/ publications/bookshop/product-details.~Profile-2017-2018~PRODUCT~Profile2017~.html.
[14] Steel Statistical Yearbook 2019. World Steel Association [electronic resource] Retrieved from: http:// https://www.worldsteel.org/publications/bookshop/product-details.~Steel-Statistical-Yearbook-2017~PRODUCT~SSY2017~.html.
[15] ACG (2020). Rynok chuguna v Rossii. Tekushchaya situatsiya i prognoz 2020-2024 gg. [Cast iron market in Russia. The current situation and the outlook for the period from 2020 to 2024]. Retrieved from: https://alto-group.ru/otchot/rossija/380-rynok-chuguna-tekushhaya-situaciya-i-prognoz-2014-2018-gg.html/.

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Authors and Affiliations

S.S. Golubev
1
V.D. Sekerin
1
A.E. Gorokhova
1
G.V. Komlatskiy
2
Y.I. Arutyunyan
2

  1. Moscow Polytechnic University, Bolshaya Semenovskaya Street, 38, Moscow, 107023, Russia
  2. Kuban State Agrarian University, Kalinina Street, 13, Krasnodar, 350044, Russia
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Abstract

High pressure die casting technology (HPDC) is a method enabling the production of shape-complex casts with good mechanical properties, with high repeatability of production within narrow tolerance limits. However, the casts show, to some extent, basic porosity, which may reduce their mechanical and qualitative properties. One of the main areas to focus on in order to reduce the porosity of casts is the correct design and structure of the gating and overflow system. Submitted article is devoted to the assessment of the connecting channel cross-section design for connecting the overflows to the cast on selected parameters of the casting process. Five different cross-section designs of connecting channels are considered, enabling the removal of gases and vapors from the volume during the molding. The connecting channels are designed with a constant width g = 10mm and variable height h1 = 1.50 mm, h2 = 1.25 mm, h3 = 1.00 mm, h4 = 0.75 mm and h5 = 0.6 mm. The primary monitored parameter is the gas entrapment in selected points of the cast. The following is an evaluation of the pressure conditions change in the mold cavity at the end of the filling mode and local overheating of the mold material just below the surface of the mold face. With regard to the monitored parameters, based on the performed analyzes, the most suitable design solution of the connecting channel is assessed and recommendations for the design and structure of the overflows and their connection to the cast are derived.
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Bibliography

[1] Gaspar, S., Pasko, J., Majernik, J. (2017). Influence of structure adjustment of gating system of casting mould upon the quality of die cast. Lüdenscheid: RAM-Verlag.
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[8] Chavan, R. & Kulkarni, P.S. (2020). Die design and optimization of cooling channel position for cold chamber high pressure die casting machine. In 2nd International Conference on Emerging trends in Manufacturing, Engines and Modelling, 23-24 December 2019 (Article number 012017). Mumbai, India: Institute of Physics Publishing. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/810/1/012017.
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[12] Qin, X.-Y., Su, Y., Chen, J. & Liu, L.-J. (2019). Finite element analysis for die casting parameters in high-pressure die casting process. China Foundry. 16(4), 272-276. DOI: 10.1007/s41230-019-8088-8.
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[14] Majernik, J. & Podaril, M. (2019). Influence of runner geometry on the gas entrapment in volume of pressure die cast. A rchives of Foundry Engineering. 19(4), 33-38. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2019.129626.
[15] Dańko, R., Dańko, J. & Stojek, J. (2015). Experiments on the Model Testing of the 2nd Phase of Die Casting Process Compared with the Results of Numerical Simulation. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(4), 21-24. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2015-0072.
[16] Gaspar, S. & Pasko, J. (2016). Pressing Speed, Specific Pressure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Cast. A rchives of Foundry Engineering. 16(2), 45-50. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2016-0024
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Authors and Affiliations

J. Majerník
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Podařil
1
D. Gojdan
2

  1. Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  2. Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the Seat in Prešov, Slovak Republic
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Abstract

The results of microstructure examinations and UTS, YS, El, RA carried out on low-carbon cast steel containing 0.15% C. The tests were carried out on specimens cut out from samples cast on a large-size casting and from samples cast in separate foundry moulds. It has been shown that significant differences in grain size observed in the material of the separately cast samples and cast-on samples occur only in the as-cast. In the as-cast state, in materials from different tests, both pearlite percent content in the structure and mean true interlamellar spacing remain unchanged. On the other hand, these parameters undergo significant changes in the materials after heat treatment. The mechanical properties (after normalization) of the cast-on sample of the tested cast steel were slightly inferior to the values obtained for the sample cast in a separate foundry mould. The microscopic examinations of the fracture micro-relief carried out by SEM showed the presence of numerous, small non-metallic inclusions, composed mainly of oxide-sulphides containing Mn, S, Al, Ca and O, occurring individually and in clusters.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

