Nauki Techniczne

Archives of Foundry Engineering

Zawartość

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2021 | vo. 21 | No 3

Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Though normal air cooling and green sand mold-casted gray iron convey an essentially pearlitic matrix, ferritic gray iron is used in some electro-mechanical applications to have better magnetic properties, ductility, and low hardness. Conventionally, to produce ferritic gray iron, foundryman initially produces pearlitic gray iron, then it is carried through a long annealing cycle process for ferritic transformation. This experiment is conducted to eliminate the long annealing cycle from the conventional process. A process is developed to produce as-cast ferritic gray cast iron by air cooling in the green sand mold. In this experiment, Si content is kept high, but Mn content is kept low based on sulfur content; a unique thermodynamic process is established for decreasing the Mn content from the melt. After a successful preconditioning and optimum foundry return charging, the melt is specially inoculated, and metal is poured into the green sand mold. An extra feeder is added for slowing down the cooling rate where casting thickness is around 15mm. Finally, hardness and metallographic images are observed for final confirmation of the ferritic matrix.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Callister, W.D. Jr. (2007). Applications and processing of metal alloys. Materials Science and Engineering, An introduction. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 367-370.
[2] All Sister Concern of WALTON Group (2021). Component of GVM38AA model Compressor. Retrieved June 6, 2021, from https://waltonbd.com/compressor/walpha-series r134a /gvm38aa.
[3] Fox, M.A.O. & Adams, R.D. (1973). Correlation of the damping capacity of cast iron with its mechanical properties and microstructure. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science. 15(2), 81-94.
[4] Buschow K.H.J., de Boer F.R. (2003) Soft-Magnetic Materials. Physics of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48408-0_14.
[5] Mozetic, H., Fonseca, E., Schneider, E. L., Kindlein Jr, W., & Schaeffer, L. (2011). The use of magnetic field annealing on nodular cast iron for speaker cores. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics. 37(1), 51-65.
[6] Dura-Bur, Metal Service (2021). G1A gray iron. Retrieved June 8, 2021 from https://www.dura-barms.com/products/dura-bar/gray-iron/g1a.
[7] Wensheng, L. (1995). Production of as-cast ferritic nodular cast iron. Journal of Zhengzhou Textile Institute. 3, 50-52.
[8] Guzik, E., Kopyciński, D., & Wierzchowski, D. (2014). Manufacturing of ferritic low-silicon and molybdenum ductile cast iron with the innovative 2PE-9 technique. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 59(2), 687-691.
[9] Stefanescu, D.M. (1981). Production of as-cast ferritic and ferritic-pearlitic ductile iron in green sand molds. AFS International Cast Metals Journal. June 1981, 23-32.
[10] Fraś, E. & Górny, M. (2012). An inoculation phenomenon in cast iron. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 57(3), 767- 777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10172-012-0084-6.
[11] Riposan, I., Chisamera, M., Stan, S. & White, D. (2009). Complex (Mn, X) S compounds-major sites for graphite nucleation in grey cast iron. China Foundry. 6(4), 352-358.
[12] Ghosh, S. (1995), Micro-structural characteristics of cast irons. Retrieved July 10, 2019, from http://eprints.nmlindia.org/4334/1/E1-18.pdf.
[13] Lacaze, J. & Sertucha, J. (2016). Effect of Cu, Mn, and Sn on pearlite growth kinetics in as-cast ductile irons. International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 29(1-2), 74-78. DOI: 10.1080/13640461.2016.1142238.
[14] Stefanescu, D. M., Alonso, G., & Suarez, R. (2020). Recent developments in understanding nucleation and crystallization of spheroidal graphite in iron-carbon-silicon alloys. Metals. 10(2), 221. DOI: 10.3390/met10020221.
[15] Ghosh, S. (1994). Heat Treatment of Cast Irons. In: Workshop on Heat Treatment & Surface Engineering of Iron & Steels (HTIS-94), May 11-13, 1994, NML, Jamshedpur.
[16] Electro-Nite. Thermal analysis of cast iron. Retrieved June 8, 2021 from https://www.heraeus.com/media/media/hen/media_hen/products_hen/iron/thermal_analysis_of_cast_iron.pdf.
[17] Koriyama, S., Kanno, T., Iwami, Y., & Kang, I. (2020). Investigation of the difference between carbon equivalent from carbon saturation degree and that from liquidus. International Journal of Metalcasting, 1-8.
[18] Sekowski, K., Piaskowski, J., Wojtowicz, Z. (1972). Atlas of the standard microstructures of foundry alloys. Warszawa: WNT, Poland.
[19] Mampaey, F. (1981). The manganese: sulfur ratio in gray irons. Fonderie Belge – De Belgische Gieterej. 51(1), 11-25 (March 1981).
[20] Gundlach, R., Meyer, M. & Winardi, L. (2015). Influence of Mn and S on the properties of cast iron part III—testing and analysis. International Journal of Metalcasting. 9(2), 69-82.
[21] Behnam, M. J., Davami, P. & Varahram, N. (2010). Effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of gray cast iron. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 528(2), 583-588. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.087.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

Md Sojib Hossain
1

  1. Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Shahbagh, Dhaka – 1000, Bangladesh
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Protective coatings have direct contacts with hot and liquid alloys. As the result of such contacts gases are emitted from coatings. Gas forming is a tendency of the tested material to emit gases under a temperature influence. In order to assess the gas forming tendency either direct or indirect methods are applied. In the hereby work, the measurements of the gas forming tendency were performed under laboratory conditions, by means of the developed indirect method. The research material constituted samples of six selected protective coatings dissolved either in alcohol or in water. These coatings are applied in sand moulds and cores for making cast iron castings. The assessment of their gas forming tendency was presented in relation to temperatures and heating times. The occurrence and changes of oxygen and hydrogen contents in gases outflowing from the measuring flask during tests, were measured by means of gas sensors. The process of the carbon monoxide (CO) emission during tests was also assessed. The following gas sensors were installed in flow-through micro chambers: for oxygen - lambda probe, for hydrogen – pellistor, for carbon monoxide - sensor (dedicated for CO) FIGARO TGS 822 TF. The results of direct CO measurements were recalculated according to the algorithm supplied by the producer of this sensor.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Di Muoio G.L., Skat Tiedje N., Budolph Johansen B. (2014). Automatic vapour sorption analysis as new methodology for assessing moisture content of water based foundry coating and furan sands. Mar del Plata, BS. As., Argentina
[2] Nwaogu, U. & Tiedje, N. (2011). Foundry coating technology: A Review. Materials Sciences and Applications. 2(8), 1143-1160. DOI: 10.4236/msa.2011.28155.
[3] Scarber Jr, P., Bates, C. & Griffin, J. (2006). Avoiding gas defects through mold and core package design. Modern Casting. 96(12), 38-40.
[4] Zych, J, Mocek, J. (2019). Thermal Volumetric Analysis (TVA): a new test method of the kinetics of gas emissions from moulding sands and protective coatings heated by liquid alloy. London: IntechOpen, 13-33. ISBN: 978-1- 78985-161-8; e-ISBN: 978-1-78985-162-5. https://www.intechopen.com/chapter/pdf-download/62133.
[5] Z.B.P. SENSOR GAZ Andrzej Rejowicz. Explosimetric sensing head. Retrieved January 15, 2021 from http://sensorgaz.com.pl/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/EKP1WH.pdf
[6] Figaro Engineering Inc. Tentative product information TGS822TF. Retrieved January 15, 2021 from https://cdn.sos.sk/productdata/ad/97/a7c71525/tgs-822tf.pdf
[7] HA International. Refractory Coating Products. Retrieved January 15, 2021 from https://www.ha.international.com/content/products/refractory _coatings/refractory_coatings.aspx
[8] Marć, A.W. (2018). Multi-parameter assessment of gas formation of selected protective coatings for sand forms. Master thesis. Kraków: AGH WO. (in Polish).
[9] Mocek, J. (2019). Multiparameter assessment of the gas forming tendency of foundry sands with alkyd resins. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 19(2), 41-48.
[10] Zych, J., Mocek, J. & Snopkiewicz, T. (2014). Gas generation properties of materials used in the sand mould technology – modified research method. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 14(3), 105-109.
[11] Lewandowski, J.L., Solarski, W. & Pawłowski, Z. (1993). Classification of molding and core sands in terms of gas formation. Przegląd Odlewnictwa. 5, 143-149. (in Polish).
[12] Lewandowski, J.L. (1997). Foundry mold materials. Kraków. (in Polish).
[13] Mocek, J. & Chojecki, A. (2009). Evolution of the gas atmosphere during filing the sand moulds with iron alloys. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 9(4), 135-140.
[14] Pietkun-Greber I. Janka R. (2010). Effect of hydrogen on metals and alloys. Proceedings of EC Opole. 4(2), 471-476. (in Polish).
[15] Bobrowski, A., Holtzer, M., Dańko, R. & Żymankowska-Kumon S. (2013). Analysis of gases emitted during a thermal decomposition of the selected phenolic binders. Metalurgia International. 18(si.7), 259-261.
[16] Holtzer, M., Kwaśniewska-Królikowska, D., Bobrowski, A., Dańko, R., Grabowska, B., Żymankowska-Kumon, S., & Solarski, W. (2012). Investigations of a harmful components emission from moulding sands with bentonite and lustrous carbon carriers when in contact with liquid metals. Przegląd Odlewnictwa. 62(3-4), 124-132.
[17] Holtzer, M., Dańko, R., Kmita, A., Drożyński, D., Kubecki, M., Skrzyński, M., Roczniak, A. (2020). Environmental Impact of the Reclaimed Sand Addition to Molding Sand with Furan and Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin-A Comparison. Materials. 13, 4395, 1-12. DOI: 10.3390/ma13194395 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