B.E. Kalandyk
1
Renata E. Zapała
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Cast Alloys and Composites Engineering, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, ul. Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

The paper compares changes in the structure and mechanical properties due to the synergistic effect of alloying elements Zr and Ti. It is assumed that by increasing the content of Zr and Ti in the aluminium alloy, better mechanical properties will be achieved. Paper focuses on description of the differences between the samples casted into the shell mold and the metal mold. Main difference between mentioned molds is a different heat transfer coefficient during pouring, solidification and cooling of the metal in the mold. The main goal was to analyse the influence of Zr and Ti elements and compare the mechanical properties after the heat treatment. Curing and precipitation aging were used during the experiment. The effect of the elements on AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy created differences between the excluded Zr phases after heat treatment. Evaluation of the microstructure pointed to the decomposition of large predominantly needle Zr phases into smaller, more stable formations.
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Bibliography

[1] Bolibruchová, D., Tillová, E. (2005). Al-Si foundry alloys. Žilina.
[2] Michna, Š., Lukáč, I. (2005). et al. Encyclopedia of aluminum.
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[4] Bolibruchová, D., Kuriš, M. & Matejka, M. (2019). Effect of Zr on selected properties and porosity of AlSi9Cu1Mg alloy for the purpose of production of high-precision castings. Manufacturing Technology. 19(4), 1213-2489.
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[13] Tillova, E., Chalupova, M. (2009). Structural analysis of Al-Si alloys. Žilina: EDIS ŽU UNIZA.

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Authors and Affiliations

E. Kantoríková
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Kuriš
1
R. Pastirčák
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Technological Engineering, University of Žilina in Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
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Abstract

The article presents the new technology of the refractory materials used for the ladles and pouring devices. The aim for solving the majority of the problems that originated from the refractory lining was to develop the group of cement-free TRIAD products by Vesuvius company. The cement-free setting system in the TRIAD products eliminates calcium oxide (CaO) that occurs in low and extra low cement concretes resulting in its higher strength at higher temperatures. The features of the new cement-free castables were described. One of the most unique features of this technology is the porous material structure. Small venting microchannels are formed during the concrete setting process. These micro-channels allow for removing water vapor from the lining without affecting its refractory properties. On the other hand, the diameter of pores is so low that it disallows the penetration of slag and metal into the lining, extends its operating life at the same time facilitates cleaning and removing build-ups. The procedure of the preparation of these materials, as well as the method of building of the lining, were presented. An example of the practical use of these materials in the ductile cast iron foundry was presented, showing the advantages of the new refractory materials over the traditional ones.
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Bibliography

[1] Drevin, J. (2014). Triad – a new range of user-friendly, high-strength refractory concretes. Przegląd Odlewnictwa. 9-10, 390-393. (in Polish).
[2] Rybak, M. (2011). Influence of alumina cement hydration conditions on concrete properties. Piece Przemysłowe & Kotły. 1, 21-25. (in Polish).
[3] Drevin J. (2011). Triad – Triad high-performance castable linings. Foundry Practice. 253(6) 16-20.
[4] Cygan B., Dorula J., Jezierski J. (2018). TRIAD - modern technology of non-cement concrete in cast iron foundry. In Congress Proceedings of the 73rd World Foundry Congress "Creative Foundry", 23rd–27th September 2018 (pp. 561-562). Krakow, Poland: Polish Foundrymen's Association.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Cygan
1 2
J. Dorula
3
J. Jezierski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Silesian University of Technology, Department of Foundry Engineering, 7 Towarowa, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  2. Teksid Iron Poland Sp. z o.o., 49 Ciężarowa, 43-430 Skoczów, Poland
  3. Vesuvius Poland Sp. z o.o. , Foundry Division - Biuro Handlowe, Portowa Business Center, 8 Portowa, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

Foundry sand is the main element of sand mixtures from which molds or sand cores are made. Due to the continuous development of coremaking technologies, the selection of the right type of base sand becomes more and more important. The major features of foundry sand are determined by the following factors: chemical and mineralogical composition, sand grain size, grain size distribution, sand grain shape, and surface quality. The main goal of our research was to develop a qualification method that can be used to predict the characteristics of sand cores made from different sand types. Samples made from different types of foundry sand were used during the research whose properties were examined with a new qualification system, and then its connection with the gas permeability of sand cores was analyzed. Based on the research results, a strong correlation could be established between the suggested quality indicators: CQi (Core Quality Index), CG (Coefficient of Granulometry), and permeability.
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Bibliography

[1] Stauder, B.J. (2018). Investigation on the removal of internal sand cores from aluminium castings. Dissertation, Montanuniversitäte, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria.
[2] Schindelbacher, G. & Kerber H. (2013). Umfassende Charakterisierung von Formstoffen mit einer neuen Prüfmethode. Giesserei Rundschau. 60 Heft 3/4, 58-66.
[3] Geraseva, O. (2016). P otential alternativer Formstoffe zur Kernherstellung. Masterarbeit, Montanuniversitäte, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria.
[4] Conev, M., Vasková, I., Hrubovčáková, M. & Hajdúch, P. (2016). Impact of Silica Sand Granulometry on Bending Strength of Cores Produced by ASK Inotec Process. Manufacturing Technology. 16(2), 327-334. DOI: 10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/MT/16/2/327.
[5] Vasková, I., Varga, L., Prass, I., Dargai, V., Coney, M., Hrubovčáková, M., Bartošová, M., Buľko, B. & Demeter P. (2020). Examination of Behavior from Selected Foundry Sands with Alkali Silicate-Based Inorganic Binders. Metals. 10(2), 235. DOI: 10.3390/met10020235.
[6] Flemming, E., Tilch, W. (1993). Formstoffe und Formverfahren. Deutscher Verlag fur Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig – Stuttgart.
[7] Dańko, R. (2017). Influence of the Matrix Grain Size on the Apparent Density and Bending Strength of Sand Cores. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 17(1), 27-30. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2017-0005.
[8] Beňo, J. & Adamusová K. & Merta V. & Bajer T. (2019) Influence of Silica Sand on Surface Casting Quality. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 19(2), 5-8. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2019.127107.
[9] Marinšek, M., Zupan, K. (2011). Influence of the granulation and grain shape of quartz sands on the quality of foundry cores, Materials and Technology. 45 (5), 451-455.
[10] Löchte, K. (1998.) Working with the Cold Box Process in the Coremaking Department of a Foundry. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from: http://metkoha.com/documents/Working% 20with%20the%20Coldbox%20Process1.pdf.
[11] Bechný, V. (2012). Zukünftige Herausforderungen an Gießereisande. Giesserei-Rundschau. 59. Heft 3/4, 81-83.
[12] Kotzmann, J. & Bechný V. (2013). Die Zukunft der Form- und Kernherstellung. Retrieved January 29, 2021, from: http://www.giba.at/pdf/giba-de.pdf.
[13] Iden, F., Pohlmann, U., Tilch, W. & Wojtas, H.J. (2011). Strukturen von Cold-Box-Bindersystemen und die Möglichkeitihrer Veränderung. Giesserei Rundschau. 58, 1/2, 3-8.
[14] Iden, F., Tilch, W. & Wojtas, H.J. (2011). Die Haftungsmechanismen von Cold-Box-Bindemitteln auf der Formstoffoberfläche. Giesserei. 5/2011, 24-36.
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[16] Dargai, V., Polzin, H. & Varga, L. (2018). Die Bestimmung der granulometrischen Eigenschaften von Gießereisanden mittels dynamischer Bildanalyse. Giesserei Praxis. 4/2018, 19-22.
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[19] Raatz, G. (2014). Trends in der Partikelgrößenanalyse. Powtech / Technopharm – Messtechnik. 9/2014, 25-28. [20] Ridsdale and Ridsdale DieterT. Foundry sand testing equipment operating instructions (AFS). Catalogue No. 800, Retrieved January 29, 2021, from: https://www.basrid.co.uk/ridsdale/images/pdf/AFS_OIM.pdf

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Authors and Affiliations

H. Hudák
1
G. Gyarmati
1
L. Varga
1

  1. Institute of Foundry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Miskolc, Hungary

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Publication Ethics Policy

The standards of expected ethical behavior for all parties involved in publishing in the Archives of Foundry Engineering journal: the author, the journal editor and editorial board, the peer reviewers and the publisher are listed below.

All the articles submitted for publication in Archives of Foundry Engineering are peer reviewed for authenticity, ethical issues and usefulness as per Review Procedure document.

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2. Promptness: Any selected reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its timely review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself/herself from the review process.
3. Confidentiality: All manuscript received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except those authorized by the editor.
4. Standards of objectivity: Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.
5. Acknowledgement of sources: Reviewers should identify the relevant published work that has not been cited by authors. Any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper should be reported to the editor.
6. Disclosure and conflict of Interest: Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relations with any of the authors, companies, or institutions involved in writing a paper.