J. Mocek
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Moulding Materials, Mould Technology and Cast Non-Ferrous Metals, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Aluminum casting alloys are widely used in especially automotive, aerospace, and other industrial applications due to providing desired mechanical characteristics and their high specific strength properties. Along with the increase of application areas, the importance of recycling in aluminum alloys is also increasing. The amount of energy required for producing primary ingots is about ten times the amount of energy required for the production of recycled ingots. The large energy savings achieved by using the recycled ingots results in a significant reduction in the amount of greenhouse gas released to nature compared to primary ingot production. Production can be made by adding a certain amount of recycled ingot to the primary ingot so that the desired mechanical properties remain within the boundary conditions. In this study, by using the A356 alloy and chips with five different quantities (100% primary ingots, 30% recycled ingots + 70% primary ingots, 50% recycled ingots + 50% primary ingots, 70% recycled ingots + 30% primary ingots, 100% recycled ingots), the effect on mechanical properties has been examined and the maximum amount of chips that can be used in production has been determined. T6 heat treatment was applied to the samples obtained by the gravity casting method and the mechanical properties were compared depending on the amount of chips. Besides, microstructural examinations were carried out with optical microscopy techniques. As a result, it has been observed that while producing from primary ingots, adding 30% recycled ingot to the alloy composition improves the mechanical properties of the alloy such as yield strength and tensile strength to a certain extent. However, generally a downward pattern was observed with increasing recycled ingot amount.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Miller, W.S., Zhuang, L., Bottema, J., Wittebrood, A.J., Smet, P. De., Haszler, A. & Vieregge, A. (2000). Recent development in aluminium alloys for the automotive industry. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 280, 37-49. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00653-X
[2] Cagan, S.C., Venkatesh, B. & Buldum, B.B. (2020). Investigation of surface roughness and chip morphology of aluminum alloy in dry and minimum quantity lubrication machining. Materials Today: Proceedings. 27, 1122-1126. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.547
[3] Naumova, E.A., Belov, N.A. & Bazlova, T.A. (2015). Effect of heat treatment on structure and strengthening of cast eutectic aluminum alloy Al9Zn4Ca3Mg. Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 57, 5-6. DOI: 10.1007/s11041-015-9874-6
[4] Krolo, J., Gudić, S., Vrsalović, L., Branimir, L., Zvonimir, D. (2020). Fatigue and corrosion behavior of solid-state recycled aluminum alloy EN AW 6082. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 29(7), 4310-4321. DOI: 10.1007/s11665-020-04975-8
[5] TMMOB Metalurji Mühendisleri Odası, Alüminyum Komisyonu, Alüminyum Raporu.
[6] Dhindaw, B.K., Aditya, G.S.L. & Mandal, A. (2020). Recycling and downstream processing of aluminium alloys for automotive applications. In Saleem Hashmi and Imtiaz Ahmed Choudhury (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials. 3 (pp.154-161). Elsevier Inc.
[7] Grjotheim, K., Krohn, C., Malinovsky, M., Matiasovsky, K., Thonstad, J. (1982). Aluminium electrolysis: Fundamentals of the Hall-Heroult Process. 2nd Edition. University of California.
[8] Peng, T., Ou, X., Yan, X. & Wang, G. (2019). Life-cycle analysis of energy consumption and GHG emissions of aluminium production in China. Energy Procedia. 158, 3937- 3943. DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.849
[9] Prasada Rao, A. K. (2011). An approach for predicting the composition of a recycled Al-Alloy. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 64, 615-617. DOI: 10.1007/s12666-011-0084-7
[10] Capuzzi, S. & Timelli, G. (2018). Preparation and melting of scrap in aluminum recycling: A Review. Metals. 8(4), 249. DOI: 10.3390/met8040249
[11] Khalid, S.N.A.B. (2013). Mechanical strength of ascompacted aluminium alloy waste chips. Malaysia: MSc Thesis, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.
[12] Bjurenstedt, A. (2017). On the influence of imperfections on microstructure and properties of recycled Al-Si casting alloys. Sweden: PhD. Thesis, Jönköping University Jönköping.
[13] Bogdanoff, T., Seifeddine, S. & Dahle, A. K. (2016). The effect of Si content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy. La Metallurgia Italiana. 108(6), 65- 69.
[14] Wang, Y., Liao, H., Wu, Y. & Yang, J. (2014). Effect of Si content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al– Si–Mg alloys. Materials & Design. 53, 634-638.
[15] Ozaydin, O. & Kaya, A. (2019). Influence of different Si levels on mechanical properties of aluminium casting alloys. European Journal of Engineering And Natural Sciences. 3(2), 165-172.
[16] Zhang, X., Ahmmed, K., Wang, M. & Hu, H. (2012). Influence of aging temperatures and times on mechanical properties of vacuum high pressure die cast aluminum alloy A356. Advanced Materials Research. 445, 277-282. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.445.277
[17] Ozaydin, O., Dokumaci, E., Armakan, E., Kaya, A. (2019). The effects of artificial ageing conditions on a356 aluminum cast alloys. In ECHT 2019 - European Conference on Heat Treatment. Bardolino, Italy.
[18] Peng, J., Tang, X., He, J. & Xu, D. (2011). Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and tensile properties of A356 alloys. Trans. Nonferous Met. Soc. Chinea. 21, 1950-1956. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)60955-2
[19] Wang, L., Makhlouf, M. & Apelian, D. (2013). Aluminium die casting alloys: alloy composition, microstructure, and properties-performance relationships. International Materials Reviews. 40(6), 221-238. DOI: 10.1179/imr.1995.40.6.221
[20] Yuksel, C.K., Tamer, O., Erzi, E., Aybarc, U., Cubuklusu, E., Topcuoglu, O., Cigdem, M. & Dispinar, D. (2016). Quality evaluation of remelted A356 scraps. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 16(3), 151-156. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2016-0069
[21] Hu, M., Ji, Z., Chen, X. & Zhang, Z. (2007). Effect of chip size on mechanical property and microstructure of AZ91D magnesium alloy prepared by solid state recycling. Materials Characterization. 59(4), 385-389. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2007.02.002
[22] Testing Of Metallic Materials – Tensile Test Pieces, Prüfung Metallischer Werkstoffe – Zugproben Deutsche Norm DIN 50125, 2016.
[23] Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing - Part 1:Method Of Test at Room Temperature, PN-EN ISO 6892-1: 2020-05
[24] Taylor J.A. (2012). Iron-containing intermetallic phases in AlSi based casting alloys. Procedia Materials Science. 1, 19-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.mspro.2012.06.004
[25] Eisaabadi, G.B., Davami, P., Kim, S.K., Varahram, N., Yoon, Y.O. & Yeom, G.Y. (2012). Effect of oxide films, inclusions and Fe on reproducibility of tensile properties in cast Al–Si– Mg alloys: Statistical and image analysis. Materials Science and Engineering: A 558, 134-143. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2012.07.101
[26] Schlesinger, M.E. (2013). Aluminum Recycling. CRC Press. 2nd Edition. CRC Press
[27] Dispinar, D., Akhtar, S., Nordmark, A., Sabatino, M. Di. & Arnberg, L. (2010). Degassing, hydrogen and porosity phenomena in A356. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 527(17), 3719-3725. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2010.01.088
[28] Akhtar, S., Dispinar, D., Arnberg, L. & Sabatino, M.Di. (2009). Effect of hydrogen content melt cleanliness and solidification conditions on tensile properties of A356 alloy. International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 22(4), 22-25. DOI: 10.1179/136404609X367245
[29] Bösch, D., Pogatscher, S., Hummel, M., Fragner, W., Uggowitzer, P.J., Göken, M. & Höppel, H.W. (2015). Secondary Al-Si-Mg high-pressure die casting alloys with enhanced ductility. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 46(3), 1035-1045.
[30] Taylor, J.A. (2004). The effect of iron in Al-Si casting alloys. In 35th Australian Foundry Institute National Conference, 31 Oct - 3 Nov 2004 (148-157). Australia: Australian Foundry Institute (AFI).
[31] Campbell, J. (1993). Castings, 2nd Edition. Elsevier
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

A.Y. Kaya
1
O. Özaydın
1
T. Yağcı
2
A. Korkmaz
2
E. Armakan
1
O. Çulha
2

  1. Cevher Alloy Wheels Co. / R&D Dept., İzmir, Turkey
  2. Manisa Celal Bayar University, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Manisa, Turkey
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

For the manufacture of near net shape complex titanium products, it is necessary to use investment casting process. Melting of titanium is promising to carry out by electron beam casting technology, which allows for specific processing of the melt, and accordingly control the structure and properties of castings of titanium alloys. However, the casting of titanium in ceramic molds is usually accompanied by a reaction of the melt with the mold. In this regard, the aim of the work was to study the interaction of titanium melt with ceramics of shell molds in the conditions of electron beam casting technology. Ceramic molds were made by using the following refractory materials – fused corundum Al2O3, zircon ZrSiO4 and yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide ZrO2, and ethyl silicate as a binder. Melting and casting of CP titanium was performed in an electron beam foundry. Samples were made from the obtained castings and electron microscopic metallography was performed. The presence and morphology of the altered structure, on the sample surface, were evaluated and the degree and nature of their interaction were determined. It was found that the molds with face layers of zirconium oxide (Z1) and zircon (ZS1) and backup layers of corundum showed the smallest interaction with the titanium melt. Corundum interacts with titanium to form a non-continuous reaction layer with thickness of 400-500 μm. For shell molds with face and backup layers of zircon on the surface of the castings, a reaction layer with thickness of 500-600 μm is formed. In addition, zirconium-silicon eutectic was detected in these layers.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Agripa, H. & Botef, I. (2019). Modern Production Methods for Titanium Alloys: A Review. In Maciej Motyka (Eds.) Titanium Alloys – Novel Aspects of Their Manufacturing and Processing (pp. 1-14). UK: IntechOpen. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.81712.
[2] Cviker, U. (1979). Titan i ego splavy. Moskow: Metallurgija, 512. (in Russian).
[3] Il'in, A.A., Kolachev, B.A., Pol'kin, I.S. (2009). Titanovye splavy: Sostav, struktura, svojstva. Spravochnik. Moskva: VILS-MATI, 520. (in Russian).
[4] Banerjee, D. & Williams, J.C. (2013). Perspectives on titanium science and technology. Acta Materialia. 6(3), 844- 879. DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.043.
[5] Saha, R. L., Jacob, K.T. (1986). Casting of titanium and its alloys. Defense science journal. 36(2), 121-141.
[6] Suzuki, K. (2001). An Introduction to the extraction, melting and casting technologies of titanium alloys. Metals and Materials International. 7(6), 587-604. DOI: 10.1007/BF03179258.
[7] Cen, M. J., Liu, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, H.W. & Li, Y.X. (2019). Inclusions in melting process of titanium and titanium alloys. China Foundry. 16(4), 223-231. DOI: 10.1007/s41230-019- 9046-1.
[8] Smalcerz, A., Blacha, L. & Łabaj, J. (2021). Aluminium loss during Ti-Al-X alloy smelting using the VIM technology. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 21(1), 11-17. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2021.136072.
[9] Paton, B.E., Trigub, N.P., Ahonin, S.V., Zhuk, G.V. (2006). Jelektronno-luchevaja plavka titana. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 248. (in Russian).
[10] Ladohin, S.V. (Ed.). (2007). Jelektronno-luchevaja plavka v litejnom proizvodstve. Kyiv: Stal', 626. (in Russian).
[11] Ladohin, S.V., Levickij, N.I., Lapshuk, T.V., Drozd, E.A., Matviec, E.A. & Voron, M.M. (2015). Primenenie jelektronno-luchevoj plavki dlja poluchenija izdelij medicinskogo naznachenija. Metal and Casting of Ukraine. 4, 7-11. (in Russian).
[12] Voron, M.M., Drozd, E.A., Matviec, E.A. & Suhenko, V.Ju. (2018). Vlijanie temperatury litejnoj formy na strukturu i svojstva otlivok titanovogo splava VT6 jelektronno-luchevoj viplavki. Metal and Casting of Ukraine. 1-2, 40-44. (in Russian).
[13] Voron, M.M., Levytskyi, M.I. & Lapshuk, T.V. (2015). Structure and properties of lytic alloys of Ti-Al-V electronvariable smelting system. Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metaliv. 2, 29-37. (in Ukrainian).
[14] Levickij, N.I., Ladohin, S.V., Miroshnichenko, V.I., Matviec, E.A. & Lapshuk T.V. (2008). Ispol'zovanie metallicheskih form dlja poluchenija slitkov i otlivok iz titanovyh splavov pri jelektronno-luchevoj garnisazhnoj plavke. Metal and Casting of Ukraine. 7-8, 50-52. (in Russian).
[15] Nikitchenko, M.N., Semukov, A.S., Saulin, D.V. & Jaburov, A.Ju. (2017). Izuchenie termodinamicheskoj vozmozhnosti vzaimodejstvija materialov lit'evoj formy s metallom pri lit'e titanovyh splavov. Vestnik Permskogo nacional'nogo issledovatel'skogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. Himicheskaja tehnologija i biotehnologija. 4, 249-263. (in Russian).
[16] Altindis, M., Hagemann, K., Polaczek, A.B. & Krupp, U. (2011). Investigation of the Effects of Different Types of Investments on the Alpha‐Case Layer of Ti6Al7Nb Castings. Advanced Engineering Materials. 13(4), 319-324. DOI: 10.1002/adem.201000264.
[17] Chamorro, X., Herrero-Dorca, N., Rodríguez, P. P., Andrés, U. & Azpilgain, Z. (2017). α-Case formation in Ti-6Al-4V investment casting using ZrSiO4 and Al2O3 moulds. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 243, 75-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.12.007.
[18] Neto, R.L., Duarte, T.P., Alves, J.L. & Barrigana, T.G. (2017). The influence of face coat material on reactivity and fluidity of the Ti6Al4V and TiAl alloys during investment casting. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications. 231(1-2), 38-48. DOI: 10.1177/1464420716681824.
[19] Saulin, D., Poylov, V., Uglev, N. (2020). Effusion Mechanism of α-Layer Formation in Vacuum Casting of Titanium Alloys. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 969, 012060, 1-12. DOI: 10.1088/1757- 899X/969/1/012060.
[20] Uwanyuze, S., Kanyo, J., Myrick, S. & Schafföner, S. (2021). A review on alpha case formation and modeling of mass transfer during investment casting of titanium alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 865, June 2021, 158558, 1-19. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.158558
[21] Guilin, Y., Nan, L., Yousheng, L., Yining, W. (2007). The effects of different types of investments on the alpha-case layer of titanium castings. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 97(3), 157-164. DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2007.01.005
[22] Kim, M.G., Kim, S.K. & Kim, Y.J. (2002). Effect of mold material and binder on metal-mold interfacial reaction for investment castings of titanium alloys. Materials Transactions. 43(4), 745-750. DOI: 10.2320/ matertrans.43.745.
[23] Sun, S.C., Zhao, E.T., Hu, C., Yu, J.R., An, Y.K. & Guan, R.G. (2020). Characteristics of interfacial reactions between Ti-6Al-4V alloy and ZrO2 ceramic mold. China Foundry. 17(6), 409-415. DOI: 10.1007/s41230-020-0106-3.
[24] Farsani, M.A. & Gholamipour, R. (2020). Silica-Free Zirconia-Based Primary Slurry for Titanium Investment Casting. International Journal of Metalcasting. 14(1), 92-97. DOI: 10.1007/s40962-019-00335-y.
[25] Bańkowski, D. & Spadło, S. (2020). Research on the Influence of Vibratory Machining on Titanium Alloys Properties. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(3), 47-52. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2020.133329.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