Peer-review Procedure


Review Procedure


The Review Procedure for articles submitted to the Archives of Foundry Engineering agrees with the recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education published in a booklet: ‘Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce’ (MNiSW, Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce, Warszawa 2011).

Papers submitted to the Editorial System are primarily screened by editors with respect to scope, formal issues and used template. Texts with obvious errors (formatting other than requested, missing references, evidently low scientific quality) will be rejected at this stage or will be sent for the adjustments.

Once verified each article is checked by the anti-plagiarism system Cross Check powered by iThenticate®. After the positive response, the article is moved into: Initially verified manuscripts. When the similarity level is too high, the article will be rejected. There is no strict rule (i.e., percentage of the similarity), and it is always subject to the Editor’s decision.
Initially verified manuscripts are then sent to at least four independent referees outside the author’s institution and at least two of them outside of Poland, who:

have no conflict of interests with the author,
are not in professional relationships with the author,
are competent in a given discipline and have at least a doctorate degree and respective
scientific achievements,
have a good reputation as reviewers.


The review form is available online at the Journal’s Editorial System and contains the following sections:

1. Article number and title in the Editorial System

2. The statement of the Reviewer (to choose the right options):

I declare that I have not guessed the identity of the Author. I declare that I have guessed the identity of the Author, but there is no conflict of interest

3. Detailed evaluation of the manuscript against other researches published to this point:

Do you think that the paper title corresponds with its contents?
Yes No
Do you think that the abstract expresses the paper contents well?
Yes No
Are the results or methods presented in the paper novel?
Yes No
Do the author(s) state clearly what they have achieved?
Yes No
Do you find the terminology employed proper?
Yes No
Do you find the bibliography representative and up-to-date?
Yes No
Do you find all necessary illustrations and tables?
Yes No
Do you think that the paper will be of interest to the journal readers?
Yes No

4. Reviewer conclusion

Accept without changes
Accept after changes suggested by reviewer.
Rate manuscript once again after major changes and another review
Reject


5. Information for Editors (not visible for authors).

6. Information for Authors


Reviewing is carried out in the double blind process (authors and reviewers do not know each other’s names).

The appointed reviewers obtain summary of the text and it is his/her decision upon accepting/rejecting the paper for review within a given time period 21 days.

The reviewers are obliged to keep opinions about the paper confidential and to not use knowledge about it before publication.

The reviewers send their review to the Archives of Foundry Engineering by Editorial System. The review is archived in the system.

Editors do not accept reviews, which do not conform to merit and formal rules of scientific reviewing like short positive or negative remarks not supported by a close scrutiny or definitely critical reviews with positive final conclusion. The reviewer’s remarks are sent to the author. He/she has to consider all remarks and revise the text accordingly.

The author of the text has the right to comment on the conclusions in case he/she does not agree with them. He/she can request the article withdrawal at any step of the article processing.

The Editor-in-Chief (supported by members of the Editorial Board) decides on publication based on remarks and conclusions presented by the reviewers, author’s comments and the final version of the manuscript.

The final Editor’s decision can be as follows:
Accept without changes
Reject


The rules for acceptance or rejection of the paper and the review form are available on the Web page of the AFE publisher.

Once a year Editorial Office publishes present list of cooperating reviewers.
Reviewing is free of charge.
All articles, including those rejected and withdrawn, are archived in the Editorial System.