Pavlo Kaliuzhnyi
M. Voron
1
O. Mykhnian
1
A. Tymoshenko
1
O. Neima
1
O. Iangol
1

  1. Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The paper presents changes in the production volume of castings made of non-ferrous alloys on the background of changes in total production of casting over the 2000-2019 period, both on a global scale and in Poland. It was found that the dynamics of increase in the production volume of castings made of non-ferrous alloys was distinctly greater than the dynamics of increase in the total production volume of castings over the considered period of time. Insofar as the share of production of the non-ferrous castings in the total production of castings was less than 16% during the first two years of the considered period, it reached the level of 20% in the last four years analysed. This share, when it comes to Poland, increased even to the greater degree; it grew from about 10% of domestic production of castings to over 33% within the regarded 2000-2019 period. The greatest average annual growth rate of production, both on a global scale and in Poland, was recorded for aluminium alloys as compared with other basic non-ferrous alloys. This growth rate for all the world was 4.08%, and for Poland 10.6% over the 2000-2019 period. The value of the average annual growth rate of the production of aluminium castings in Poland was close to the results achieved by China (12%), India (10.3%) and the South Korea (15.4%) over the same period of time. In 2019, the total production of castings in the world was equal to about 109 million tonnes, including over 21 million tonnes of castings made of non-ferrous alloys. The corresponding data with respect to Poland are about 1 million tonnes and about 350 thousand tonnes, respectively. In the same year, the production of castings made of aluminium alloys was equal to about 17.2 million tonnes in the world, and about 340 thousand tonnes in Poland.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Wübbenhorst, H. (1984). 5000 Jahre Giessen von Metallen. Ed. VDG Giesserei-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf.
[2] Orłowicz, A.W., Mróz, M., Tupaj, M. & Trytek, A. (2015). Materials used in the automotive industry. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(2), 75-78.
[3] Cygan, B., Stawarz, M. & Jezierski, J. (2018) Heat treatment of the SiMo iron castings – case study in the automotive foundry. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 18(4), 103-109.
[4] Bolat, C. & Goksenli, A. (2020) Fabrication optimization of Al 7075/Expanded glass syntactic foam by cold chamber die casting. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(3), 112- 118.
[5] Orłowicz, A.W., Mróz, M., Wnuk, G., Markowska, O., Homik, W. & Kolbusz, B. (2016). Coefficient of friction of a brake disc-brake pad friction couple. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 16(4), 196-200.
[6] Kmita, A. & Roczniak, A. (2017). Implementation of nanoparticles in materials applied in foundry engineering. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 17(3), 205-209.
[7] Jemielewski, J. (1970). Casting of non-ferrous metals. Warsaw: Ed. WNT. (In Polish)
[8] Perzyk, M., Waszkiewicz, S., Kaczorowski, M., Jopkiewicz, A. (2000). Casting. Warsaw: Ed. WNT. (In Polish)
[9] Kozana, J., Piękoś, M., Maj, M., Garbacz-Klempka, A. & Żak, P.L. (2020). Analysis of the microstructure, properties and machinability of Al-Cu-Si alloys. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(4), 145-153.
[10] Matejka, M., Bolibruchová, D. & Kuriš, M. (2021). Crystallization of the structural components of multiple remelted AlSi9Cu3 alloy. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 21(2), 41-45.
[11] Łągiewka, M. & Konopka, Z. (2012). The influence of material of mould and modification on the structure of AlSi11 alloy. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 12(1), 67- 70.
[12] Ščur, J., Brůna, M., Bolibruchová, D. & Pastirčák, R. (2017). Effect of technological parameters on the alsi12 alloy microstructure during crystallization under pressure. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 17(2), 75-78.
[13] Deev, V., Prusov, E., Prikhodko, O., Ri, E., Kutsenko, A. & Smetanyuk, S. (2020). crystallization behavior and properties of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys with different iron content. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(4), 101-107.
[14] Piątkowski, J. & Czerepak, M. (2020). The crystallization of the AlSi9 alloy designed for the alfin processing of ring supports in engine pistons. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(2), 65-70.
[15] Tupaj, M., Orłowicz, A.W., Trytek, A. & Mróz, M. (2019). Improvement of Al-Si alloy fatigue strength by means of refining and modification. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 19(4), 61-66.
[16] Soiński M.S., Jakubus A. (2020). Changes in the production of ferrous castings in Poland and in the world in the XXI century. Scientific and Technical Conference ‘Technologies of the Future’. Ed. of the Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski. Gorzów Wielkopolski, 25.09.2020. Forthcoming.
[17] Soiński M.S., Jakubus A. (2019). Structure of foundry production in Poland against the world trends in XXI century. in: Industry 4.0. Algorithmization of problems and digitalization of processes and devices. Ed. of the Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski. 2019. pp. 113-124. ISBN 978-83-65466-55-6.
[18] Soiński M.S, Jakubus A.(2019). Production of castings in Poland and in the world over the years 2000-2017. in: Industry 4.0. Algorithmization of problems and digitalization of processes and devices 2019. Conference 2018. Ed. of the Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski. pp. 73-92. ISBN 978-83-65466-90-7.
[19] Soiński, M.S., Skurka, K., Jakubus, A. & Kordas, P. (2015). Structure of foundry production in the world and in Poland over the 1974-2013 Period. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(spec.2), 69-76.
[20] Soiński, M.S., Skurka, K., Jakubus, A. (2015). Changes in the production of castings in Poland in the past half century in comparison with world trends”. in: Selected problems of process technologies in the industry. Częstochowa. Ed. Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology of the Częstochowa University of Technology, 2015. Monograph. pp.71-79. ISBN: 978-83-63989-30-9.
[21] Soiński, M.S., Jakubus, A., Kordas, P. & Skurka, K. (2015). Production of castings in the world and in selected countries from 1999 to 2013. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 15(spec.1), 103-110. DOI: 10.1515/afe-2016-0017.
[22] Modern Casting. 35th Census of World Casting Production. December 2001. 38-39.
[23] Modern Casting. 36th Census of World Casting Production. December 2002. 22-24.
[24] Modern Casting. 37th Census of World Casting Production. December 2003. 23-25.
[25] Modern Casting. 38th Census of World Casting Production. December 2004. 25-27.
[26] Modern Casting. 39th Census of World Casting Production. December 2005. 27-29.
[27] Modern Casting. 40th Census of World Casting Production. December 2006. 28-31.
[28] Modern Casting. 41st Census of World Casting Production. December 2007. 22-25.
[29] Modern Casting. 42nd Census of World Casting Production. December 2008. 24-27
[30] Modern Casting. 43rd Census of World Casting Production. December 2009. 17-21.
[31] Modern Casting. 44th Census of World Casting Production. December 2010. 23-27.
[32] Modern Casting. 45th Census of World Casting Production. December 2011. 16-19.
[33] Modern Casting. 46th Census of World Casting Production. December 2012. 25-29.
[34] Modern Casting. 47th Census of World Casting Production. Dividing up the Global Market. December 2013. 18-23.
[35] Modern Casting. 48th Census of World Casting Production. Steady Growth in Global Output. December 2014. 17-21.
[36] Modern Casting. 49th Census of World Casting Production. Modest Growth in Worldwide Casting Market. December 2015. 26-31
[37] Modern Casting. 50th Census of World Casting Production. Global Casting Production Stagnant. December 2016. 25-29.
[38] Modern Casting. Census of World Casting Production. Global Casting Production Growth Stalls. December 2017. 24-28.
[39] Modern Casting. Census of World Casting Production. Global Casting Production Expands. December 2018. 23-26.
[40] Modern Casting. Census of World Casting Production. Total Casting Tons. Hits 112 Million. December 2019. 22- 25.
[41] Modern Casting. Census of World Casting Production Total Casting Tons Dip in 2019. January 2021. 28-30.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

M.S. Soiński
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Jakubus
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. The Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski, ul. Teatralna 25, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

This paper presents the study about defects found in industrial high silicon ductile iron. The microstructures were analysed using an optical microscope. Afterwards, a scanning electron microscope was used to analyse the chemical composition.The study also examined the origin of oxygen and what is the amount of oxygen in the cast iron.The amount of active oxygen was measured at two production processes. Firstly, at the end of melting process, and secondly, after the nodularization treatment. The research was carried out with different proportions of the raw materials. The focus was on determining the mechanism of the formation of slag defects to eliminate them in order to obtain ductile iron with increased silicon content of the highest possible quality. The research presented in this publication is a part of an implementation doctorate carried out in the METALPOL Foundry in Węgierska Górka (Poland). The presented research concerns the elaboration of initial parameters of liquid metal intended for processing into high-silicon ductile cast iron SiMo1000 type with aluminum and chromium additives.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Kopyciński, D. (2015). Shaping the structure and mechanical properties of cast iron intended for operation in difficult conditions of use (selected issues). Katowice-Gliwice: Monography. Archives of Foundry Engineering. (in Polish).
[2] Kleiner, S. & Track K. (2010). SiMo 1000 - Ein aluminium - legiertes gusseisen für Hochtemperatur-anwendungen. Giesserei. 97, 28-34.
[3] Papis, K., Tunziniand, S., Menk, W. (2014). Cast iron alloys for exhaust applications. In 10th International Symposium on the Science and Processing of Cast Iron - SPCI10, November 2014. Mar del Plata, Argentina.
[4] Öberg, Ch., Zhu, B. & Jonsson, S. (2017). Plastic deformation and creep of two ductile cast irons, SiMo51 and SiMo1000, during thermal cycling with large strain. Materials Science Forum. 925, 361-368. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.925.361.
[5] Guzik, E. (2001). Cast iron refining processes, selected issues. Katowice: Archiwum Odlewnictwa PAN. (in Polish).
[6] Collective work (2013). Foundry's guide. Kraków: STOP. 138-139. (in Polish).
[7] Keivan A. Kasvayee, & Ghasemali E. (2017). Characterization and modeling of the mechanical behavior of high silicon ductile iron. Material Science & Engineering A. 708, 159-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.09.115.
[8] Li, D., Perrin,. R., Burger, G., McFarlan, D., Black, B., Logan, R. & Williams, R. (2004). Solidification behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties, hot oxidation and thermal fatigue resistance of high silicon SiMo nodular cast irons. SAE International, Warrendale, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-0792.
[9] Muller, J., Wolf, G. (2001). Optimierte magnesiumdrahtinjektionstechnik zur herstellung von hochwertigem gusseisen mit kugelgraphit aus kupolofenbasiseisn. Giessereiforschung. 53(3), 85-103.
[10] Hampl, J. & Elbert, T. (2010). On modelling of the effect of oxygen on graphite morphology and properties of modified cast irons. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 10(4), 55-60.
[11] Mocek, J., Chojecki, A. (2009). Changes in the gas atmosphere of the casting mould during pouring iron alloys. In XXXIII Scientific Founder's Day Conference. Kraków. (in Polish).
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ł. Dyrlaga
1 2
D. Kopyciński
1
E. Guzik
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Foundry Engineering, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
  2. METALPOL Węgierska Górka ul. Kolejowa 6, 34-350 Węgierska Górka, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The article presents results of research on the influence of the mould material on selected mechanical properties of wax models used for production of casting in investment casting method. The main goal was to compare the strength and hardness of samples produced in various media in order to analyse the applicability of the 3D printing technology as an alternative method of producing wax injection dies. To make the wax injection dies, it was decided to use a milled steel and 3D printed inserts made using FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) / FFF (Fused Filament Fabrication) technology from HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) and ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). A semi-automatic vertical reciprocating injection moulding machine was used to produce the wax samples made of Freeman Flakes Wax Mixture – Super Pink. During injection moulding process, the mould temperature was measured each time before and after moulding with a pyrometer. Then, the samples were subjected to a static tensile test and a hardness test. It was shown that the mould material influences the strength properties of the wax samples, but not their final hardness.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Campbell, J. (2015). Complete casting handbook: metal casting processes, techniques and design. (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
[2] Tamta, K. & Karunakar, D.B. (2020). Development of hybrid pattern material for investment casting process: an experimental investigation on improvement in pattern characteristics. Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 36(6), 744-751. DOI: 10.1080/10426914.2020.1854471.
[3] Bernat, L. & Popielarski, P. (2020). Identification of substitute thermophysical properties of gypsum mould. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 20(1), 5-8. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2020.131274.
[4] Guzera, J. (2010). Casting production in autoclaved gypsum moulds using investment casting method. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 10(3), 307-310. (in Polish).
[5] Sarbojeet, J. (2016). Crystallization behavior of waxes. Doctoral dissertation. Utah State University, Logan, United States of America.
[6] Unknown author, Investment casting process steps (lost wax). Retrieved January 12, 2021, from http://americancastingco.com/investment-casting-process.
[7] Ruwoldt, J., Humborstad Sørland, G., Simon, S., Oschmann, H-J. & Sjoblom, J. (2019). Inhibitor-wax interactions and PPD effect on wax crystallization: New approaches for GC/MS and NMR, and comparison with DSC, CPM, and rheometry. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 177. 53-68. DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.02.046
[8] Jung, T., Kim, J-N. & Kang, S-P. (2016). Influence of polymeric additives on paraffin waxes crystallization in model oils. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering. 33(6), 1813-1822. DOI: https:://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-016-0052-3.
[9] Simnofske, D. & Mollenhauer, K. (2017). Effect of wax crystallization on complex modulus of modified bitumen after varied temperature conditioning rates. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 236. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/236/1/012003.
[10] Edwards, R.T. (1957). Crystal Habit of Paraffin Wax. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 49(4), 750-757. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50568a042.
[11] Dantas Neto A.A., Gomes, E.A.S. & Barros Neto, E.L., Dantas, T.N.C. & Moura C.P.A.M. (2009). Determination of wax appearance temperature (WAT) in paraffin/solvent systems by photoelectric signal and viscosimetry. Brazilian Journal of Petroleum and Gas. 3(4), 149-157. ISSN: 1982- 0593.
[12] Unknown author, Freeman super pink flake wax: technical data sheet. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from https://www.freemanwax.com/datasheets/Injection/tdssuperpink.pdf.
[13] Unknown author, M-series-specification. Retrieved January 12, 2021, from https://support.zortrax.com/m-seriesspecification/.
[14] Clarke, E.W. (1951). Crystal Types of Pure Hydrocarbons in the Paraffin Wax Range. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 43(11), 2526–2535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50503a037
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

A. Kroma
1
P. Brzęk
1

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Materials Technology, Division of Foundry, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznań, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The paper presents FEM approach for comparative analyses of wall connections applied in cast grates used for charge transport in furnaces for heat and thermal-chemical treatment. Nine variants of wall connection were compared in term of temperature differences arising during cooling process and stresses caused by the differences. The presented comparative methodology consists of two steps. In first, the calculations of heat flow during cooling in oil for analysed constructions were carried out. As a result the temperature distributions vs cooling time in cross-sections of analysed wall connections were determined. In the second step, based on heat flow analyses, calculations of stresses caused by the temperature gradient in the wall connections were performed. The conducted calculations were used to evaluate an impact of thermal nodes reduction on maximum temperature differences and to quantitative comparison of various base design of the cast grate wall connection in term of level of thermal stresses and their distribution during cooling process. The obtained results clearly show which solution of wall connection should be applied in cast grate used for charge transport in real constructions and which of them should be avoided because the risk of high thermal stresses forming during cooling process.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Lai, G.Y. (2007). High-Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications. ASM International.
[2] Davis, J.R. (Ed.). (1997). Industrial Applications of HeatResistant Materials. In Davis, J.R. (Eds.), ASM Specialty Handbook - Heat-Resistant Materials (pp. 67-85). ASM International.
[3] Piekarski, B. (2012). Creep-resistant castings used in heat treatment furnaces. Szczecin: West Pomeranian University of Technology Publishing House. (in Polish).
[4] Ul-Hamid et al. (2006). Failure analysis of furnace tubes exposed to excessive temperature. Engineering Failure Analysis. 13(6), 1005-1021. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2005.04.003.
[5] Reihani, A., Razavi, S.A., Abbasi, E. et al. (2013). Failure Analysis of welded radiant tubes made of cast heat-resisting steel. Journal of failure Analysis and Prevention. 13, 658–665. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-013-9741-y.
[6] Piekarski, B. (2010). Damage of heat-resistant castings in a carburizing furnace. Engineering Failure Analysis. 17(1), 143-149. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2009.04.011.
[7] Nandwana, D., et al. (2010). Design, Finite Element analysis and optimization of HRC trays used in heat treatment process. In World Congress on Engineering 2010, June 30 - July 2, 2010 (pp. 1149-1154). London, U.K.: Newswood Limited.
[8] Sandeep, K., Ajit, K. & Mahesh, N.S. (2012). Improving productivity in a heat treatment shop for piston Pins. SASTECH Journal. 11(2), 38-46.
[9] Standard PN-EN 10295: 2004. Heat resistant steel castings.
[10] Bajwoluk, A. & Gutowski, P. (2019). Thermal stresses in the accessories of heat treatment furnaces vs cooling kinetics. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 19(3), 88-93, DOI: 10.24425/afe.2019.127146.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

A. Bajwoluk
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Gutowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mechanical Engineering Faculty, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Polska
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The paper is a summary of a project aimed at identifying and eliminating or minimizing the causes of frequent failures of the Krakow water supply network related to corrosion damage. The paper presents the method of searching for factors responsible for frequent corrosion damage. There were taken into account several factors that may destroy the pipes associated with corrosion processes, such as the composition of the water, aggressiveness of ground, or stray currents. The monitoring method of the corrosion processes applied to observe the condition of the water supply network was discussed. The study showed that the main problem appeared to be stray currents related to the electrical infrastructure widely present in a large city, such as a tram or railway network. To eliminate this threat, a cathodic protection system has been implemented to prevent further failures. There were also demonstrated results of research proving that the applied solutions are effective.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Zimoch, I. (2008). Reliability Analysis of Water Distribution Subsystem. Journal of KONBiN. 7(4), 307-326.
[2] Jażdżewska, A., Gruszka, M., Mazur, R., Orlikowski, J. & Banaś, J. (2020). Determination of the effect of environmental factors on the corrosion of water distribution system based on analysis of on-line corrosion monitoring results. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 65(1), 109-116.
[3] Orlikowski, J., Zielinski, A., Darowicki, K., Krakowiak, S., Zakowski, K., Slepski, P., Jazdzewska, A., Gruszka, M. & J. Banas (2016). Research on causes of corrosion in the municipal water supply system. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 4, 108-115.
[4] Zakowski, K., Darowicki, K., Orlikowski, J., Jazdzewska, A., Krakowiak, S., Gruszka, M., & Banas, J. (2016). Electrolytic corrosion of water pipeline system in the remote distance from stray currents - Case study. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 4, 116-124.
[5] Jazdzewska, A., Darowicki, K., Orlikowski, J., Jazdzewska, A., Krakowiak, S., Zakowski, K., Gruszka, M., & Banas, J. (2016). Critical analysis of laboratory measurements and monitoring system of water-pipe network corrosion-case study. Case Studies in Construction Materials. 4, 102-107.
[6] Loewenthal, R.E., Morrison, I. & Wentzel, M.C. (2004). Control of corrosion and aggression in drinking water systems. Water Science and Technology. 49(2), 9-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0075
[7] Booth, G.H., Cooper, A.W., Cooper, P.M. & Wakerley, D.S. (1967). Criteria of Soil Aggressiveness Towards Buried Metals. I. Experimental Methods. British Corrosion Journal. 2(3), 104-108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/000705967798326957
[8] Bertolini, L., Carsana, M. & Pedeferri, P. (2007). Corrosion behaviour of steel in concrete in the presence of stray current. Corrosion Science. 49(3), 1056-1068. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2006.05.048
[9] Chen, Z., Koleva D. & van Breugel, K. (2017). A review on stray current-induced steel corrosion in infrastructure. Corrosion Reviews. 35(6), 397-423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2017-0009
[10] Cui, G., Li, ZL., Yang, C. & Wang, M. (2016). The influence of DC stray current on pipeline corrosion. Petroleum Science. 13(1), 135-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-015-0064-3
[11] Memon, M. (2013). Understanding Stray Current Mitigation, Testing and Maintenance on DC Powered Rail Transit Systems. In Proceedings of the 2013 Joint Rail Conference. 2013 Joint Rail Conference, April 15-18, 2013. Knoxville, Tennessee, USA: ASME.
[12] Zhu, Q., Cao, A., Zaifend, W., Song, J. & Shengli, C. (2011). Stray current corrosion in buried pipeline. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials. 58(5), 234-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00035591111167695
[13] M. Ormellese & A. Brenna (2017). Cathodic Protection and Prevention: Principles, Applications and Monitoring. Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering.
[14] Peng, P., Zeng, X., Leng, Y., Yu, K. & Ni, Y. (2020). A New On-line Monitoring Method for Stray Current of DC Metro System. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 15(10), 1482-1492.
[15] Yang, L. (2008). Techniques for Corrosion Monitoring. (2nd Ed.). USA: Woodhead Publishing.
[16] Banaś, J., Mazurkiewicz, B., Solarski W., Lelek-Borkowska, U. (2018). Development of the optimal corrosion monitoring system for inner surface of production tubing. In: J. Lubas (Ed.), Development of optimal concepts for the development of unconventional deposits (pp. 78-158). Kraków: Instytut Nafty i Gazu. (in polish)
[17] Scully, J.R. (2000). Polarization Resistance Method for Determination of Instantaneous Corrosion Rates. Corrosion. 56(2), 199-218.
[18] Yang, L., Pan, Y., Dunn, D.S. & Sridhar, N. (2005). RealTime Monitoring of Carbon Steel Corrosion in Crude Oil and Brine Mixtures using Coupled Multielectrode Sensors. In Corrosion 2005, April 2005 (05293). Houston, Texas.
[19] A.S. G01.05, ASTM G1 - 03(2017)e1 Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens, ASTM, 2017, pp. 9.
[20] E.S.E. 12954:2019, General principles of cathodic protection of buried or immersed onshore metallic structures, CEN, 2019, pp. 44.
[21] E.S.E. 50162:2004, Protection against corrosion by stray current from direct current systems, CEN, 2004, pp. 44.
[22] Evitts, R.W. & Kennell, G.F. (2018). Chapter 15 - Cathodic Protection. In M. Kutz (Edt.), Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials (3rd Ed.) (pp. 301-321). UK, USA: William Andrew Publishing.
[23] Peabody, A.W. (2018). Control of Pipeline Corrosion. NACE E-Book
[24] Riskin, J. (2008). Chapter 2 - Corrosion and Protection of Underground and Underwater Structures Attacked by Stray Currents. In: J. Riskin (Edt.), Electrocorrosion and Protection of Metals (pp. 23-35). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