Reviewers

List of Reviewers 2022

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Vivek Ayar - Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Azwinur Azwinur - Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Iwona Bednarczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Łukasz Bohdal - Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Joanna Borowiecka-Jamrozek- The Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Debashish Bose - Metso Outotec India Private Limited, Vadodara, India
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
Murat Çolak - Bayburt University, Turkey
Adam Cwudziński - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Derya Dispinar- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Flora Faleschini - University of Padova, Italy
Imre Felde - Obuda University, Hungary
Róbert Findorák - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Marek Góral - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Barbara Grzegorczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Ozen Gursoy - University of Padova, Italy
Gábor Gyarmati - University of Miskolc, Hungary
Jakub Hajkowski - Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Marek Hawryluk - Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Dario Iljkić - University of Rijeka, Croatia
Magdalena Jabłońska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Nalepa Jakub - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aneta Jakubus - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Łukasz Jamrozowicz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Vitaliy Korendiy - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Malgorzata Lagiewka - Politechnika Czestochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jingkun Li - University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
Petr Lichy - Technical University Ostrava, Czech Republic
Y.C. Lin - Central South University, China
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ewa Majchrzak - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Barnali Maji - NIT-Durgapur: National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
Pawel Malinowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Matejka - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Bohdan Mochnacki - Technical University of Occupational Safety Management, Katowice, Poland
Grzegorz Moskal - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Krzysztof Naplocha - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Tomáš Obzina - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Peiman Omranian Mohammadi - Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
Zenon Opiekun - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Onur Özbek - Duzce University, Turkey
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Miroslawa Pawlyta - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacek Pezda - ATH Bielsko-Biała, Poland
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Jacek Pieprzyca - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Marcela Pokusová - Slovak Technical University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University Thailand Amit Sata - MEFGI, Faculty of Engineering, India
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Vasudev Shinde - DKTE' s Textile and Engineering India Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Bozo Smoljan - University North Croatia, Croatia
Leszek Sowa - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Sławomir Spadło - Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Stradomski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Roland Suba - Schaeffler Skalica, spol. s r.o., Slovak Republic
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jan Szajnar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Michal Szucki - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Damian Słota - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Tęcza - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Mirosław Tupaj - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University United States Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Iveta Vaskova - Technical University of Kosice, Slovak Republic
Dorota Wilk-Kołodziejczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Çağlar Yüksel - Atatürk University, Turkey
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Zych - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2021

Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Imam Basori - State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Leszek Blacha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice
Poland Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Marcin Brzeziński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Alexandros Charitos - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Zhipei Chen - University of Technology, Netherlands
Józef Dańko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Przemysław Fima - Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAN, Kraków, Poland
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers P Ltd., India
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Gábor Gyarmati - Foundry Institute, University of Miskolc, Hungary
Krzysztof Herbuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Agata Jażdżewska - Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Centre of Casting Technology, Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Adrian Kampa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Wojciech Kapturkiewicz- AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tatiana Karkoszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Himanshu Khandelwal - National Institute of Foundry & Forging Technology, Hatia, Ranchi, India
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Kokot - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík - CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Kopyciński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Janusz Kozana - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Kozieł - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Wacław Kuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacques Lacaze - University of Toulouse, France
Avinash Lakshmikanthan - Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India
Jaime Lazaro-Nebreda - Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology, Brunel University London, United Kingdom
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Maria Maj - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Mendakiewicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Hanna Myalska-Głowacka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - Physics-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Mitsuhiro Okayasu - Okayama University, Japan
Agung Pambudi - Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia, Indonesia
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Seyda Polat - Kocaeli University, Turkey
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Alena Pribulova - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich West Midlands, United Kingdom
Iulian Riposan - Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania
Ferdynand Romankiewicz - Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Zielona Góra, Poland
Mario Rosso - Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karthik Shankar - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amritapuri, India
Vasudev Shinde - Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Rajwada, Ichalkaranji, India
Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Jerzy Sobczak - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sebastian Sobula - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Soiński - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Studnicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mayur Sutaria - Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Gujarat, India
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sutiyoko Sutiyoko - Manufacturing Polytechnic of Ceper, Klaten, Indonesia
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Jacek Trzaska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University, United States
Muhammet Uludag - Selcuk University, Turkey
Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Tomasz Wrobel - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Antonin Zadera - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Bo Zhang - Hunan University of Technology, China
Xiang Zhang - Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
Eugeniusz Ziółkowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sylwia Żymankowska-Kumon - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2020

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Rafał Babilas - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Emin Bayraktar - Supmeca/LISMMA-Paris, France
Jaroslav Beňo - VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Boczkal - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Wojciech Borek - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
John Campbell - University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
Ganesh Chate - Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Mirosław Cholewa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Khanh Dang - Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
Vladislav Deev - Wuhan Textile University, China
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Malwina Dojka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Sergii Gerasin - Pryazovskyi State Technical University, Ukraine
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers Ltd, India
Marcin Górny - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Gołąbczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Libor Hlavac - VSB Ostrava, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Philippe Jacquet - ECAM, Lyon, France
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Damian Janicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Witold Janik - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków, Poland
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík -Institute of Engineering Technology CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Sergey Konovalov - Samara National Research University, Russia
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Janusz Krawczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Agnieszka Kupiec-Sobczak - Cracow University of Technology, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Aleksander Lisiecki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Major-Gabryś - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Pavlo Maruschak - Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ukraine
Sanjay Mohan - Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, India
Marek Mróz - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Sebastian Mróz - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Częstochowa, Poland
Konstantin Nikitin - Samara State Technical University, Russia
Daniel Pakuła - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland


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