U. Lelek-Borkowska
1
M. Gruszka
2
J. Banaś
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Reymonta 23, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  2. WMK S.A., Senatorska 1, 30-106 Krakow, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Metallurgy is one of the key industries both in Russia and in the world. It has a significant influence on the situation in related industries. Therefore, the current state analysis of ferrous metallurgy production and its formation based on the short-term technological forecast is essential. Based on the foregoing, the research was aimed at analyzing the current state of ferrous metallurgy production in Russia and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prospects for industry development in the short term. The research studies the state of the ferrous metallurgy production in Russia and abroad before the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the volume of industrial production in ferrous metallurgy and the industry structure. The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a serious global recession, necessitating an analysis of the forecast for the development of the ferrous metallurgy industry. The research concludes that the Russian ferrous metals market is so far affected to a lesser extent compared to the European one.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Ryabov, I.V. (2013). Institutional factors of economic development in the steel industry in the Russian Federation. Ekonomika: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. 7-8, 59-71.
[2] Shatokha, V. (2016). Post-Soviet issues and sustainability of iron and steel industry in Eastern Europe. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy. 126, 1-8.
[3] MIT Emerging Trends Report (2013). Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved from http://2013.forinnovations.org/upload/MIT_Technology_Review.pdf.
[4] Cuhls, K. (2003). From forecasting to foresight processes. new participative foresight activities in Germany. Journal of Forecasting. 22, 93-111.
[5] Harrington, E.C.Jr. (1965). The desirability function. Industrial quality control. 21(1), 494-498.
[6] Profile. 2017/2018. World steel association. Retrieved from https://www.worldsteel.org/en/dam/jcr:cea55824-c208-4d41-b387-6c233e95efe5/worldsteel+Profile+2017.pdf.
[7] World Steel Association (2018). Monthly crude steel and iron production statistics. Retrieved from https://www.worldsteel.org/publications/bookshop/productdetails.~2018-Monthly-crude-steel-and-iron-productionstatistics~PRODUCT~statistics2018~.html.
[8] Metalinfo.ru (2018). China continues to cut off excessive capacity. Retrieved from http://www.metalinfo.ru/ru/news/100765.
[9] World Steel Association (2017). Steel Statistical Yearbook 2017. Retrieved from https://www.worldsteel.org/en/dam/jcr:3e275c73-6f11-4e7f-a5d8-23d9bc5c508f/Steel% 2520Statistical%2520Yearbook%25202017_updated%2520version090518.pdf.
[10] World Steel Association (2017). 50 years of the World Steel Association. World Steel Association. Retrieved from https://www.worldsteel.org/en/dam/jcr:80fe4bd6-4eff-4690-96e6-534500d35384/50%2520years%2520of%2520worldsteel_EN.pdf.
[11] Dudin, M.N., Bezbakh, V.V., Galkina, M.V., Rusakova, E.P., Zinkovsky, S.B. (2019). Stimulating Innovation Activity in Enterprises within the Metallurgical Sector: the Russian and International Experience. TEM Journal. 8(4), 1366-1370.
[12] Kharlamov, A.S. (2012). Competitiveness issues of metallurgy. Position of Russia. Monograph. Moscow: Nauchnaya Kniga.
[13] Golubev, S.S, Chebotarev, S.S., Sekerin, V.D. & Gorokhova, A.E. (2017). Development of Employee Incentive Programmes regarding Risks Taken and Individual performance. International Journal of Economic Research. 14(7), 37-46.
[14] Deloitte (2020). Overview of the ferrous metallurgy market. Retrieved from https://www2.deloitte.com/ru/ru/pages/research-center/articles/overview-of-steel-and-ironmarket-2020.html.
[15] Katunin, V.V., Zinovieva, N.G., Ivanova, I.M., Petrakova, T.M. (2021). The main performance indicators of the ferrous metallurgy of Russia in 2020. Ferrous metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific. Technical and Economic Information. 77(4), 367- 392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-4-367-392.
[16] National Credit Ratings (NCR) (2021). The metamorphoses of the pandemic. The forecast of recovery of the Russian economy branches as of June 2, 2021. Analytical Research. June 2, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.ratings.ru/files/research//corps/NCR_Recovery_Jun2021.pdf 24.
[17] Mingazov, S. (2021). Russian metallurgists have doubled payments to the budget. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.ru/newsroom/biznes/430855-rossiyskiemetallurgi-udvoili-vyplaty-v-byudzhet.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

S.S. Golubev
1
V.D. Sekerin
1
A.E. Gorokhova
1
D.A. Shevchenko
1
A.Z. Gusov
2

  1. Moscow Polytechnic University, Bolshaya Semenovskaya Street, 38, Moscow, 107023, Russian Federation
  2. Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The objective of this work is to gain a deeper understanding of the separation effects and particle movement during filtration of non-metallic inclusions in aluminum casting on a macroscopic level. To understand particle movement, complex simulations are performed using Flow 3D. One focus is the influence of the filter position in the casting system with regard to filtration efficiency. For this purpose, a real filter geometry is scanned with computed tomography (CT) and integrated into the simulation as an STL file. This allows the filtration processes of particles to be represented as realistically as possible. The models provide a look inside the casting system and the flow conditions before, in, and after the filter, which cannot be mapped in real casting tests. In the second part of this work, the casting models used in the simulation are replicated and cast in real casting trials. In order to gain further knowledge about filtration and particle movement, non-metallic particles are added to the melt and then separated by a filter. These particles are then detected in the filter by metallographic analysis. The numerical simulations of particle movement in an aluminum melt during filtration, give predictions in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Ishikawa, K., Okuda, H. & Kobayashi, Y. (1997). Creep behaviors of highly pure aluminum at lower temperatures. Materials Science and Engineering A. 234-236, 154-156.
[2] Ishikawa, K. & Kobayashi, Y. (2004). Creep and rupture behavior of a commercial aluminum-magnesium alloy A5083 at constant applied stress. Materials Science and Engineering A, 387-389, 613-617.
[3] Dobes, F. & Milicka, K. (2004). Comparison of thermally activated overcoming of barriers in creep of aluminum and its solid solutions. Materials Science and Engineering A. 387-389, 595-598.
[4] Requena, G. & Degischer, H.P. (2006). Creep behavior of unreinforced and short fiber reinforced AlSi12CuMgNi piston alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 420, 265-275.
[5] Li, L.T., Lin, Y.C., Zhou, H.M. & Jiang, Y.Q. (2013). Modeling the high-temperature creep behaviors of 7075 and 2124 aluminum alloys by continuum damage mechanics model. Computational Materials Science. 73, 72-78.
[6] Fernandez-Gutierrez, R. & Requena, G.C. (2014). The effect of spheroidization heat treatment on the creep resistance of a cast AlSi12CuMgNi piston alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 598, 147-153.
[7] Zhang, Q., Zhang, W. & Liu, Y. (2015). Evaluation and mathematical modeling of asymmetric tensile and compressive creep in aluminum alloy ZL109. Materials Science and Engineering A. 628, 340-349.
[8] Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Xu, Y., Liu, C., Zhao, X., Xu, L., Yang, Y. & Cia, Y. (2020). Creep aging behavior of retrogression and re-aged 7150 aluminum alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 30(10), 2599-2612.
[9] Ahn, C., Jo, I., Ji, C., Cho, S., Mishra, B. & Lee, E. (2020). Creep behavior of high-pressure die-cast AlSi10MnMg aluminum alloy. Materials Characterization. 167, 110495.
[10] Zhang, M., Lewis, R.J. & Gibeling, J.C. (2021). Mechanisms of creep deformation in a rapidly solidified Al-Fe-V-Si alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 805, 140796.
[11] Golshan, A.M.A., Aroo, H. & Azadi, M. (2021). Sensitivity analysis for effects of heat treatment, stress, and temperature on AlSi12CuNiMg aluminum alloy behavior under force-controlled creep loading. Applied Physics A. 127, 48.
[12] Pal, K., Navin, K. & Kurchania, R. (2020). Study of structural and mechanical behavior of Al-ZrO2 metal matrix nano-composites prepared by powder metallurgy method. Materials today: Proceeding. 26(Part 2), 2714-2719.
[13] Shuvho, M.B.A. Chowdhury, M.A., Kchaou, M., Rahman, A. & Islam, M.A. (2020). Surface characterization and mechanical behavior of aluminum-based metal matrix composite reinforced with nano Al2O3, SiC, TiO2 particles. Chemical Data Collections. 28, 100442.
[14] Azadi, M. & Aroo, H. (2019).Creep properties and failure mechanisms of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix silicon oxide nano-composite under working conditions in engine pistons. Materials Research Express. 6, 115020.
[15] Cadek, J., Oikawa, H. & Gustek, V. (1995).Threshold creep behavior of discontinuous aluminum and aluminum alloy matrix composites: an overview. Materials Science and Engineering A. 190, 9-23.
[16] Spigarelli, S. & Paoletti, C. (2018). A new model for the description of creep behavior of aluminum-based composites reinforced with nano-sized particles. Composites Part A. 112, 346-355.
[17] Gupta, R. & Daniel, B.S.S.(2018). Impression creep behavior of ultrasonically processed in-situ Al3Ti reinforced aluminum composite. Materials Science and Engineering A. 733, 257-266.
[18] Gonga, D., Jianga, L., Guanc, J., Liua, K., Yua, Z. & Wua, G. (2020). Stable second phase: the key to high-temperature creep performance of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite. Materials Science and Engineering A. 770, 138551.
[19] Zhao, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Qiu, F. & Jiang, Q. (2018). Enhanced elevated-temperature mechanical properties of Al-Mn-Mg containing TiC nano-particles by pre-strain and concurrent precipitation. Materials Science and Engineering A. 718, 305-310.
[20] Bhoi, N., Singh, H. & Pratap, S. (2020). Developments in the aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced by micro/nano-particles - A review. Journal of Composite Materials. 54(6), 813-833.
[21] Azadi, M., Zomorodipour, M. & Fereidoon, A. (2021). Study of effect of loading rate on tensile properties of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix nano-composite. Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 51(1), 9-18.
[22] Bhowmik, A., Dey, D. & Biswas, A. (2021). Characteristics study of physical, mechanical and tribological behavior of SiC/TiB2 dispersed aluminum matrix composite. Silicon. 06 January. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00923-2.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

B. Baumann
1
A. Keßler
1
E. Hoppach
1
G. Wolf
1
M. Szucki
1
ORCID: ORCID
O. Hilger
2

  1. Foundry Institute, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 4 Bernhard-von-Cotta-Str., 09599 Freiberg, Germany
  2. Simcast GmbH, Westring 401, 42329 Wuppertal, Germany
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Aluminum alloys, due to appropriate strength to weight ratio, are widely used in various industries, including automotive engines. This type of structures, due to high-temperature operations, are affected by the creep phenomenon; thus, the limited lifetime is expected for them. Therefore, in designing these types of parts, it is necessary to have sufficient information about the creep behavior and the material strength. One way to improve the properties is to add nanoparticles and fabricate a metal-based nano-composite. In the present research, failure mechanisms and creep properties of piston aluminum alloys were experimentally studied. In experiments, working conditions of combustion engine pistons were simulated. The material was composed of the aluminum matrix, which was reinforced by silicon oxide nanoparticles. The stir-casting method was used to produce the nano-composite by aluminum alloys and 1 wt.% of nanoparticles. The extraordinary model included the relationships between the stress and the temperature on the strain rate and the creep lifetime, as well as various theories such as the regression model. For this purpose, the creep test was performed on the standard sample at different stress levels and a specific temperature of 275 ℃. By plotting strain-time and strain rate-time curves, it was found that the creep lifetime decreased by increasing stress levels from 75 MPa to 125 MPa. Moreover, by comparing the creep test results of nanoparticle-reinforced alloys and nanoparticle-free alloys, 40% fall was observed in the reinforced material lifetime under 75 MPa. An increase in the strain rate was also seen under the mentioned stress. It is noteworthy that under 125 MPa, the creep lifetime and the strain rate of the reinforced alloy increased and decreased, respectively, compared to the piston alloy. Finally, by analyzing output data by the Minitab software, the sensitivity of the results to input parameters was investigated.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Ishikawa, K., Okuda, H. & Kobayashi, Y. (1997). Creep behaviors of highly pure aluminum at lower temperatures. Materials Science and Engineering A. 234-236, 154-156.
[2] Ishikawa, K. & Kobayashi, Y. (2004). Creep and rupture behavior of a commercial aluminum-magnesium alloy A5083 at constant applied stress. Materials Science and Engineering A, 387-389, 613-617.
[3] Dobes, F. & Milicka, K. (2004). Comparison of thermally activated overcoming of barriers in creep of aluminum and its solid solutions. Materials Science and Engineering A. 387-389, 595-598.
[4] Requena, G. & Degischer, H.P. (2006). Creep behavior of unreinforced and short fiber reinforced AlSi12CuMgNi piston alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 420, 265-275.
[5] Li, L.T., Lin, Y.C., Zhou, H.M. & Jiang, Y.Q. (2013). Modeling the high-temperature creep behaviors of 7075 and 2124 aluminum alloys by continuum damage mechanics model. Computational Materials Science. 73, 72-78.
[6] Fernandez-Gutierrez, R. & Requena, G.C. (2014). The effect of spheroidization heat treatment on the creep resistance of a cast AlSi12CuMgNi piston alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 598, 147-153.
[7] Zhang, Q., Zhang, W. & Liu, Y. (2015). Evaluation and mathematical modeling of asymmetric tensile and compressive creep in aluminum alloy ZL109. Materials Science and Engineering A. 628, 340-349.
[8] Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Xu, Y., Liu, C., Zhao, X., Xu, L., Yang,Y. & Cia, Y. (2020). Creep aging behavior of retrogression and re-aged 7150 aluminum alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 30(10), 2599-2612.
[9] Ahn, C., Jo, I., Ji, C., Cho, S., Mishra, B. & Lee, E. (2020). Creep behavior of high-pressure die-cast AlSi10MnMg aluminum alloy. Materials Characterization. 167, 110495.
[10] Zhang, M., Lewis, R.J. & Gibeling, J.C. (2021). Mechanisms of creep deformation in a rapidly solidified Al-Fe-V-Si alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A. 805, 140796.
[11] Golshan, A.M.A., Aroo, H. & Azadi, M. (2021). Sensitivity analysis for effects of heat treatment, stress, and temperature on AlSi12CuNiMg aluminum alloy behavior under force-controlled creep loading. Applied Physics A. 127, 48.
[12] Pal, K., Navin, K. & Kurchania, R. (2020). Study of structural and mechanical behavior of Al-ZrO2 metal matrix nano-composites prepared by powder metallurgy method. Materials today: Proceeding. 26(Part 2), 2714-2719.
[13] Shuvho, M.B.A. Chowdhury, M.A., Kchaou, M., Rahman, A. & Islam, M.A. (2020). Surface characterization and mechanical behavior of aluminum-based metal matrix composite reinforced with nano Al2O3, SiC, TiO2 particles. Chemical Data Collections. 28, 100442.
[14] Azadi, M. & Aroo, H. (2019).Creep properties and failure mechanisms of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix silicon oxide nano-composite under working conditions in engine pistons. Materials Research Express. 6, 115020.
[15] Cadek, J., Oikawa, H. & Gustek, V. (1995).Threshold creep behavior of discontinuous aluminum and aluminum alloy matrix composites: an overview. Materials Science and Engineering A. 190, 9-23.
[16] Spigarelli, S. & Paoletti, C. (2018). A new model for the description of creep behavior of aluminum-based composites reinforced with nano-sized particles. Composites Part A. 112, 346- 355.
[17] Gupta, R. & Daniel, B.S.S.(2018). Impression creep behavior of ultrasonically processed in-situ Al3Ti reinforced aluminum composite. Materials Science and Engineering A. 733, 257-266.
[18] Gonga, D., Jianga, L., Guanc, J., Liua, K., Yua, Z. & Wua, G.(2020). Stable second phase: the key to high-temperature creep performance of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite. Materials Science and Engineering A. 770, 138551.
[19] Zhao, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Qiu, F. & Jiang, Q. (2018). Enhanced elevated-temperature mechanical properties of Al-Mn-Mg containing TiC nano-particles by pre-strain and concurrent precipitation. Materials Science and Engineering A. 718, 305-310.
[20] Bhoi, N., Singh, H. & Pratap, S. (2020). Developments in the aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced by micro/nano-particles - A review. Journal of Composite Materials. 54(6), 813- 833.
[21] Azadi, M., Zomorodipour, M. & Fereidoon, A. (2021). Study of effect of loading rate on tensile properties of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix nano-composite. Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 51(1), 9-18.
[22] Bhowmik, A., Dey, D. & Biswas, A. (2021). Characteristics study of physical, mechanical and tribological behavior of SiC/TiB2 dispersed aluminum matrix composite. Silicon. 06 January. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00923-2.
[23] Zolfaghari, M., Azadi, M. & Azadi, M. (2021). Characterization of high-cycle bending fatigue behaviors for piston aluminum matrix SiO2 nano-composites in comparison with aluminum-silicon alloys, International Journal of Metalcasting. 15, 152-168.
[24] Balachandran, M., Devanathan, S., Muraleekrishnan, R. & Bhagawan, S.S. (2012). Optimizing properties of nano-clay-nitrile rubber (NBR) composites using face central composite design. Materials and Design. 35, 854-862.
[25] Kumar, V.A., Kumar, V.V.V., Menon, G.S., Bimaldev, S., Sankar, M., Shankar, K.V. & Balachandran, M. (2020). Analyzing the effect of B4C/Al2O3 on the wear behavior of Al-6.6Si-0.4Mg alloy using response surface methodology, International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science. 8(2), 66-79.
[26] Sreedev, E.P., Govind, H.K., Raj, A., Adithyan, P.S., Narayan, H.A., Shankar, K.V. & Balachandran, M. (2020). Determining the significance of cobalt addition on the wear characteristics of Al-6.6Si-0.4Mg hypoeutectic alloy using design of experiment. Tribology in Industry. 42(2), 299-309.
[27] Shankar, K.V., Balachandran, M., Pillai, B.S., Krishnanunni, R.S., Harikrishnan, N.S., Harinarayanan, A.R. & Kumar, V.S. (2021). Influence of T6 heat treatment analysis on the tribological behavior of cast Al-12.2Si-0.3Mg-0.2Sr alloy using response surface methodology. Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion. 7(3), 96. [28] Anilkumar, V., Shankar, K.V., Balachandran, M., Joseph, J., Nived, S., Jayanandan, J., Jayagopan, J. & Surya Balaji, U.S. (2021). Impact of heat treatment analysis on the wear behavior of Al-14.2Si-0.3Mg-TiC composite using response surface methodology. Tribology in Industry. DOI: 10.24874/ti.988.10.20.04.
[29] Jiang, X., Zhang, Y., Yi, D., Wang, H., Deng, X. & Wang, B. (2017). Low-temperature creep behavior and microstructural evolution of 8030 aluminum cables. Materials Characterization. 130, 181-187.
[30] Azadi, M., Safarloo, S., Loghman, F., Rasouli, R. Microstructural and thermal properties of piston aluminum alloy reinforced by nano-particles. In AIP Conference Proceedings, 1920, (2018), 020027. DOI: 10.1063/1.5018959
[31] Khisheh, S., Khalili, K., Azadi, M. & Zaker Hendouabadi, V. (2021). Influences of roughness and heat treatment on high-cycle bending fatigue properties of A380 aluminum alloy under stress-controlled cyclic loading. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 264, 124475.
[32] Rashnoo, K., Sharifi, M.J., Azadi, M. & Azadi, M. (2020). Influences of reinforcement and displacement rate on microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of cylinder-head aluminum alloy. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 255, 123441.



Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

M. Azadi
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Behmanesh
1
H. Aroo
1

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Iran
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

The influence of rapid solidification from the liquid state on the structure of Al71Ni24Fe5 alloy was studied. The samples were prepared by induction melting (ingots) and high pressure die casting into a copper mold (plates). The structure was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), light microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The mechanism of crystallization was described on the basis of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) heating and cooling curves, XRD patterns, isothermal section of Al-Ni-Fe alloys at 850°C and binary phase diagram of Al-Ni alloys. The fragmentation of the structure was observed for rapidly solidified alloy in a form of plates. Additionally, the presence of decagonal quasicrystalline phase D-Al70.83Fe9.83Ni19.34 was confirmed by phase analysis of XRD patterns, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) of transmission electron microscopy images. The metastable character of D-Al70.83Fe9.83Ni19.34 phase was observed because of the lack of thermal effects on the DSC curves. The article indicates the differences with other research works and bring up to date the knowledge about Al71Ni24Fe5 alloys produced by two different cooling rates.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Tsai, A.P., Inoue, A. & Masumoto, T. (1989). New decagonal Al–Ni–Fe and Al–Ni–Co alloys prepared by liquid quenching. Materials Transactions, JIM. 30(2), 150-154. DOI: 10.2320/matertrans1989.30.150.
[2] Lin, Y., Mao, S., Yan, Z., Zhang, Y. & Wang, L. (2017). The enhanced microhardness in a rapidly solidified Al alloy. Material Science and Engneering: A. 692, 182-191. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.03.052.
[3] Kula, A., Blaz, L. & Lobry, P. (2016) Structure and properties studies of rapidly solidified Al-Mn alloys. Key Engineering Materials. 682, 199-204. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.682.199.
[4] Lavernia, E.J. & Srivatsan, T.S. (2010). The rapid solidification processing of materials: Science, principles, technology, advances, and applications. Journal of Materials Science. 45, 287-325. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-009-3995-5.
[5] Sukhova, O.V., Polonskyy, V.A. & Ustinovа, K.V. (2017). Structure formation and corrosion behaviour of quasicrystalline Al-Ni-Fe alloys. Physics and Chemistry of Solidstate. 18(2), 222-227. DOI: 10.15330/pcss.18.2.222-227.
[6] Kridli, G.T., Friedman, P.A. & Boileau, J.M. (2010). Manufacturing processes for light alloys. In P.K. Mallick (Eds.), Materials, Design and Manufacturing for Lightweight Vehicles (pp. 235-274). Woodhead Publishing.
[7] Bonollo, F., Gramegna, N. & Timelli, G. (2015). High-pressure die-casting: Contradictions and challenges. JOM: The Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. 67, 901-908. DOI: 10.1007/s11837-015-1333-8.
[8] Naglič, I., Samardžija, Z., Delijić, K., Kobe, S., Dubois, J.M., Leskovar, B. & Markoli, B. (2017). Metastable quasicrystals in Al–Mn alloys containing copper, magnesium and silicon. Journal of Material Science. 52, 13657-13668. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1477-8.
[9] He, Z., Ma, H., Li, H., Li, X. & Ma, X. (2016). New type of Al-based decagonal quasicrystal in Al60Cr20Fe10Si10 alloy. Scientific Reports. 6, 22337. DOI: 10.1038/srep22337.
[10] Kühn, U., Eckert, J., Mattern, N. & Schultz, L. As-cast quasicrystalline phase in a Zr-based multicomponent bulk alloy. Applied Physics Letter. 77, 3176-3178. DOI: 10.1063/1.1326036.
[11] Avar, B., Gogebakan, M., Yilmaz, F. (2008). Characterization of the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase in rapidly solidified Al-Cu-Fe alloys. Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie- Crystalline Materials. 223, 731-734. DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2008.1077.
[12] Surowiec, M.R. (2017). Quasicrystals. Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers PWN. (in Polish) [13] Ishimasa, T. (2016). Mysteries of icosahedral quasicrystals: How are the atoms arranged? IUCrJ. 3, 230-231. DOI: 10.1107/S2052252516009842.
[14] Pedrazzini, S., Galano, M., Audebert, F., Siegkas, P., Gerlach, R., Tagarielli, V.L. & Smith, G.D.W. (2019). High strain rate behaviour of nano-quasicrystalline Al93Fe3Cr2Ti2 alloy and composites. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 764, 138201. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2019.138201.
[15] Shadangi, Y., Shivam, V., Singh, M.K., Chattopadhyay, K., Basu, J. & Mukhopadhyay, N.K. (2019). Synthesis and characterization of Sn reinforced Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystalline matrix nanocomposite by mechanical milling. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 797, 1280-1287. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.128.
[16] Audebert, F., Prima, F., Galano, M., Tomut, M., Warren, P.J., Stone, I.C. & Cantor, B. (2002). Structural characterisation and mechanical properties of nanocomposite Al-based alloys. Materials Transactions. 43, 2017-2025. DOI: 10.2320/matertrans.43.2017.
[17] Inoue, A. & Kimura, H. (2000). High-strength aluminum alloys containing nanoquasicrystalline particles. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 286, 1-10. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00656-0.
[18] Li, F.C., Liu, T., Zhang, J.Y., Shuang, S., Wang, Q., Wang, A.D., Wang, J.G. & Yang, Y. (2019). Amorphous–nanocrystalline alloys: fabrication, properties, and applications. Materials Today Advances. 4, 100027. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2019.100027.
[19] Qiang, J., Wang, D., Bao, C., Wang, Y., Xu, W. & Song, M. (2001). Formation rule for Al-based ternary quasi-crystals : Example of Al–Ni– Fe decagonal phase. Journal of Materials Reserach. 16(9) 2653-2660. DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2001.0364.
[20] Audebert, F. (2005). Amorphous and nanostructured Al-Fe and Al-Ni based alloys. In Idzikowski B., Švec P., Miglierini M. (Eds.) Properties and Applications of Nanocrystalline Alloys from Amorphous Precursors. NATO Science Series (Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry). Dordrecht: Springer.
[21] Milman, Y.V., Sirko, A.I., Iefimov, M.O., Niekov, O.D., Sharovsky, A.O. & Zacharova, N.P. (2006). High strength aluminum alloys reinforced by nanosize quasicrystalline particles for elevated temperature application. High Temperature Materials and Processes. 25(1-2), 19-29. DOI: 10.1515/HTMP.2006.25.1-2.19.
[22] Yadav, T.P., Mukhopadhyay, N.K., Tiwari, R.S. & Srivastava, O.N. (2007). Studies on Al-Ni-Fe decagonal quasicrystalline alloy prepared by mechanical alloying, Philosophical Magazine. 87(18-21), 3117-3125. DOI: 10.1080/14786430701355208.
[23] Babilas, R., Młynarek, K., Łoński, W., Lis, M., Łukowiec, D., Kądziołka-Gaweł, M., Warski, T., Radoń, A. (2021). Analysis of thermodynamic parameters for designing quasicrystalline Al-Ni-Fe alloys with enhanced corrosion resistance. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 868, 159241. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159241.
[24] Grushko, B., Lemmerz, U., Fischer, K. & Freiburg, C. (1996). The low-temperature instability of the decagonal phase in Al-Ni-Fe. Physica Status Solidi (a). 155, 17-30. DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2211550103.
[25] Raghavan, V. (2009). Al-Fe-Ni (Aluminum-Iron-Nickel). Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion. 30(4), 85-88. DOI: 10.1007/s11669-008-9452-3.
[26] Konieczny, M., Mola, R., Thomas, P. & Kopcial, M. (2011). Processing, microstructure and properties of laminated Ni-intermetallic composites synthesised using Ni sheets and Al foils. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 56(3), 693-702. DOI: 10.2478/v10172-011-0076-y.
[27] Čelko, L., Klakurková, L. & Švejcar, J. (2010). Diffusion in Al-Ni and Al-NiCr interfaces at moderate temperatures. Defect and Diffusion Forum. 297-301, 771-777. DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.297-301.771.
[28] Titran, R.H., Vedula, K.M. & Anderson, G.G. (1984). High temperature properties of equialomic FeAl with ternary additions. MRS Proceedings. 39(309), 1471-1478. DOI: 10.1557/PROC-39-309.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

K. Młynarek
1
T. Czeppe
2
R. Babilas
1

  1. Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  2. Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta 5 St., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Plasma oxidation, similarly to anodic oxidation (anodizing), are classified as electrochemical surface treatment of metals such as Al, Mg, Ti and their alloys. This type of treatment is used to make surface of castings, plastically processed products, shaped with incremental methods to suitable for certain requirements. The most important role of the micro plasma coating is to protect the metal surface against corrosion. It is well known that coating of aluminium alloys containing silicon using anodic oxidation causes significant difficulties. They are linked to the eutectic nature of this alloy and result in a lack of coverage in silicon-related areas. The coating structure in these areas is discontinuous. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, it is required to apply oxidation coatings using the PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) method. It allows a consistent, crystalline coating to be formed. This study presents the mechanical properties of the coatings applied to Al-Si alloy using the PEO method. As part of the testing, the coating thickness, microhardness and scratch resistance were determined. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that the thickness of the coatings complies with the requirements of conventional anodizing. Additionally, microhardness values exceeded the results obtained with standard methods.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Famiyeh, L. & Huang, H. (2019). Plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on aluminum alloys: microstructures, properties, and applications. Modern Concepts in Material Science. 2(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.33552/MCMS.2019.02.000526.
[2] Sieber, M., Simchen, F., Morgenstern, R., Scharf, I. & Lampke, T. (2018). Plasma electrolytic oxidation of high-strength aluminium alloys-substrate effect on wear and corrosion performance. Metals. 8(5), 356. DOI: 10.3390/met8050356.
[3] Matykina, E., Arrabal, R., Mohedano, M., Mingo, B., Gonzalez, J., Pardo, A. & Merino, M.C. (2017). Recent advances in energy efficient PEO processing of aluminium alloys. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 27(7) 1439-1454. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60166-3.
[4] Agureev, L., Savushkina, S., Ashmarin, A., Borisov, A., Apelfeld, A., Anikin, K., Tkachenko, N., Gerasimov, M., Shcherbakov, A., Ignatenko, V. & Bogdashkina, N. (2018). Study of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on aluminum composites. Metals. 8(6), 459. DOI: 10.3390/met8060459.
[5] Lakshmikanthan, A., Bontha, S., Krishna, M., Praveennath, G.K. & Ramprabhu, T. (2019). Microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of the A357 composites reinforced with dual sized SiC particles. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 786, 570-580. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.01.382.
[6] Lakshmikanthan, A., Prabhu, T.R., Babu, U.S., Koppad, P.G., Gupta, M., Krishna, M. & Bontha, S. (2020). The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and tribological properties of dual size SiC reinforced A357 matrix composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 9(3), 6434-6452. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.04.027.
[7] Rogov, A., Lyu, H., Matthews, A. & Yerokhin, A. (2020). AC plasma electrolytic oxidation of additively manufactured and cast AlSi12 alloys. Surface and Coatings Technology, 399, 126116. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126116.
[8] Li, K., Li, W., Zhang, G., Zhu, W., Zheng, F., Zhang, D. & Wang, M. (2019). Effects of Si phase refinement on the plasma electrolytic oxidation of eutectic Al-Si alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 790, 650-656. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.03.217.
[9] Gencer, Y., Tarakci, M., Gule, A.E. & Oter C.Z. (2014). Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Binary Al-Sn Alloys. Acta Physica Polonica A. 125(2), 659-663. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.125.659.
[10] Moszczyński, P. & Trzaska, M. (2011). Shaping of oxide layers on the aluminum surface by plasma electrochemical oxidation. Elektronika: konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania. 52(12), 96-99. (in Polish).
[11] He, J., Cai, Q.Z., Luo, H.H., Yu, L. & Wei, B.K. (2009). Influence of silicon on growth process of plasma electrolytic oxidation coating on Al–Si alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 471(1-2), 395-399. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jallcom.2008.03.114.
[12] Blawert, C., Karpushenkov, S.A., Serdechnovaa, M., Karpushenkava, L.S. & Zheludkevicha, M.L. (2020). Plasma electrolytic oxidation of zinc alloy in a phosphate-aluminate electrolyte. Applied Surface Science. 505, 144552, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144552.
[13] Dehnavi, V. (2014). Surface Modification of Aluminum Alloys by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada.
[14] Zhang, Y., Xu, H., Yang, Y. (2007). Study on the optimization of pulse frequency in the micro arc oxidation of aluminum alloys. Proceedings of Vacuum Metallurgy and Surface Engineering. Beijing: Electronics Industry Press. 33−40.
[15] Habazaki, H., Onodera, T., Fushimi, K., Konno, H. & Toyotake, K. (2007). Spark anodizing of β-Ti alloy for wear resistant coating. Surface and Coatings Technology. 201(21), 8730-8737. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.05.041.
[16] Kurze, P., Krysmann, W. & Schneider, H.G. (2006). Application fields of ANOF layers and composites. Crystal Research and Technology. 21(12), 1603-1609. DOI: 10.1002/crat.2170211224.
[17] Butyagin, P.I., Khorkhryakov, Y.V. & Mamaev, A.I. (2003). Microplasma systems for creating coatings on aluminium alloys. Materials Letters. 57(11), 1748-1751. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-577X(02)01062-5.
[18] Sonova, A.I. & Terleeva, O.P. (2008). Morphology, structure, and phase composition of microplasma coatings formed on Al−Cu−Mg alloy. Protection of Metals. 44(1), 65-75. DOI: 10.1134/S0033173208010098.
[19] Shihai, C., Jiunmin, H., Weijing, L., Suk-Bong, K. & Jung-Moo, L. (2006). Study on wear behavior of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on aluminum alloy. Rare Metals. 25(6), 141-145. DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0521(08)60069-8.
[20] Dai, L., Li, W., Zhang, G., Fu, N. & Duan, Q. (2017). Anti-corrosion and wear properties of plasma electrolytic oxidation coating formed on high Si content Al alloy by sectionalized oxidation mode. In IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 19–21 November 2016 (167, 012063), Sanya, China: IOP Publishing Ltd. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/167/1/012063.
[21] Li, Q.B., Liu, C.C., Yang, W.B. & Liang, J. (2017). Growth mechanism and adhesion of PEO coatings on 2024Al alloy. Surface Engineering. 33(10), 760-766. DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2016.1200860.
[22] Ayday, A. & Durman, M. (2015). Growth characteristics of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on aluminum alloys. Acta Physica Polonica A. 127(4), 886-887, DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.127.886.
[23] Dehnavi, V., Shoesmith, D.W., Luan, B.L., Yari, M. & Liu, X.Y. & Rohani, S. (2015). Corrosion properties of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on an aluminium alloy – The effect of the PEO process stage. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 161, 49-58. DOI: 10.1016/j.matechemphys.2015.04.058.
[24] Gębarowski, W. & Pietrzyk, S. (2012). Plasma electrolytic oxidation of aluminum process technology outline. Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne. 57(4), 237-242. (in Polish).
[25] Duanjie, L. (2014). Scratch hardness measurement using mechanical tester. Retrieved February 12, 2020, from http://nanovea.com/app-notes/scratch-hardness-measurement.pl
[26] Hussein, R.O. & Northwood, D.O. (2014). Production of anti-corrosion coatings on light alloys (Al, Mg, Ti) by plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO). In Mahmood Aliofkhazraei (Eds.), Developments in Corrosion Protection (pp. 201-238). London, UK: IntechOpen Limited. DOI: 10.5772/57171.
[27] Wredenberg, F. & Larsson, P.-L. (2009). Scratch testing of metals and polymers: Experiments and numerics. Wear. 266(1-2), 76-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2008.05.014.
[28] Hussein, R.O., Northwood, D.O. & Nie, X. (2012). The influence of pulse timing and current mode on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coated AM60B magnesium alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 541, 41-48, DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.07.003.
[29] Matykina, E., Arrabal, R., Skeldon, P. & Thompson, G.E. (2009). Investigation of the growth processes of coatings by AC plasma electrolytic oxidation of aluminum. Electrochimica Acta. 54(27), 6767-6778.
[30] Sharift, H., Aliofkhazraei, M. & Darband, G.B. (2018). A review on adhesion strength of PEO coatings by scratch test method. Surface Review and Letters. 25(3), 1830004. DOI: 10.1142/S0218625X18300046.
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

P. Długosz
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Garbacz-Klempka
2
ORCID: ORCID
J. Piwowońska
1
P. Darłak
3
ORCID: ORCID
M. Młynarczyk
3

  1. Lukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, 73 Zakopiańska Str. 30-418 Cracow, Poland
  2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Reymonta 23 Str., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
  3. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, 23 Reymonta Str., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Pobierz PDF Pobierz RIS Pobierz Bibtex

Abstrakt

Investment casting is very well-known manufacturing process for producing relatively thin and multifarious industrial components with high dimensional tolerances as well as admirable surface finish. Investment casting process is further comprised of sub-processes including pattern making, shell making, dewaxing, shell backing, melting and pouring. These sub-processes are usually followed by heat treatment, finishing as well as testing & measurement of castings. Investment castings are employed in many industrial sectors including aerospace, automobile, bio-medical, chemical, defense, etc. Overall market size of investment castings in world is nearly 12.15 billion USD and growing at a rate of 2.8% every year. India is among the top five investment casting producers in the world, and produces nearly 4% (considering value of castings) of global market. Rajkot (home town of authors) is one of largest clusters of investment casting in India, and has nearly 175 investment casting foundries that is almost 30% of investment casting foundries of India. An industrial survey of nearly 25% of investment casting foundries of Rajkot cluster has been conducted in the year 2019-20 in order to get better insight related to 5 Cs (Capacity; Capability; Competency; Concerns; Challenges) of investment casting foundries located in the cluster. Specific set of questionnaires was design for the survey to address 5 Cs of investment casting foundries of Rajkot cluster, and their inputs were recorded during the in-person survey. The industrial survey yielded in providing better insight related to 5 Cs of foundries in Rajkot cluster. It will also help investment casting producer to identify the capabilities and quality issues as well as leads to benchmarking respective foundry.
Przejdź do artykułu

Bibliografia

[1] Market Publishers (2020). Investment Casting Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application (Aerospace & Defense, Energy Technology), By Region (North America, Europe, APAC, Central & South America, MEA), And Segment Forecasts, 2020 – 2027, 2020. Retrieved September, 2021, from https://pdf.marketpublishers.com/grand/investment-casting-market-size-share-trends-analysis-report-by-application-by-region-n-segment-forecasts-2020-2027.pdf
[2] Investment Casting Institute (2021). INCAST International Magazine of the Investment Casting Institute and the European Investment Casters Federation, 2021, XXXIV. Retrieved September, 2021, from https://www.investmentcasting.org/current-issue-public.html
[3] Online Learning Resources in Casting Design and Simulation. Retrieved September, 2021, from www.efoundry.iitb.ac.in
Przejdź do artykułu

Autorzy i Afiliacje

A.V. Sata
1
N.R. Maheta
1

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marwadi University, India

Instrukcja dla autorów

Submission


To submit the article, please use the Editorial System provided here:

https://www.editorialsystem.com/afe


Papers submitted in any other way will not be accepted.



The Journal does not have submission charges.


The APC Article Processing Charge is 110 euros (500zł for Polish authors). In some cases, the APC is paid as a part of the scientific conference fee, for which the AFE journal is a supportive one. If not, it is payable after the acceptance of the final article by direct money transfer.


Bank account details:


Account holder: Stowarzyszenie Wychowankow Politechniki Slaskiej Kolo Odlewnikow
Account holder address: ul. Towarowa 7, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Account numbers: BIC BPKOPLPW IBAN PL17 1020 2401 0000 0202 0183 3748


Instructions for the preparation of an Archives of Foundry Engineering Paper

Zasady etyki publikacyjnej


Publication Ethics Policy

The standards of expected ethical behavior for all parties involved in publishing in the Archives of Foundry Engineering journal: the author, the journal editor and editorial board, the peer reviewers and the publisher are listed below.

All the articles submitted for publication in Archives of Foundry Engineering are peer reviewed for authenticity, ethical issues and usefulness as per Review Procedure document.

Duties of Editors
1. Monitoring the ethical standards: Editorial Board monitors the ethical standards of the submitted manuscripts and takes all possible measures against any publication malpractices.
2. Fair play: Submitted manuscripts are evaluated for their scientific content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, citizenship, political ideology or any other issues that is a personal or human right.
3. Publication decisions: The Editor in Chief is responsible for deciding which of the submitted articles should or should not be published. The decision to accept or reject the article is based on its importance, originality, clarity, and its relevance to the scope of the journal and is made after the review process.
4. Confidentiality: The Editor in Chief and the members of the Editorial Board t ensure that all materials submitted to the journal remain confidential during the review process. They must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the parties involved in the publishing process i.e., authors, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher.
5. Disclosure and conflict of interest: Unpublished materials disclosed in the submitted manuscript must not be used by the Editor and the Editorial Board in their own research without written consent of authors. Editors always precludes business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards.
6. Maintain the integrity of the academic record: The editors will guard the integrity of the published academic record by issuing corrections and retractions when needed and pursuing suspected or alleged research and publication misconduct. Plagiarism and fraudulent data is not acceptable. Editorial Board always be willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions and apologies when needed.

Retractions of the articles: the Editor in Chief will consider retracting a publication if:
- there are clear evidences that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error)
- the findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification (cases of redundant publication)
- it constitutes plagiarism or reports unethical research.
Notice of the retraction will be linked to the retracted article (by including the title and authors in the retraction heading), clearly identifies the retracted article and state who is retracting the article. Retraction notices should always mention the reason(s) for retraction to distinguish honest error from misconduct.
Retracted articles will not be removed from printed copies of the journal nor from electronic archives but their retracted status will be indicated as clearly as possible.

Duties of Authors
1. Reporting standards: Authors of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. The paper should contain sufficient details and references to permit others to replicate the work. The fabrication of results and making of fraudulent or inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and will cause rejection or retraction of a manuscript or a published article.
2. Originality and plagiarism: Authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others they need to be cited or quoted. Plagiarism and fraudulent data is not acceptable.
3. Data access retention: Authors may be asked to provide the raw data for editorial review, should be prepared to provide public access to such data, and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication of their paper.
4. Multiple or concurrent publication: Authors should not in general publish a manuscript describing essentially the same research in more than one journal. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
5. Authorship of the manuscript: Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the report study. All those who have made contributions should be listed as co-authors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included in the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
6. Acknowledgement of sources: The proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. The authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the scope of the reported work.
7. Fundamental errors in published works: When the author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Duties of Reviewers
1. Contribution to editorial decisions: Peer reviews assist the editor in making editorial decisions and may also help authors to improve their manuscript.
2. Promptness: Any selected reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its timely review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself/herself from the review process.
3. Confidentiality: All manuscript received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except those authorized by the editor.
4. Standards of objectivity: Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.
5. Acknowledgement of sources: Reviewers should identify the relevant published work that has not been cited by authors. Any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper should be reported to the editor.
6. Disclosure and conflict of Interest: Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relations with any of the authors, companies, or institutions involved in writing a paper.

Procedura recenzowania


Review Procedure


The Review Procedure for articles submitted to the Archives of Foundry Engineering agrees with the recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education published in a booklet: ‘Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce’ (MNiSW, Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce, Warszawa 2011).

Papers submitted to the Editorial System are primarily screened by editors with respect to scope, formal issues and used template. Texts with obvious errors (formatting other than requested, missing references, evidently low scientific quality) will be rejected at this stage or will be sent for the adjustments.

Once verified each article is checked by the anti-plagiarism system Cross Check powered by iThenticate®. After the positive response, the article is moved into: Initially verified manuscripts. When the similarity level is too high, the article will be rejected. There is no strict rule (i.e., percentage of the similarity), and it is always subject to the Editor’s decision.
Initially verified manuscripts are then sent to at least four independent referees outside the author’s institution and at least two of them outside of Poland, who:

have no conflict of interests with the author,
are not in professional relationships with the author,
are competent in a given discipline and have at least a doctorate degree and respective
scientific achievements,
have a good reputation as reviewers.


The review form is available online at the Journal’s Editorial System and contains the following sections:

1. Article number and title in the Editorial System

2. The statement of the Reviewer (to choose the right options):

I declare that I have not guessed the identity of the Author. I declare that I have guessed the identity of the Author, but there is no conflict of interest

3. Detailed evaluation of the manuscript against other researches published to this point:

Do you think that the paper title corresponds with its contents?
Yes No
Do you think that the abstract expresses the paper contents well?
Yes No
Are the results or methods presented in the paper novel?
Yes No
Do the author(s) state clearly what they have achieved?
Yes No
Do you find the terminology employed proper?
Yes No
Do you find the bibliography representative and up-to-date?
Yes No
Do you find all necessary illustrations and tables?
Yes No
Do you think that the paper will be of interest to the journal readers?
Yes No

4. Reviewer conclusion

Accept without changes
Accept after changes suggested by reviewer.
Rate manuscript once again after major changes and another review
Reject


5. Information for Editors (not visible for authors).

6. Information for Authors


Reviewing is carried out in the double blind process (authors and reviewers do not know each other’s names).

The appointed reviewers obtain summary of the text and it is his/her decision upon accepting/rejecting the paper for review within a given time period 21 days.

The reviewers are obliged to keep opinions about the paper confidential and to not use knowledge about it before publication.

The reviewers send their review to the Archives of Foundry Engineering by Editorial System. The review is archived in the system.

Editors do not accept reviews, which do not conform to merit and formal rules of scientific reviewing like short positive or negative remarks not supported by a close scrutiny or definitely critical reviews with positive final conclusion. The reviewer’s remarks are sent to the author. He/she has to consider all remarks and revise the text accordingly.

The author of the text has the right to comment on the conclusions in case he/she does not agree with them. He/she can request the article withdrawal at any step of the article processing.

The Editor-in-Chief (supported by members of the Editorial Board) decides on publication based on remarks and conclusions presented by the reviewers, author’s comments and the final version of the manuscript.

The final Editor’s decision can be as follows:
Accept without changes
Reject


The rules for acceptance or rejection of the paper and the review form are available on the Web page of the AFE publisher.

Once a year Editorial Office publishes present list of cooperating reviewers.
Reviewing is free of charge.
All articles, including those rejected and withdrawn, are archived in the Editorial System.

Recenzenci

List of Reviewers 2022

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Vivek Ayar - Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Azwinur Azwinur - Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Iwona Bednarczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Łukasz Bohdal - Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Joanna Borowiecka-Jamrozek- The Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Debashish Bose - Metso Outotec India Private Limited, Vadodara, India
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
Murat Çolak - Bayburt University, Turkey
Adam Cwudziński - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Derya Dispinar- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Flora Faleschini - University of Padova, Italy
Imre Felde - Obuda University, Hungary
Róbert Findorák - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Marek Góral - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Barbara Grzegorczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Ozen Gursoy - University of Padova, Italy
Gábor Gyarmati - University of Miskolc, Hungary
Jakub Hajkowski - Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Marek Hawryluk - Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Dario Iljkić - University of Rijeka, Croatia
Magdalena Jabłońska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Nalepa Jakub - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aneta Jakubus - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Łukasz Jamrozowicz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Vitaliy Korendiy - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Malgorzata Lagiewka - Politechnika Czestochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jingkun Li - University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
Petr Lichy - Technical University Ostrava, Czech Republic
Y.C. Lin - Central South University, China
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ewa Majchrzak - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Barnali Maji - NIT-Durgapur: National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
Pawel Malinowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Matejka - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Bohdan Mochnacki - Technical University of Occupational Safety Management, Katowice, Poland
Grzegorz Moskal - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Krzysztof Naplocha - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Tomáš Obzina - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Peiman Omranian Mohammadi - Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
Zenon Opiekun - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Onur Özbek - Duzce University, Turkey
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Miroslawa Pawlyta - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacek Pezda - ATH Bielsko-Biała, Poland
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Jacek Pieprzyca - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Marcela Pokusová - Slovak Technical University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University Thailand Amit Sata - MEFGI, Faculty of Engineering, India
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Vasudev Shinde - DKTE' s Textile and Engineering India Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Bozo Smoljan - University North Croatia, Croatia
Leszek Sowa - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Sławomir Spadło - Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Stradomski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Roland Suba - Schaeffler Skalica, spol. s r.o., Slovak Republic
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jan Szajnar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Michal Szucki - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Damian Słota - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Tęcza - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Mirosław Tupaj - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University United States Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Iveta Vaskova - Technical University of Kosice, Slovak Republic
Dorota Wilk-Kołodziejczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Çağlar Yüksel - Atatürk University, Turkey
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Zych - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2021

Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Imam Basori - State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Leszek Blacha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice
Poland Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Marcin Brzeziński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Alexandros Charitos - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Zhipei Chen - University of Technology, Netherlands
Józef Dańko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Przemysław Fima - Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAN, Kraków, Poland
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers P Ltd., India
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Gábor Gyarmati - Foundry Institute, University of Miskolc, Hungary
Krzysztof Herbuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Agata Jażdżewska - Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Centre of Casting Technology, Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Adrian Kampa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Wojciech Kapturkiewicz- AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tatiana Karkoszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Himanshu Khandelwal - National Institute of Foundry & Forging Technology, Hatia, Ranchi, India
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Kokot - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík - CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Kopyciński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Janusz Kozana - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Kozieł - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Wacław Kuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacques Lacaze - University of Toulouse, France
Avinash Lakshmikanthan - Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India
Jaime Lazaro-Nebreda - Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology, Brunel University London, United Kingdom
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Maria Maj - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Mendakiewicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Hanna Myalska-Głowacka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - Physics-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Mitsuhiro Okayasu - Okayama University, Japan
Agung Pambudi - Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia, Indonesia
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Seyda Polat - Kocaeli University, Turkey
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Alena Pribulova - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich West Midlands, United Kingdom
Iulian Riposan - Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania
Ferdynand Romankiewicz - Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Zielona Góra, Poland
Mario Rosso - Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karthik Shankar - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amritapuri, India
Vasudev Shinde - Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Rajwada, Ichalkaranji, India
Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Jerzy Sobczak - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sebastian Sobula - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Soiński - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Studnicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mayur Sutaria - Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Gujarat, India
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sutiyoko Sutiyoko - Manufacturing Polytechnic of Ceper, Klaten, Indonesia
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Jacek Trzaska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University, United States
Muhammet Uludag - Selcuk University, Turkey
Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Tomasz Wrobel - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Antonin Zadera - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Bo Zhang - Hunan University of Technology, China
Xiang Zhang - Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
Eugeniusz Ziółkowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sylwia Żymankowska-Kumon - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2020

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Rafał Babilas - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Emin Bayraktar - Supmeca/LISMMA-Paris, France
Jaroslav Beňo - VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Boczkal - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Wojciech Borek - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
John Campbell - University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
Ganesh Chate - Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Mirosław Cholewa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Khanh Dang - Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
Vladislav Deev - Wuhan Textile University, China
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Malwina Dojka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Sergii Gerasin - Pryazovskyi State Technical University, Ukraine
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers Ltd, India
Marcin Górny - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Gołąbczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Libor Hlavac - VSB Ostrava, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Philippe Jacquet - ECAM, Lyon, France
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Damian Janicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Witold Janik - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków, Poland
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík -Institute of Engineering Technology CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Sergey Konovalov - Samara National Research University, Russia
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Janusz Krawczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Agnieszka Kupiec-Sobczak - Cracow University of Technology, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Aleksander Lisiecki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Major-Gabryś - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Pavlo Maruschak - Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ukraine
Sanjay Mohan - Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, India
Marek Mróz - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Sebastian Mróz - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Częstochowa, Poland
Konstantin Nikitin - Samara State Technical University, Russia
Daniel Pakuła - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland


Ta strona wykorzystuje pliki 'cookies'. Więcej informacji